Abstract:
Disclosed are electrorheological fluids including vermiculite treated with an amine salt, methods of making the same, propylene carbonate adsorbed on the solid phase, butyl benzoate added for the liquid phase, and methods of using frequency response of electrorheological fluids to vary apparent viscosity and to compensate for temperature.
Abstract:
Lubricant for use in hot forming of steel at high temperatures and especially in the production of seamless tubes in so-called multiple pipe mills, in which the lubricant must adhere water-resistant to the tool. This is achieved by a lubricant containing, besides a solid lubricant and a thickening agent, a binding agent from the series of the carboxylated styrene-butadiene latices.
Abstract:
An electro-rheological fluid comprising an electrically insulating liquid as the dispersion medium, porous solid particles as the dispersed phase, a dispersant, and a polyhydric alcohol having a boiling point of not lower than 250.degree. C., a melting point of not higher than 15.degree. C. and a viscosity of not higher than 300 cp (as measured at 20.degree. C.), or comprising an electrically insulating liquid as the dispersion medium, porous solid particles as the dispersed phase, a polyhydric alcohol and/or water, and an ashless dispersant.
Abstract:
A diurea grease composition contains a base oil and 2 to 25 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition, of a diurea compound, the diurea grease compound being produced by reacting a mixed system of two or more different diisocyanates represented by the formula (I) OCN--R--NCO wherein R stands for a straight-chained or branched alkylene group, a straight-chained or branched alkenylene group, a cycloalkylene group or an aromatic group, with an amine compound selected from the group consisting of a primary amine represented by the formula (II) R.sub.1 --NH.sub.2 wherein R.sub.1 stands for a hydrocarbon residue having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, a secondary amine represented by the formula (III) ##STR1## wherein R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 each stand for hydrocarbon residues having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof.
Abstract:
Active analcime having a chemical composition comprising 60 to 95% by weight of SiO.sub.2, 0.3 to 20% by weight of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and 0.02 to 11% by weight of Na.sub.2 O based on the three components, an X-ray diffraction pattern inherent to analcime and a moisture adsorption of 5 to 30% by weight as determined under conditions of a relative humidity of 90%, an ambient temperature of 25.degree. C. and a standing time of 24 hours, wherein individual particles have a tetracosahedral or angle-rounded tetracosahedral particulate shape and the primary particle size of 0.1 to 50 .mu.m as determined according to the electron microscope method. This active analcime is obtained by acid-treating a zeolite by using an acid in an amount of 0.1 to 1.2 molar equivalents per mole of the sum of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and Na.sub.2 O components in the zeolite so that the crystal structure of analcime is left.Amorphous silica which is obtained by an acid treatment of a zeolite and is X-ray diffractometrically substantially amorphous, wherein individual particles have a tetracosahedral or angle-rounded tetracosahedral particulate shape and the primary particle size is 0.1 to 50 .mu.m as determined according to the electron microscope method. This amorphous silica is obtained by acid-treating a zeolite so that Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and Na.sub.2 O components are removed in amounts sufficient to render the zeolite amorphous.
Abstract translation:具有根据三种组分包含60至95重量%的SiO 2,0.3至20重量%的Al 2 O 3和0.02至11重量%的Na 2 O的化学组成的活性分析,分析固有的X射线衍射图案和 在相对湿度为90%,环境温度为25℃,停留时间为24小时的条件下测定的水分吸附为5〜30重量%,其中单个颗粒具有四面体或角圆形四面体颗粒形状 一次粒径为0.1〜50μm,根据电子显微镜法测定。 通过使用沸石中每摩尔Al 2 O 3和Na 2 O成分的总和为0.1〜1.2摩尔当量的酸,对沸石进行酸处理,得到沸石的结晶结构,得到该活性分析物。 通过沸石的酸处理得到的无定形二氧化硅,X射线衍射法基本上是无定形的,其中单个颗粒具有四面体或角圆四面体颗粒形状,一次粒径为0.1-50μm,如根据 电子显微镜法。 该无定形二氧化硅通过酸处理沸石获得,使得除去足够使沸石无定形的Al 2 O 3和Na 2 O组分。
Abstract:
A gelling agent for hydrophobic organic liquids, such as mineral oil, comprising the reaction product of an organic poly-oxo-aluminum salt of a fatty acid and an organic reactant, particularly reactants having hydroxyl or carboxyl groups, in solid form. Preferably, the agent also contains an agent for reducing the settling or agglomeration of the gelling agent, such as particulate silicic acid or caoutchouc.
Abstract:
An improved method of inducing a change in the dynamic torque transmission of an electrorheological fluid in response to an electric field at low current comprising the steps of: (a) selecting a nonconductive liquid phase (e.g. high dielectric hydrocarbon oil); (b) dispersing in the nonconductive liquid phase a particulate phase substantially free of adsorbed water (e.g. zeolite); and (c) subjecting the resulting electrorheological fluid to an electric potential in excess of about one kilovolt at a current density of less than about one-third microamp per square inch. Such a method achieves a rate of increase of dynamic transmission of torque per unit voltage, dM/dV, in excess of about 0.034 ft-lbs.times.10.sup.-3 /kV and a ratio of dynamic transmission of torque at an electric field strength of at least 2.4 kV to the dynamic transmission of torque at zero field strength, M/Mo, of at least about 2.
Abstract:
An adhesive grease composition comprises a random copolymer of ethylene and an alpha-olefin having the following formula ##STR1## wherein R represents a lower alkyl group, x and y are, respectively, an integer provided that x/y=0.5 to 2.0 and x+y=50 to 150, and a thickening agent in defined amounts.
Abstract translation:粘合剂润滑脂组合物包含乙烯和具有下式的α-烯烃的无规共聚物,其中R表示低级烷基,x和y分别是整数,条件是x / y = 0.5〜2.0,x + y = 50〜150,加稠剂为规定量。
Abstract:
Lubricant system for sheet and section rolling mills, containing a solid lubricant, an adhesive component and/or a thickening agent, and also water as a carrier medium. The lubricant system is sprayed onto the working cylinder in the roll stand as a suspension, at least some of the water evaporating and a firmly adhering, waterproof, lubricating and separating film forming on the working cylinders.
Abstract:
Novel compositions useful as fluid gelling agents, especially for use in subterranean applications such as drilling fluids, are prepared by reacting an aqueous dispersion of a clay, such as bentonite, with an aqueous gel of a monodispersed mixed metal layered hydroxide of the formula Li.sub.m D.sub.d T(OH).sub.(m+2d+3+na) A.sub.a.sup.n, where D is a divalent metal, such as Mg, T is a trivalent metal, such as Al, and A represents other monovalent or polyvalent anions, the formula being described in detail in the disclosure.