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    Molecular computer
    53.
    发明授权
    Molecular computer 有权
    分子计算机

    公开(公告)号：US06430511B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-08-06

    申请号：US09488339

    申请日：2000-01-20

    Applicant: James M Tour ,  Mark A Reed ,  Jorge M Seminario ,  David L Allara ,  Paul S Weiss

    Inventor： James M Tour ,  Mark A Reed ,  Jorge M Seminario ,  David L Allara ,  Paul S Weiss

    IPC: G01N3348

    CPC classification number: H01L51/0595 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  G06N99/007 ,  G11C13/0014 ,  G11C13/025 ,  G11C2211/5614 ,  G11C2213/14 ,  G11C2213/71 ,  G11C2213/81 ,  H01L51/0046 ,  H01L51/005 ,  H01L51/0052 ,  Y10S977/708 ,  Y10S977/731 ,  Y10S977/839 ,  Y10S977/94 ,  Y10S977/943

    Abstract: A molecular computer is formed by establishing arrays of spaced-apart input and output pins on opposing sides of a containment, injecting moleware in solution into the containment and then allowing the moleware to bridge the input and output pins. Moleware includes molecular alligator clip-bearing 2-, 3-, and molecular 4-, or multi-terminal wires, carbon nanotube wires, molecular resonant tunneling diodes, molecular switches, molecular controllers that can be modulated via external electrical or magnetic fields, massive interconnect stations based on single nanometer-sized particles, and dynamic and static random access memory (DRAM and SRAM) components composed of molecular controller/nanoparticle or fullerene hybrids. The current-voltage characteristics that result from the bridging between input and output arrays can be ascertained using another computer to identify the bundles of inputs and corresponding outputs that provide a truth table for the specific functions of the computer.

    Abstract translation: 通过在容纳物的相对侧上建立间隔开的输入和输出销排列形成分子计算机，将解决方案中的摩擦件注入到容纳物中，然后允许鼹鼠桥接输入和输出销。 Moleware包括分子鳄鱼夹2，3-和分子4-或多端子线，碳纳米管线，分子谐振隧道二极管，分子开关，可通过外部电场或磁场调制的分子控制器，大量 基于单个纳米尺寸粒子的互连站，以及由分子控制器/纳米颗粒或富勒烯混合物组成的动态和静态随机存取存储器（DRAM和SRAM）组件。 由输入和输出阵列之间的桥接产生的电流 - 电压特性可以使用另一台计算机确定，以识别输入束和相应的输出，为计算机的特定功能提供真值表。

    Neural network using inhomogeneities in a medium as neurons and transmitting input signals in an unchannelled wave pattern through the medium
    54.
    发明授权
    Neural network using inhomogeneities in a medium as neurons and transmitting input signals in an unchannelled wave pattern through the medium 失效
    使用介质中的不均匀性作为神经元的神经网络，并通过介质以非通配波形图形传输输入信号

    公开(公告)号：US5706404A

    公开(公告)日：1998-01-06

    申请号：US688462

    申请日：1996-07-30

    Applicant: Sel B. Colak

    Inventor： Sel B. Colak

    IPC: G06F15/18 ,  G06N3/063 ,  G06N99/00 ,  G06E1/00

    CPC classification number: G06N99/007 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  G06N3/063 ,  G06N3/0635

    Abstract: Neural net with spatially distributed functionalities. An information processing system comprises a neural net with fully distributed neuron and synapse functionalities in a spatially inhomogeneous medium to propagate a response field from an input to an output. The response field is a reaction of the medium to a plurality of input signals and depends non-linearly on the input signals. The response field is also determined by the inhomogeneities. The value of the field at one or more particular locations is indicative of one or more output signals of the neural net.

    Abstract translation: 具有空间分布功能的神经网络。 信息处理系统包括在空间不均匀介质中具有完全分布神经元和突触功能的神经网络，以将响应字段从输入传播到输出。 响应场是介质与多个输入信号的反应，并且非线性地依赖于输入信号。 响应场也由不均匀性决定。 在一个或多个特定位置处的场的值指示神经网络的一个或多个输出信号。

    Molecular electro-optical transistor and switch
    56.
    发明授权
    Molecular electro-optical transistor and switch 失效
    分子电光晶体管和开关

    公开(公告)号：US4804930A

    公开(公告)日：1989-02-14

    申请号：US914121

    申请日：1986-10-01

    Applicant: Branimir Simic-Glavaski

    Inventor： Branimir Simic-Glavaski

    IPC: G02F1/01 ,  G02F2/02 ,  G02F3/00 ,  G06N99/00 ,  G11C11/00 ,  G11C13/04 ,  H03K19/14 ,  G11C13/00 ,  H01S3/00

    CPC classification number: G06N99/007 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  G02F1/01 ,  G02F2/02 ,  G02F3/00 ,  G11C11/00 ,  G11C13/0014 ,  G11C13/0019 ,  G11C13/04

    Abstract: Observable changes in the electrical and optical characteristics of individual molecules adsorbed on a conductor or semi-conductor caused by the electrical and/or optical excitation or de-excitation of electrons within such molecules can be used as signals which in turn can be used to carry information and such observable information carrying changes or signals can be switched, amplified, and modulated by varying the optical as well as the electrical inputs to such molecules. In the invention electro-optical molecules are adsorbed on a substrate. The natural characteristic of such a molecule is altered by ionization or electron transfer; more specifically an electron is excited to an excited state. Electron transfer, trapping, or excitation/state change, or molecule ionization is effected and controlled as a function of (1) electric potential across an adsorbed molecule or a layer or layers of such molecules and/or (2) wavelength(s)/frequency(ies) and intensity(ies) of the incident illumination thereof. Such electron transfer, trapping, or state change causes a change in the natural or non-perturbed optical response of the adsorbed molecule. The optical response can be detected using Raman spectroscopy, preferably surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Such detection or analysis provides a spatial distribution of the Raman lines, each having a particular intensity or magnitude level, thus providing multioutput and multilevel operation of the device. Analysis of the frequency or spatial distribution as well as the intensity of such output signal(s) or information identifies where such electron is trapped or transferred in the adsorbed molecule. Operation is at high speed, e.g. on the order of 10.sup.-13 to 10.sup.-15 second, and is functional at conventional room ambient temperatures.

    Abstract translation: 吸收在导体或半导体上的单个分子的电学和光学特性的可观察的变化可由这种分子内的电子和/或光激发或去激发引起，这些变化可被用作继而可以用于携带的信号 可以通过改变光学以及对这些分子的电输入来切换，放大和调制携带变化或信号的这种可观察信息。 在本发明中，电光分子被吸附在基底上。 这种分子的天然特征通过电离或电子转移而改变; 更具体地，电子被激发到激发态。 电子转移，捕获或激发/状态变化或分子离子化作为（1）跨越吸附分子或这种分子的一个或多个层的电位和/或（2）波长/ 频率和强度。 这种电子转移，捕获或状态变化引起吸附分子的天然或非扰动的光学响应的​​变化。 可以使用拉曼光谱法，优选表面增强拉曼光谱法来检测光学响应。 这种检测或分析提供拉曼线的空间分布，每个具有特定的强度或幅度水平，从而提供器件的多输出和多电平操作。 频率或空间分布以及这种输出信号或信息的强度的分析表明这种电子在吸附分子中被捕获或转移的位置。 操作是高速的，例如 在10-13至10-15秒的数量级，并且在常规室温环境下起作用。

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