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538 条记录 (耗时 0.012 秒)

    Lubricants and polymeric additives therefor
    85.
    发明授权
    Lubricants and polymeric additives therefor 失效
    润滑剂及其高分子添加剂

    公开(公告)号：US3198739A

    公开(公告)日：1965-08-03

    申请号：US7140360

    申请日：1960-11-25

    申请人： SHELL OIL CO

    发明人： RICHARDS HARRY F ,  HERBERT JR STEPHEN A ,  MOORE ROBERT J

    IPC分类号： C10M145/14 ,  C10M159/00

    CPC分类号： C10M159/005 ,  C10M143/08 ,  C10M145/14 ,  C10M149/02 ,  C10M151/02 ,  C10M153/02 ,  C10M2205/028 ,  C10M2207/023 ,  C10M2207/024 ,  C10M2207/026 ,  C10M2209/084 ,  C10M2213/00 ,  C10M2213/04 ,  C10M2213/06 ,  C10M2215/06 ,  C10M2215/065 ,  C10M2217/02 ,  C10M2217/022 ,  C10M2217/024 ,  C10M2217/026 ,  C10M2217/028 ,  C10M2217/06 ,  C10M2221/02 ,  C10M2223/04 ,  C10M2223/041 ,  C10M2223/042 ,  C10M2223/047 ,  C10M2223/065 ,  C10M2223/12 ,  C10M2225/00 ,  C10M2225/02 ,  C10M2225/04 ,  C10M2229/00 ,  C10N2230/08 ,  C10N2240/12 ,  C10N2240/121 ,  C10N2240/14 ,  C10N2240/201 ,  C10N2240/202

    摘要： Polymers suitable as lubricating oil additives and having a molecular weight in the range 1,000 to 1,000,000 consist of a linear carbon backbone chain and attached thereto at least two groups (A) which are oil-solubilising ester groups -COOR where R is alkyl, and at least two groups (B) -COOR1OH where R1 is a alkylene radical. The polymers may be prepared by copolymerizing alkyl acrylates or methacrylates with hydroxy-omega-hydroxy alkane esters of acrylic or methacrylic acids, optionally together with other monomers such as 1-alkenes, vinyl esters of carboxylic acids, vinyl ethers, allyl esters, and ethers, N-alkyl amides of unsaturated carboxylic acids, vinyl heterocyclic compounds and vinyl and allyl phosphates and phosphonates. Polymerization may be effected in the presence of inert solvents such as aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, and conventional catalysts such as organic peroxides and hydroperoxides, alkali metal and ammonium persalts and azo compounds. Many suitable diluents, catalysts and monomers are listed and examples describe the copolymerization of stearyl methacrylate with (I and II) o -hydroxyamyl methacrylate, (III) 1,3-dimethyl-o -hydroxyamyl methacrylate, (IV) o -hydroxyamyl methacrylate and 2-methyl-5-vinyl pyridine, (V) o -hydroxyamyl methacrylate and bischlorethyl vinylphosphonate, (VI) o -hydroxyamyl acrylate, (VII) o -hydroxyhexyl methacrylate, (VIII) o -hydroxyhexyl methacrylate and triallyl phosphate and (IX) o -hydroxyamyl methacrylate and vinyl pyrrolidone; and of lauryl methacrylate with (X) o -hydroxyamyl methacrylate and vinyl stearate. The copolymers may be added, together with conventional additives, to mineral lubricating oils.ALSO:Lubricating compositions comprise a mineral lubricating oil, e.g. derived from paraffinic, naphthenic or asphaltic crude oils, and a polymeric compound having a molecular weight in the range 1,000 to 1,000,000 and consisting of a linear carbon backbone chain and attached thereto at least two groups -COOR where R is C10- 20 alkyl and at least two groups -COOR1OH where R1 is C5- 7 alkylene. The polymers may be prepared by copolymerizing C10- 20 alkyl esters and hydroxy C5- 7 alkyl esters of acrylic and methacrylic acids, optionally together with other monomers. Many suitable monomers are listed. The compositions may also contain antioxidants, e.g. phenolic compounds and arylamines, and anti-scuffing agents, e.g. organic phosphites, phosphonates and phosphates which may be chlorinated, and their sulphur analogues, and phosphorus pentasulphide-terpene reaction products, all of which are exemplified. Examples describe compositions comprising mineral lubricating oils and (A and B) stearyl methacrylate-o -hydroxyamyl methacrylate copolymers; (C) stearyl methacrylate - 1,3 - dimethyl - o - hydroxyamyl methacrylate copolymer; (D) stearyl methacrylate - o - hydroxyamyl methacrylate - 2 - methyl - 5 - vinyl pyridine copolymer; (E) stearyl methacrylate-o -hydroxyamyl methacrylate-bischlorethyl vinyl phosphonate copolymer; (F) stearyl methacrylate-o -hydroxyamyl methacrylate copolymer and 4,41-methylene bis-(2,6-di-t-butyl phenol); and (G) stearyl methacrylate - o - hydroxyamyl methacrylate copolymer, 4,41 - methylene bis - (2,6 - di - t - butyl phenol) and tricresyl phosphate. Other copolymers exemplified are of stearyl methacrylate and (VI) o -hydroxyamyl acrylate, (VII) o -hydroxyhexyl methacrylate, (VIII) o -hydroxyhexyl methacrylate and triallyl phosphate and (IX) o -hydroxyamyl methacrylate and vinyl pyrrolidone; and of lauryl methacrylate with (X) o -hydroxyamyl methacrylate and vinyl stearate.

    Preparation of graft copolymers
    87.
    发明授权
    Preparation of graft copolymers 失效
    接枝共聚物的制备

    公开(公告)号：US2926126A

    公开(公告)日：1960-02-23

    申请号：US55883356

    申请日：1956-01-13

    申请人： ROHM & HAAS

    发明人： GRAHAM ROGER K ,  GLUCKMAN MURIEL S

    IPC分类号： C08F265/04 ,  C10M159/00 ,  F02B3/06

    CPC分类号： C08F265/04 ,  C10M143/10 ,  C10M145/02 ,  C10M145/14 ,  C10M149/02 ,  C10M151/02 ,  C10M159/005 ,  C10M2203/10 ,  C10M2205/04 ,  C10M2209/02 ,  C10M2209/084 ,  C10M2217/02 ,  C10M2217/022 ,  C10M2217/024 ,  C10M2217/026 ,  C10M2217/028 ,  C10M2217/06 ,  C10M2221/02 ,  C10M2221/04 ,  C10M2229/00 ,  F02B3/06 ,  Y10S8/18

    摘要： Graft copolymers are prepared by exposing a mixture of a poly (alkyl acrylate), in which the alkyl portion contains no more than eighteen carbon atoms, and a monomer to high energy irradiation, the monomer being selected from alkyl acrylates and methacrylates in which the alkyl portion may be acyclic or cyclic and contains no more than eighteen carbon atoms, acrylonitrile, acrylic acid, styrene, ring-substituted styrenes containing no more than a total of twenty carbon atoms, hydroxy-substituted alkyl vinyl ethers in which the alkyl portion may be acyclic or cyclic and contains from two to eighteen carbon atoms and in which there are one or two hydroxy groups on the alkyl portion but never more than one hydroxy group on any one carbon atom and no hydroxy group is closer than two carbon atoms to the ether oxygen, alkanamidoalkyl vinyl ethers in which the non-vinyl portion contains from three to twenty-three carbon atoms, vinyl alkyl sulphides in which the alkyl portion contains no more than eighteen carbon atoms, hydroxy-substituted alkyl vinyl sulphides in which the alkyl portion contains from two to eighteen carbon atoms and in which there are one to two hydroxy groups on the alkyl portion but never more than one hydroxy group on any one carbon atom and no hydroxy group is closer than two carbon atoms to the sulphur atom, dialkylaminoalkyl vinyl sulphides in which the dialkyl portion attached to the amino nitrogen considered individually may contain up to eight carbon atoms and considered collectively may form a fiveto six-membered heterocyclic amino group with the amino nitrogen atom and in which the amino nitrogen atom is always tertiary and is connected to the sulphur atom by means of an alkylene group of two to eighteen carbon atoms, N-vinyl lactams and alkyl-substituted N-vinyl lactams containing from six to twenty carbon atoms, alkyl vinyl sulphones in which the alkyl portion contains no more than eighteen carbon atoms, N-vinylalkyleneureas containing from five to twelve carbon atoms, and N-vinyl-N1-aminoalkylalkylene ureas containing from seven to twenty carbon atoms. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 820,120.ALSO:Graft copolymers are prepared by exposing a mixture of a poly(alkylacrylate), in which the alkyl portion contains no more than 18 carbon atoms, and a monomer to high energy radiation (see Group IV(a)). They may be used as additives to wax-containing lubricating oils, fuel oils and diesel fuel. The monomer is chosen from certain alkyl or cycloalkyl acrylates or methacrylates, acrylonitrile, acrylic acid, styrene, ring-substituted styrenes, hydroxy-substituted alkyl or cycloalkylvinyl ethers, alkanamidoalkyl vinyl ethers, vinyl alkyl sulphides, hydroxy-substituted alkyl vinyl sulphides, dialkylaminoalkyl vinyl sulphides, alkyl vinylsulphides wherein the alkyl group carries a heterocyclic nitrogen-containing substituent, N-vinyl lactams, alkyl-substituted N-vinyl lactams, alkyl vinyl sulphone, N-vinyl-alkylene ureas and N-vinyl-N1-amino-alkyl-alkylene ureas. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 820,120.