High speed electron tunneling devices

    公开(公告)号:US07105852B2

    公开(公告)日:2006-09-12

    申请号:US10877874

    申请日:2004-06-26

    IPC分类号: H01L29/06

    摘要: A detector includes a voltage source for providing a bias voltage and first and second non-insulating layers, which are spaced apart such that the bias voltage can be applied therebetween and form an antenna for receiving electromagnetic radiation and directing it to a specific location within the detector. The detector also includes an arrangement serving as a transport of electrons, including tunneling, between and to the first and second non-insulating layers when electromagnetic radiation is received at the antenna. The arrangement includes a first insulating layer and a second layer configured such that using only the first insulating in the arrangement would result in a given value of nonlinearity in the transport of electrons while the inclusion of the second layer increases the nonlinearity above the given value. A portion of the electromagnetic radiation incident on the antenna is converted to an electrical signal at an output.

    Apparatus and methods for extending depth of field in image projection
systems
    7.
    发明授权
    Apparatus and methods for extending depth of field in image projection systems 有权
    用于在图像投影系统中扩展景深的装置和方法

    公开(公告)号:US6069738A

    公开(公告)日:2000-05-30

    申请号:US307644

    申请日:1999-05-07

    摘要: An optical system for providing an in-focus, extended depth of field image on a projection surface includes an encoded mask or light encoder for preceding the light to include object information (or, equivalently, information about the desired image), and an extended depth of field (EDF) mask, for extending the depth of field of the projection system. In addition to including object information, the encoded mask encodes the light from the light source to account for the variations introduced by the EDF mask in extending the depth of field, so that no post processing is required.

    摘要翻译: 用于在投影表面上提供对焦,延伸的景深图像的光学系统包括编码的掩模或光编码器,用于在光之前使光包括对象信息(或等效地,关于期望图像的信息)和扩展深度 的场(EDF)掩模,用于扩展投影系统的景深。 除了包括对象信息之外,编码的掩码对来自光源的光进行编码,以解释EDF掩模在扩展景深时引入的变化,使得不需要后处理。

    Use of antioxidant agents to treat cholestatic liver disease
    8.
    发明授权
    Use of antioxidant agents to treat cholestatic liver disease 失效
    使用抗氧化剂治疗胆汁淤积性肝病

    公开(公告)号:US6069167A

    公开(公告)日:2000-05-30

    申请号:US784247

    申请日:1997-01-15

    申请人: Ronald J. Sokol

    发明人: Ronald J. Sokol

    CPC分类号: A61K33/04

    摘要: The present invention relates to formulations and methods for preventing and treating liver injury and fibrosis in cholestasis. This is accomplished by the administration of a composition which includes selected antioxidants.

    摘要翻译: 本发明涉及预防和治疗胆汁淤积性肝损伤和纤维化的制剂和方法。 这通过施用包含选择的抗氧化剂的组合物来实现。

    Switchable achromatic compound retarder
    9.
    发明授权
    Switchable achromatic compound retarder 失效
    可切换消色差合成缓凝剂

    公开(公告)号:US06046786A

    公开(公告)日:2000-04-04

    申请号:US901837

    申请日:1997-07-28

    摘要: This invention provides achromatic liquid crystal compound retarders, achromatic polarization switches, and achromatic shutters using the liquid crystal compound retarders. It further provides achromatic variable retardance smectic liquid crystal retarders. The compound retarder of this invention comprises a central liquid crystal retarder unit and two external passive retarders positioned in series with and on either side of the liquid crystal retarder unit. The liquid crystal retarder unit comprises either (1) a rotatable smectic liquid crystal half-wave retarder or (2) first and second liquid crystal variable retarders having retardance switchable between zero and half-wave. The external passive retarders are equal in retardance and orientation to each other. Design equations determine the retardance of the external elements and their orientation relative to the central retarder to obtain a particular achromatic retardance for the compound structure.

    摘要翻译: 本发明提供了使用液晶复合阻滞剂的消色差液晶化合物缓凝剂,消色差极化开关和消色差快门。 进一步提供消色差可延迟近晶型液晶延迟器。 本发明的复合缓凝剂包括中央液晶延迟器单元和两个与液晶延迟器单元的任一侧串联设置的外部无源延迟器。 液晶延迟器单元包括(1)可旋转的近晶液晶半波延迟器或(2)可在0和1/2波之间切换的第一和第二液晶可变延迟器。 外部无源延迟器的延迟和取向彼此相等。 设计方程式确定了外部元件的延迟性及其相对于中心延迟器的取向,以获得化合物结构的特定的消色差延迟。