摘要:
A diesel exhaust gas system includes a diesel particulate filter (DPF), a trap for nitrogen oxides (LNT), a hydrocarbon catalytic reformer for generating reformate, and an air supply. A method for controlling the rate of burn of soot in a DPF limits the oxygen percentage in the exhaust to about 6%. The LNT may be located ahead of the DPF in the exhaust line. Reformate is directed with exhaust through the LNT. The second flow of air cools the exhaust gas and thereby prevents overheating of the DPF substrate. The DPF also may be located ahead of the LNT. Reformate is controllably combusted by the second air flow in the DPF, reducing the oxygen percentage to about 6%, thus limiting the rate at which soot in the DPF can burn and thereby preventing overheating of the DPF substrate.
摘要:
A vehicle exhaust aftertreatment system for controlling emissions from an engine includes, in serial order: an exhaust outlet from the engine, an exhaust catalyst assembly that is in fluid communication with the exhaust outlet and includes a first NOx component coupled with a downstream oxidation catalyst, and a second NOx adsorber that is downstream from and in fluid communication with the oxidation catalyst of the exhaust catalyst assembly.
摘要翻译:用于控制来自发动机的排放物的排气后处理系统包括:一系列来自发动机的排气出口,排气催化剂组件,其与排气出口流体连通,并且包括第一NO x 与下游氧化催化剂结合的组分和与废气催化剂组合物的氧化催化剂下游并与其流体连通的第二NO x吸附剂。
摘要:
A NOx abatement system comprising: a first NOx adsorber (18) capable of being disposed in-line and downstream of and in fluid communication with an engine (12); a selective catalytic reduction catalyst (20) disposed in-line and downstream of and in direct fluid communication with the first NOx adsorber (18), wherein the selective catalytic reduction catalyst (20) is capable of storing ammonia; and an off-line reformer (24) disposed in selective communication with and upstream of the first NOx adsorber (18) and the selective catalytic reduction catalyst (20), wherein the reformer (24) is capable of producing a reformate comprising primarily hydrogen and carbon monoxide.
摘要:
In one embodiment, a method of heating an exhaust treatment device can comprise: generating reformate in a reformer, wherein the reformate comprises hydrogen; introducing oxygen to the reformate prior to combining the reformate with another stream; combusting a portion of the reformate and generating an exotherm to form heated reformate; and introducing the heated reformate to the exhaust treatment device. In one embodiment the exhaust system can comprise: a reformer; a reformate conduit disposed in physical communication with a reformate outlet of the reformer; an exhaust treatment device disposed in fluid communication with the reformer; and an oxygen supply disposed in fluid communication with the reformate conduit such that oxygen can be introduced into the reformate conduit upstream of a reformate conduit outlet, wherein the reformate conduit outlet is disposed in physical communication with an exhaust conduit and/or the exhaust treatment device.
摘要:
An exhaust treatment device comprises a shell; a substrate disposed within the shell, the substrate having a catalyst disposed thereon, wherein the catalyst comprises platinum and a protective layer selected from the group consisting of tin oxide, iron oxide, and manganese oxide, and wherein the catalyst is capable of oxidizing greater than or equal to 50 wt. % carbon monoxide present in an exhaust gas stream at temperatures of about 150° C. to about 200° C.
摘要:
A reformer system comprises a reformer catalyst capable of reforming a fuel to hydrogen and carbon monoxide, and a water gas shift catalyst in fluid communication with the reformer catalyst and in fluid communication with an exhaust gas source comprising water, wherein the water gas shift catalyst is capable of reacting carbon monoxide with the water to produce hydrogen and carbon dioxide.
摘要:
A reformer system comprising a conventional hydrocarbon reformer; a controllable fuel supply system; a controllable air supply system; an oxygen sensor disposed downstream of the reformer; and control means for receiving input from the oxygen sensor and setting the flow values for fuel and air. During start-up of the reformer, air and fuel are mixed in a stoichiometric ratio, typically about 14.5/1 A/F for a typical alkane fuel, the heat of combustion being maximum at the stoichiometric ratio. The mixture is combusted ahead of the reformer for typically about 20 seconds, and the hot exhaust is passed through the reformer. After the combustion event, combustion is terminated and the A/F ratio is lowered to about 5/1 to allow reforming to occur. Once the desired fuel flow rate for combustion is established it can be stored in computer memory as a starting value for subsequent starting events.
摘要:
Disclosed herein are fuel reformers utilizing dew point plateau process control and methods of using the same. In one embodiment the fuel reformer can comprise a mixing zone capable of receiving a fuel mixture, a reforming zone disposed downstream from the mixing zone, an exhaust zone disposed downstream from the in operable communication with the reforming zone, a temperature sensor, and a system controller connected in operable communication with the temperature sensor. The temperature sensor can be disposed in fluid communication with the exhaust zone and capable of measuring a gas temperature of the gas stream, or in fluid communication with the mixing zone and capable of measuring a mixture temperature of the fuel mixture. The system controller can be capable of adjusting an operating variable of the fuel reformer and determining a dew point plateau temperature.
摘要:
An exhaust emission control system can include a reformer a fuel source disposed upstream of and in fluid communication with the reformer, and a NOx adsorber disposed downstream of and in fluid communication with the reformer. The NOx adsorber can include a NOx adsorber catalyst having an acid adsorber disposed on the substrate and a base adsorber disposed over the acid adsorber.
摘要:
In one embodiment, a method of reducing NOx contaminant in an exhaust stream includes: introducing diesel fuel and an oxidant to a reformer to produce a reformer effluent comprising hydrogen and nitrogen, introducing the reformer effluent to a non-thermal plasma reactor to produce ammonia, and introducing an exhaust stream and the ammonia to a SCR catalyst, whereby the NOx contaminant reacts with the ammonia.