Abstract:
The present disclosure identifies pathways and mechanisms to confer production of carbon-based products of interest such as ethanol, ethylene, chemicals, polymers, n-alkanes, isoprenoids, pharmaceutical products or intermediates thereof in photoautotrophic organisms such that these organisms efficiently convert carbon dioxide and light into carbon-based products of interest, and in particular the use of such organisms for the commercial production of ethanol, ethylene, chemicals, polymers, n-alkanes, isoprenoids, pharmaceutical products or intermediates thereof.
Abstract:
A metal substituted hexaaluminate catalyst for reforming hydrocarbon fuels to synthesis gas of the general formula AByAl12-yO19-δ, A being selected from alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and lanthanide metals or mixtures thereof. A dopant or surface modifier selected from a transitions metal, a spinel of an oxygen-ion conductor is incorporated. The dopant may be Ca, Cs, K, La, Sr, Ba, Li, Mg, Ce, Co, Fe, Ir, Rh, Ni, Ru, Cu, Pe, Os, Pd, Cr, Mn, W, Re, Sn, Gd, V, Ti, Ag, Au, and mixtures thereof. The oxygen-ion conductor may be a perovskite selected from M′RhO3, M′PtO3, M′PdO3, M′IrO3, M′RuO3 wherein M′=Mg, Sr, Ba, La, Ca; a spinel selected from MRh2O4, MPt2O4, MPd2O4, MIr2O4, MRu2O4 wherein M=Mg, Sr, Ba, La, Ca and mixtures thereof; a florite is selected from M″O2.
Abstract translation:一种用于将烃燃料重整成通式为AByAl 12-y O 19-δ的合成气的金属取代六铝酸盐催化剂,A选自碱金属,碱土金属和镧系金属或其混合物。 从过渡金属,氧离子导体的尖晶石中掺入掺杂剂或表面改性剂。 掺杂剂可以是Ca,Cs,K,La,Sr,Ba,Li,Mg,Ce,Co,Fe,Ir,Rh,Ni,Ru,Cu,Pe,Os,Pd,Cr,Mn, Sn,Gd,V,Ti,Ag,Au及其混合物。 氧离子导体可以是选自M'RhO3,M'PtO3,M'PdO3,M'IrO3,M'RuO3的钙钛矿,其中M'= Mg,Sr,Ba,La,Ca; 选自MRh 2 O 4,MPt 2 O 4,MP d 2 O 4,MIr 2 O 4,MRu 2 O 4的尖晶石,其中M = Mg,Sr,Ba,La,Ca及其混合物; 选自M“O2的花青石。
Abstract:
A method of catalytically reforming a reactant gas mixture using a pyrochlore catalyst material comprised of one or more pyrochlores having the composition A2-w-xA′wA″xB2-y-zB′yB″zO7-Δ. Distribution of catalytically active metals throughout the structure at the B site creates an active and well dispersed metal locked into place in the crystal structure. This greatly reduces the metal sintering that typically occurs on supported catalysts used in reforming reactions, and reduces deactivation by sulfur and carbon. Further, oxygen mobility may also be enhanced by elemental exchange of promoters at sites in the pyrochlore. The pyrochlore catalyst material may be utilized in catalytic reforming reactions for the conversion of hydrocarbon fuels into synthesis gas (H2+CO) for fuel cells, among other uses.
Abstract:
The present disclosure identifies pathways and mechanisms to confer production of carbon-based products of interest such as ethanol, ethylene, chemicals, polymers, n-alkanes, isoprenoids, pharmaceutical products or intermediates thereof in photoautotrophic organisms such that these organisms efficiently convert carbon dioxide and light into carbon-based products of interest, and in particular the use of such organisms for the commercial production of ethanol, ethylene, chemicals, polymers, alkanes, isoprenoids, pharmaceutical products or intermediates thereof.
Abstract:
A punch press tool for stamping successive multicharacter impressions into a workpiece such as a piece of steel, sheet metal, or other workpiece, includes a guide body in which a stamp driver is slidably mounted for being driven downwardly toward the workpiece by a punch press ram which is a standard part of a high speed commercial punch press. A multicharacter marking stamp is supported at the lower end of the stamp driver for reciprocal movement therewith. The marking stamp includes multicharacter wheels that are rotated automatically during operation for advancing characters in sequence responsive to the movement of a character advancing arm. At least one character stamp operating lever is operatively associated with the punch press tool for articulation responsive to motion imparted to the tool by the ram. The lever has an operating element that is operatively associated with the character advancing arm of the multicharacter stamp for indexing the arm to enable successive characters thereof to be placed in an operating position responsive to a stroke of the punch press ram.
Abstract:
Fluorous-tagged oligonucleotide reagents and an oligonucleotide purification methodology making use thereof, the method comprising: Synthesizing oligonucleotides using oligonucleotide reagents each bearing at least one fluorous group to yield a mixture of synthesis products and reagents, the mixture including at least one target synthesized oligonucleotide bearing at least one fluorous group; passing the mixture through a separation medium having an affinity for the at least one fluorous group so that the target synthesized oligonucleotide bearing at least one fluorous group is adsorbed by the separation medium; washing the separation medium with at least a first solvent to selectively dissociate therefrom substantially all synthesis products and reagents of the heterogenous mixture other than the at least one target synthesized oligonucleotide bearing at least one fluorous group; and subsequently dissociating the at least one synthesized oligonucleotide from the separation medium, with or without the fluorous group.
Abstract:
The invention provides methods and compositions for reducing the number of cancer stem cells in a mixed population of differentiated cells (for example, cancer cells) and cancer stem cells. The cancer stem cells, if present, can be more resistant to traditional drug-based therapies and can provide a source for new, differentiated cancer cells associated with the development of drug-resistance and more aggressive phenotypes. When combined with traditional cancer therapies, for example, drug-based therapies, the methods and compositions of the invention provide a more effective way for treating cancer and can provide a model system for developing new cancer therapies and new treatment modalities.
Abstract:
A myo-inositol derivative: R1, R2, R3 and R4 are identical, being selected from PO3H2, PO3Na2, PO3K2, PO3Li2, PO3Ca, PO3Mg, PO3(NH4)2, PO3(RNH3)2, PO3(R2NH2)2, PO3(R4N)2, PO(OR)2, H, COZ and BHPP, where R is benzyl or alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms and Z is an alkyl or arylalky group providing a cleavable protecting group; R5 is one of H, benzyl, 4-methoxybenzyl, COZ, PO3H2, PO3Na2, PO3K2, PO3Li2, PO3Ca, PO3Mg, PO3(NH4)2, PO3(RNH3)2, PO3(R2NH2)2, PO3(R4N)2, PO(OR)2, and BHPP, where R is benzyl or alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms and Z is an alkyl or arylalky group providing a cleavable protecting group; X is one of CH2, CH2CH2O, and CH2CH2CH2O; n is an integer from 1 to 8; L1 is a single bond or CH2; L2 is one of a single bond, CONH, CH2CONH, CH2CH2CONH, CH2CH2NHCO, CH2CH2NHCONH, CH2CH2NHCSNH, CH2CH2NHSO2, CH2CH2CH2NHCO, CH2CH2CH2NHCONH, CH2CH2CH2NHCSNH, CH2CH2CH2NHSO2, NHCO, NHCONH, NHCSNH, OCONH, CH2, CH2CH2, CH2CH2O, CH2CH2S, CH2CH2NH, CH2CH2CH2, CH2CH2CH2O, CH2CH2CH2S, CH2CH2CH2NH, and NH—SO2; and R6 is a UV-visible chromophore, a UV-chromophore, a fluorescent moiety, or a radiolabeled moiety.
Abstract:
The invention provides a method and apparatus for producing a synthesis gas from a variety of hydrocarbons. The apparatus (device) consists of a semi-batch, non-constant volume reactor to generate a synthesis gas. While the apparatus feeds mixtures of air, steam, and hydrocarbons into a cylinder where work is performed on the fluid by a piston to adiabatically raise its temperature without heat transfer from an external source.
Abstract:
Square-planar four-coordinate complexes of cis-platinum(II) with neutral bidentate aminoalkyl-substituted cycloalkylamine ligands and bromo-, chloro-, iodo-, nitrato-, oxalato-, or malanato-ligands possess antimicrobial activity as well as activity against transplanted L1210 and P388 murine leukemia cell lines.