Abstract:
A method of modifying a sample surface layer in the vacuum chamber of a particle-optical apparatus, the method performed in vacuum, the method comprising: Providing the microscopic sample attached to a manipulator, Providing a first liquid at a first (controlled) temperature, Dipping the sample in the first liquid, thereby causing a sample surface modification, Removing the sample from the first liquid, Providing a second liquid at a second (controlled) temperature, Dipping the sample in the second liquid, and Removing the sample from the second liquid. This enables the wet processing of a sample in-situ, thereby enhancing speed and/or avoiding subsequent alteration/contamination of the sample, such as oxidation, etc. The method is particularly useful for etching a lamella after machining the lamella with a (gallium) FIB to remove the surface layer where gallium implantation occurred, or where the crystal lattice is disturbed.
Abstract:
Methods and apparatus determine offcut angle of a crystalline sample using electron channeling patterns (ECPs), wherein backscattered electron intensity exhibits angular variation dependent on crystal orientation. A zone axis normal to a given crystal plane follows a circle as the sample is azimuthally rotated. On an ECP image presented with tilt angles as axes, the radius of the circle is the offcut angle of the sample. Large offcut angles are determined by a tilt technique that brings the zone axis into the ECP field of view. ECPs are produced with a scanning electron beam and a monolithic backscattered electron detector; or alternatively with a stationary electron beam and a pixelated electron backscatter diffraction detector. Applications include strain engineering, process monitoring, detecting spatial variations, and incoming wafer inspection. Methods are 40× faster than X-ray diffraction. 0.01-0.1° accuracy enables semiconductor applications.
Abstract:
A method of modifying a sample surface layer in the vacuum chamber of a particle-optical apparatus, the method performed in vacuum, the method comprising: Providing the microscopic sample attached to a manipulator, Providing a first liquid at a first (controlled) temperature, Dipping the sample in the first liquid, thereby causing a sample surface modification, Removing the sample from the first liquid, Providing a second liquid at a second (controlled) temperature, Dipping the sample in the second liquid, and Removing the sample from the second liquid. This enables the wet processing of a sample in-situ, thereby enhancing speed and/or avoiding subsequent alteration/contamination of the sample, such as oxidation, etc. The method is particularly useful for etching a lamella after machining the lamella with a (gallium) FIB to remove the surface layer where gallium implantation occurred, or where the crystal lattice is disturbed.
Abstract:
Systems and methods for pre-aligning samples for more efficient processing of multiple samples with a BIB system according to the present invention comprises affixing a sample to an adjustable portion of a sample holder, nesting the sample holder with a first mask having a first mask edge, wherein the first mask is positioned outside of a BIB system, and aligning the sample such that it has a desired geometric relationship to the first mask edge. The first mask may be geometrically similar with a second mask within the BIB system that has a second mask edge such that the geometric relationship between the first mask edge and the sample when the sample holder is nested with the first mask is the same as the geometric relationship between the second mask edge and the sample when the sample holder is nested with the second mask.
Abstract:
A lamella for observation on a transmission electron microscope and other analytical instruments includes multiple thin regions separated by thicker regions or ribs. In some embodiments, the lamella can be wider than 50 μm with more than 10 multiple thin regions, with each thin region may being as thin as 10 nm or even thinner. The process for making such lamellae lends itself to automation. The process is fault tolerant in that not all of the multiple thin regions need to be useable as long as one region provides a useful image. Redeposition is reduced because ion beam imaging is reduced in the automated process and because the ribs reduce redeposition between regions.
Abstract:
Methods include providing a multi-pillar sample including at least a first pillar and a second pillar parallel with the first pillar, directing a charged particle beam to the first pillar, imaging the first pillar at a plurality of rotational positions by rotating the multi-pillar sample about a first pillar axis of the first pillar, directing the charged particle beam to the second pillar, and imaging the second pillar at a plurality of rotational positions by rotating the multi-pillar sample about a second pillar axis of the second pillar. Related apparatus for performing disclosed methods are disclosed. Multi-pillar samples are also disclosed.
Abstract:
Methods include providing a multi-pillar sample including at least a first pillar and a second pillar parallel with the first pillar, directing a charged particle beam to the first pillar, imaging the first pillar at a plurality of rotational positions by rotating the multi-pillar sample about a first pillar axis of the first pillar, directing the charged particle beam to the second pillar, and imaging the second pillar at a plurality of rotational positions by rotating the multi-pillar sample about a second pillar axis of the second pillar. Related apparatus for performing disclosed methods are disclosed. Multi-pillar samples are also disclosed.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method of determining the thickness of a sample. According to this method, a diffraction pattern image of a sample of a first material is obtained. Said diffraction pattern image comprises at least image values representative for the diffraction pattern obtained for said sample. A slope of said image values is then determined. The slope is compared to a relation between the thickness of said first material and the slope of image value of a corresponding diffraction pattern image of said first material. The determined slope and said relation are used to determine the thickness of said sample.
Abstract:
A specimen holder for a Charged Particle Microscope, comprising: A support structure; An elongated member, a first end of which is connected to said support structure and the second end of which comprises a specimen mounting zone, the member having a longitudinal axis that extends along its length between said first and second ends, wherein said specimen mounting zone comprises: A rotor that is rotatable about a transverse axis extending substantially perpendicular to said longitudinal axis; A paddle connected to said rotor so as to be rotatable about said transverse axis, the paddle comprising a specimen mounting area; Driving means connected to said rotor, which can be invoked to rotate said paddle through a rotational range that allows the paddle to be inverted relative to an initial orientation thereof.
Abstract:
Methods and apparatus determine offcut angle of a crystalline sample using electron channeling patterns (ECPs), wherein backscattered electron intensity exhibits angular variation dependent on crystal orientation. A zone axis normal to a given crystal plane follows a circle as the sample is azimuthally rotated. On an ECP image presented with tilt angles as axes, the radius of the circle is the offcut angle of the sample. Large offcut angles are determined by a tilt technique that brings the zone axis into the ECP field of view. ECPs are produced with a scanning electron beam and a monolithic backscattered electron detector; or alternatively with a stationary electron beam and a pixelated electron backscatter diffraction detector. Applications include strain engineering, process monitoring, detecting spatial variations, and incoming wafer inspection. Methods are 40× faster than X-ray diffraction. 0.01-0.1° accuracy enables semiconductor applications.