摘要:
A cylinder portion configured such that a recess (depression) is formed on an upper edge portion of an inner wall of the cylinder portion to prevent the formation of choke between the inner wall and a side edge of a valve umbrella of an exhaust valve, the recess being formed by depressing the inner wall, and the exhaust valve configured such that a cross section of a head portion of the valve umbrella tapers from an outer peripheral edge of the valve umbrella toward a top of the valve umbrella are included.
摘要:
A method for producing a ferroelectric thin film comprising: coating a composition for forming a ferroelectric thin film on a base electrode of a substrate having a substrate body and the base electrode that has crystal faces oriented in the (111) direction, calcining the coated composition, and subsequently performing firing the coated composition to crystallize the coated composition, and thereby forming a ferroelectric thin film on the base electrode, wherein the method includes formation of an orientation controlling layer by coating the composition on the base electrode, calcining the coated composition, and firing the coated composition, where an amount of the composition coated on the base electrode is controlled such that a thickness of the orientation controlling layer after crystallization is in a range of 35 nm to 150 nm, and thereby controlling the preferential crystal orientation of the orientation controlling layer in the (100) plane.
摘要:
A thin film capacitor is characterized by forming a lower electrode, coating a composition onto the lower electrode without applying an annealing process having a temperature of greater than 300° C., drying at a predetermined temperature within a range from ambient temperature to 500° C., and calcining at a predetermined temperature within a range of 500 to 800° C. and higher than a drying temperature. The process from coating to calcining is performed the process from coating to calcining once or at least twice, or the process from coating to drying is performed at least twice, and then calcining is performed once. The thickness of the dielectric thin film formed after the first calcining is 20 to 600 nm. The ratio of the thickness of the lower electrode and the thickness of the dielectric thin film formed after the initial calcining step (thickness of lower electrode/thickness of the dielectric thin film) is preferably in the range 0.10 to 15.0.
摘要:
A development method according to an embodiment includes exposing a photosensitive film formed on a substrate at a predetermined exposure amount, carrying out a first development process that develops the exposed photosensitive film at a predetermined first development condition so as to leave the photosensitive film, obtaining a sensitivity information of the photosensitive film from a film thickness reduction of the photosensitive film developed by the first development process and the exposure amount, predicting pattern dimensions of multiple types of patterns to be formed when a second development process is carried out following the first development process from the sensitivity information, and determining a first acceptable range of a development condition in the second development process, determining a second acceptable range of the development condition in the second development process from the first acceptable range and a variation amount of the pattern dimension after the development process between the multiple types of patterns and determining a second development condition in the second development process so as to satisfy both of the first and second acceptable ranges.
摘要:
A printed item contact member 54 according to the present invention includes: a base material 50; a fixing layer 52 that is formed on the surface of the base material 50 and substantially spherical particles 51 are fixed thereto; and a remarkably thin low-surface-tension coating layer 53 that covers the surface of the fixing layer 52 having the substantially spherical particles 51 fixed thereto and that exhibits release properties with respect to a printed item. The printed item contact member exhibits high ink repellency while maintaining the micro-uneven surface structure and is free from adhesion of yarn waste or dust to the member during cleaning, and therefore can be suitably used as, for example, a member for printing device in contact with the surface of printing paper.
摘要:
A developing method comprises determining in advance the relation of resist dissolution concentration in a developing solution and resist dissolution speed by the developing solution, estimating in advance the resist dissolution concentration where the resist dissolution speed is a desired speed or more from the relation, and developing in a state in which the resist dissolution concentration in the developing solution is the estimated dissolution concentration or less.
摘要:
A developing method comprises determining in advance the relation of resist dissolution concentration in a developing solution and resist dissolution speed by the developing solution, estimating in advance the resist dissolution concentration where the resist dissolution speed is a desired speed or more from the relation, and developing in a state in which the resist dissolution concentration in the developing solution is the estimated dissolution concentration or less.
摘要:
A printing press, and an apparatus and a process for regenerating a printing plate can repetitiously reuse the same printing plate and shorten time for decomposition of image areas formed by a hydrophobic organic compound under irradiation with activating light to delete the image areas. A process for regenerating a printing plate including a photosensitive layer, formed on the surface of a substrate, having a photocatalyst exhibits hydrophilicity responsive to activating light having energy higher than the photocatalyst's band-gap energy, and one or more hydrophobic image areas, formed on the surface of the photosensitive layer and operable to hold ink, comprises the steps of: removing ink remaining on the printing plate; hydrophilizing the surface of the printing plate by irradiating with the activating light and by heating the printing plate to delete the hydrophobic image areas; and applying an organic compound onto the printing plate.
摘要:
A coating fluid for printing plates which can be suitably used to make printing plates that permit images to be written in response to input digital data and that can be easily regenerated and reused. This coating fluid for. printing plates comprises at least a carrier liquid, thermoplastic resin particles and an IR absorber, and the IR absorber has a decomposition starting temperature higher than the melt starting temperature of the thermoplastic resin particles.