公开(公告)号：US06254753B1

公开(公告)日：2001-07-03

申请号：US09395313

申请日：1999-09-13

Applicant: Leon Mir

Inventor： Leon Mir

IPC: C02F1469

CPC classification number: C02F1/4695 ,  B01D61/48 ,  B01J47/08 ,  C02F1/42 ,  C02F1/4604 ,  C02F2201/46115

Abstract: Electrodeionization apparatus for purifying water includes a cathode, an anode, and a plurality of alternating anion permeable membranes and cation permeable membranes between the cathode and anode that define concentrating and diluting flow channels between adjacent pairs of membranes. Each concentrating flow channel includes a first guard channel adjacent to the anion permeable membrane, a second guard channel adjacent to the cation permeable membrane, and a brine channel between the first and second guard channels. The first and second guard channels have water with lower concentration of dissolved ions than water in the brine channel so as limit parasitic transfer from a concentrating flow channel to a diluting flow channel.

Abstract translation: 用于净化水的电离电离装置包括阴极，阳极和阴极和阳极之间的多个交替阴离子渗透膜和阳离子可渗透膜，其限定相邻膜对之间的浓缩和稀释流动通道。 每个浓缩流动通道包括与阴离子可渗透膜相邻的第一保护通道，与阳离子可渗透膜相邻的第二保护通道，以及在第一和第二保护通道之间的盐水通道。 第一和第二保护通道在盐水通道中具有比水更低的溶解离子浓度的水，从而限制从浓缩流动通道到稀释流动通道的寄生传递。

公开(公告)号：US06248226B1

公开(公告)日：2001-06-19

申请号：US09194780

申请日：1999-02-23

Applicant: Yasutaka Shinmei ,  Minoru Kakuda

Inventor： Yasutaka Shinmei ,  Minoru Kakuda

IPC: B01D6144

CPC classification number: C02F1/4695 ,  B01D61/48 ,  B01J47/08 ,  C02F1/42 ,  C02F1/4604 ,  C02F2103/04 ,  C02F2201/4611 ,  C02F2201/46115

Abstract: In producing deionized water by electrodeionization according to the present invention, feed water and concentrating water are flowed into the ion depletion compartments and the concentration compartments, respectively, in such a way that the current direction of feed water being fed into the ion depletion compartments is opposite to the current direction of concentrating water being fed into the concentration compartments. Further, feed water flowed into each ion depletion compartment is first passed through an anion exchange material layer, and subsequently passed through other ion exchange material layer(s). The migration of anions into the concentration compartments is promoted in the portions of such anion exchange material layers through which feed water is first passed. As a result, the silica removal rate is improved.

Abstract translation: 在根据本发明通过电去离子生产去离子水时，给水和浓缩水分别流入离子消耗隔间和浓缩隔室，使得供给到离子消耗隔间的进料水的当前方向为 与当前浓缩水的方向相反，水被供给到浓缩室中。 此外，流入每个离子消耗室的进料水首先通过阴离子交换材料层，随后通过其它离子交换材料层。 在阴离子交换材料层的首先通过给水的部分促进阴离子进入浓缩室的迁移。 结果，二氧化硅去除率提高。

公开(公告)号：US6024850A

公开(公告)日：2000-02-15

申请号：US815371

申请日：1997-03-10

Applicant: Richard L. Sampson ,  Allison H. Sampson

Inventor： Richard L. Sampson ,  Allison H. Sampson

IPC: B01D61/48 ,  B01J47/08 ,  B01J49/00 ,  C02F1/42 ,  C02F1/461 ,  C02F1/467 ,  C25B13/00

CPC classification number: B01J49/0052 ,  B01D61/48 ,  B01J47/08 ,  C02F1/46114 ,  C02F1/4618 ,  C02F1/4672 ,  C02F1/4674 ,  C02F1/42 ,  C02F1/4676 ,  C02F1/4695 ,  C02F2001/46138 ,  C02F2001/46161 ,  C02F2103/023 ,  C02F2103/42 ,  C02F2201/46115 ,  C02F2201/4613 ,  C02F2201/46145 ,  C02F2201/4617 ,  C02F2303/04

Abstract: Ion exchange materials, as particulate and membranes, are modified by permanently attaching counter ions to a portion of the ion exchange sites. The permanent attachment of the counter ions forms semiconductor junctions which act as mini anodes, or cathodes, to significantly increase the ability to oxidize or reduce a species to be treated, or split water, in an electrolytic reactor. The non-converted transfer sites in the ion exchange material also significantly increase the mobility of the ionic species in the electrolyte. The ion exchange material may be a monobed of either modified anion exchange material or modified cation exchange material, or a suitable mixed bed of both, depending upon the application. When the anode is in direct contact with a modified cation exchange material and under the influence of direct current, free radical hydroxyl and regenerant hydrogen are formed. When the cathode is in direct contact with a modified anion exchange material and under the influence of direct current, free radical hydrogen and regenerant hydroxyl are formed. Alternatively, the modified ion exchange material can be separated from both the anode and the cathode, and regenerant hydrogen and hydroxyl are produced at the semiconductor junctions.

Abstract translation: 作为颗粒和膜的离子交换材料通过将抗衡离子永久地附着到一部分离子交换位点而被修饰。 抗衡离子的永久附着形成用作微型阳极或阴极的半导体结，以显着增加在电解反应器中氧化或还原待处理物质或裂解水的能力。 离子交换材料中未转化的转移位点也显着增加了电解质中离子物质的迁移率。 取决于应用，离子交换材料可以是改性阴离子交换材料或改性阳离子交换材料或两者的合适混合床的单支。 当阳极与改性阳离子交换材料直接接触并在直流电的影响下，形成自由基羟基和再生氢。 当阴极与改性阴离子交换材料直接接触时，在直流影响下，形成自由基氢和再生羟基。 或者，改性离子交换材料可以从阳极和阴极两者分离出来，在半导体结处产生再生氢和羟基。

公开(公告)号：US5948230A

公开(公告)日：1999-09-07

申请号：US119137

申请日：1998-07-20

Applicant: Wayne A. McRae

Inventor： Wayne A. McRae

IPC: A23C9/144 ,  B01D61/44 ,  B01D61/46 ,  B01D61/48 ,  B01D61/58 ,  B01J47/08 ,  C01B11/04 ,  C01B11/06 ,  C02F1/42 ,  C02F1/44 ,  C02F1/467 ,  C02F1/469 ,  C02F9/00

CPC classification number: A23C9/144 ,  B01D61/44 ,  B01D61/48 ,  B01D61/58 ,  B01J47/08 ,  C01B11/04 ,  C01B11/06 ,  C02F1/441 ,  C02F1/469 ,  B01D61/025 ,  B01D61/027 ,  B01D61/145 ,  B01D61/147 ,  B01D61/422 ,  C02F1/42 ,  C02F1/44 ,  C02F1/4674 ,  C02F1/4693 ,  C02F1/4695 ,  C02F2101/163 ,  C02F2201/46115 ,  C02F9/00

Abstract: Improved electrodialysis (ED) stacks are disclosed having one or more components selected from the group:a) cation exchange membranes having ion exchange groups predominantly sulfonic acid groups and a minor amount of weakly acidic and/or weakly basic groups or membranes which are selective to monovalent cations and simultaneously therewith, cation exchange granules selective to monovalent cations as packing in the dilute compartments;b) anion exchange membranes having as ion exchange groups only quaternary ammonium and/or quaternary phosphonium groups and substantially no primary, secondary and/or tertiary amine and/or phosphine groups or membranes which are selective to monovalent anions simultaneously therewith, anion exchange granules selective to monovalent anions as packing in the dilute compartments;c) as packing in the dilute compartment, anion exchange granules which are selective to monovalent anions, or cation exchange granules which are selective to monovalent cations, or cation exchange granules having as exchange groups a predominant amount of sulfonic acid groups and a minor amount of weakly acidic and/or weakly basic groups, or anion exchange granules consisting of organic polymers having as anion exchange groups only quaternary ammonium and/or quaternary phosphonium groups and almost no primary, secondary and/or tertiary amine and/or phosphine groups.

Abstract translation: 公开了改进的电渗析（ED）堆叠，其具有一个或多个选自以下的组分：a）具有主要为磺酸基团的离子交换基团和少量弱酸性和/或弱碱性基团或膜的阳离子交换膜， 一价阳离子，同时具有选择性的阳离子交换颗粒，作为填充在稀室中的一价阳离子; b）具有作为离子交换基团的离子交换基团的阴离子交换膜仅具有季铵和/或季鏻基团，并且基本上不具有与单价阴离子同时选择性的伯，仲和/或叔胺和/或膦基或膜，阴离子交换颗粒选择性 作为包装在稀释室中的单价阴离子; c）作为稀释室中的填料，对单价阴离子有选择性的阴离子交换颗粒，或对一价阳离子有选择性的阳离子交换颗粒，或具有主要量的磺酸基和交替基团的阳离子交换颗粒， 弱酸性和/或弱碱性基团或由具有阴离子交换基团的有机聚合物组成的阴离子交换颗粒仅为季铵和/或季鏻基团，并且几乎不具有伯，仲和/或叔胺和/或膦基团。

公开(公告)号：US5830362A

公开(公告)日：1998-11-03

申请号：US699860

申请日：1996-08-20

Applicant: Olivier Leclerc

Inventor： Olivier Leclerc

IPC: C07D333/16 ,  B01J45/00 ,  B01J47/08 ,  C07D207/32 ,  C07D207/325 ,  C07D207/333 ,  C07D333/34 ,  C07D333/38 ,  C07D498/22 ,  C08G61/12 ,  C08G65/32 ,  C08G65/333 ,  C08L71/02 ,  C08L79/04 ,  C25B3/00 ,  C02F1/62 ,  C08F116/12 ,  C08F126/06 ,  C08F128/06

CPC classification number: C07D207/325 ,  B01J45/00 ,  B01J47/08 ,  C08G61/123 ,  C08G65/33317 ,  C08L71/02 ,  C08L79/04 ,  Y02P20/55 ,  Y10S210/912

Abstract: It concerns a monomer, a polymer obtained from the monomer and a process for obtaining the said polymer. The monomer consists of a polyether containing at least 3 ether units and pyrrole or thiophene units bonded to the ends of the chains of this polyether via, for each of these heterocycic compounds, either their carbon atoms in the 3,3'-positions of their heterocycles or, as regards more particularly the pyrrole groups, via their respective nitrogen atoms, the 2- and 2'-positions of these heterocycles being, however, free of all substitutions or, at the very most, substituted by easily removable groups (protective groups, for example). Application to the purification and recovery of metal ions such as radioactive silver.

Abstract translation: 它涉及单体，从单体获得的聚合物和获得所述聚合物的方法。 单体由含有至少3个醚单元的聚醚和与该聚醚的链末端键合的吡咯或噻吩单元组成，对于这些杂环化合物中的每一个，它们的3,3'位的碳原子 或者更具体地说是吡咯基团，通过它们各自的氮原子，这些杂环的2位和2位不过是全部取代，或者最多被易于除去的基团取代（保护性 组）。 应用于金属离子如放射性银的纯化和回收。

公开(公告)号：US5766442A

公开(公告)日：1998-06-16

申请号：US829614

申请日：1997-03-31

Applicant: Nevill John Bridger ,  Andrew Derek Turner

Inventor： Nevill John Bridger ,  Andrew Derek Turner

IPC: C02F1/42 ,  B01J47/06 ,  B01J47/08 ,  B01J49/00 ,  C25B11/00 ,  C25B11/03 ,  C25B11/04 ,  C25B15/08 ,  G01N27/30 ,  G01N27/38 ,  H02G1/08

CPC classification number: B01J47/08 ,  B01J49/0052

Abstract: An electrode for use in electrochemical ion exchange which includes a hydrolysable metal phosphate such as zirconium phosphate (Zr(HPO.sub.4).sub.2) which has been hydrolysed at least in part is regenerated. The electrode is made the anode of an electrochemical cell in which the electrolyte is an aqueous solution containing one or more phosphate ions provided, for example, by a dissolved salt (eg Na.sub.3 PO.sub.4, Na.sub.2 HPO.sub.4 or NaH.sub.2 PO.sub.4) or orthophosphoric acid, or both. Preferably, the electrolyte is acidic (eg pH 2). Operation of the cell reverses the hydrolysis reaction and enhances the performance of the electrode.

Abstract translation: 用于电化学离子交换的电极，其包括至少部分被水解的可水解金属磷酸盐如磷酸锆（Zr（HPO 4）2）。 电极被制成电化学电池的阳极，其中电解质是含有例如由溶解的盐（例如Na 3 PO 4，Na 2 HPO 4或NaH 2 PO 4）或正磷酸或两者提供的一种或多种磷酸根离子的水溶液。 优选地，电解质是酸性的（例如pH 2）。 电池的操作反转水解反应并提高电极的性能。

公开(公告)号：US5748437A

公开(公告)日：1998-05-05

申请号：US653832

申请日：1996-05-28

Applicant: Marc D. Andelman

Inventor： Marc D. Andelman

IPC: B01D15/08 ,  B01D15/00 ,  B01J47/08 ,  C02F1/00 ,  C02F1/46 ,  C02F1/469 ,  G01N30/02 ,  G01N30/38 ,  G01N30/50 ,  G01N30/60 ,  G01N30/80 ,  G01N30/96 ,  H01G4/35

CPC classification number: G01N30/6069 ,  B01D15/36 ,  B01D15/3885 ,  B01J47/08 ,  C02F1/4691 ,  G01N30/50 ,  G01N30/96 ,  C02F2301/024 ,  G01N2030/027 ,  G01N2030/965 ,  G01N30/02 ,  G01N30/38 ,  G01N30/60 ,  G01N30/6043 ,  G01N30/6091 ,  G01N30/6095 ,  G01N30/80

Abstract: A flow-through capacitor and a controlled charge chromatography column system using the capacitor for the purification of a fluid-containing material, which column comprises an inlet for a fluid to be purified and an outlet for the discharge of the purified fluid, and a flow-through capacitor disposed within the column. The flow-through capacitor comprises a plurality of spirally-wound, stacked washer or rods to include a first electrically conductive backing layer, such as of graphite, and a first high surface area conductive layer secured to one side of the backing layer, such as carbon fibers, and a second high surface area conductive layer secured to the opposite side of the backing layer, the high surface area material layers arranged to face each other and separated by a nonconductive, ion-permeable spacer layer to insulate electrically the backing and conductive layer. The system includes a DC power source to charge the respective conductive layers with different polarities whereby a fluid-containing material passing through the column is purified by the electrically conductive, high surface area stationary phase and the retention thereof onto the high surface area layer and permitting, for example, the purification of aqueous solutions of liquids, such as salt, and providing for the recovery of a purified liquid.

Abstract translation: 一种流通电容器和使用电容器的受控电荷色谱柱系统，用于净化含流体的材料，该柱包括用于待净化的流体的入口和用于排出纯化流体的出口， 通过电容器设置在该列内。 流通电容器包括多个螺旋卷绕的层叠的垫圈或杆，以包括第一导电背衬层，例如石墨，以及固定到背衬层的一侧的第一高表面积导电层，例如 碳纤维和固定到背衬层的相对侧的第二高表面积导电层，高表面积材料层布置为彼此面对并由不导电的离子可渗透间隔层隔开，以使背衬和导电 层。 该系统包括一个直流电源，用于以不同的极性对相应的导电层进行充电，由此通过该柱的含流体的材料被导电的高表面积固定相净化，并将其保留在高表面积层上并允许 例如，纯化诸如盐的液体的水溶液，并提供回收纯化液体。

公开(公告)号：US5738775A

公开(公告)日：1998-04-14

申请号：US870993

申请日：1997-06-06

Applicant: Hiroshi Nagai ,  Syu Nakanishi ,  Kunio Fujiwara ,  Takanobu Sugo

Inventor： Hiroshi Nagai ,  Syu Nakanishi ,  Kunio Fujiwara ,  Takanobu Sugo

IPC: B01D61/46 ,  B01D61/48 ,  B01J43/00 ,  B01J47/08 ,  B01J49/00 ,  C02F1/469 ,  B01D61/44

CPC classification number: B01D61/48 ,  B01J47/08 ,  B01J49/0052

Abstract: Electrically regenerable desalting apparatus having the desalting compartment packed with ion exchangers produced by utilizing radiation-initiated graft polymerization, in which said ion exchangers are nonwoven fabrics in the form of a fiber assembly and a cation exchanger and an anion exchanger are disposed in a face-to-face relationship, with a porous material being interposed between the two ion exchangers. Having the ability to reject ions from liquids, the apparatus is particularly suited to the production of pure water in the electrical power generating industries (including the nuclear industry), electronic industry and the pharmaceuticals manufacturing industry, as well as to the desalting of thick fluids encountered in food and chemical manufacturing processes.

Abstract translation: 具有装有通过利用辐射引发的接枝聚合产生的离子交换剂的脱盐室的电可再生脱盐装置，其中所述离子交换剂是纤维组件和阳离子交换剂和阴离子交换剂形式的非织造织物， 在两个离子交换器之间插入多孔材料。 该设备具有排除液体中的离子的能力，特别适用于发电行业（包括核工业），电子工业和制药工业中纯水的生产，以及对厚液体的脱盐 在食品和化学制造过程中遇到。

公开(公告)号：US5736023A

公开(公告)日：1998-04-07

申请号：US517075

申请日：1995-08-18

Applicant: Christopher J. Gallagher ,  Frederick Wilkins ,  Gary C. Ganzi

Inventor： Christopher J. Gallagher ,  Frederick Wilkins ,  Gary C. Ganzi

IPC: B01D61/44 ,  B01D61/48 ,  B01D61/50 ,  B01D61/52 ,  B01D61/54 ,  B01J47/08 ,  C02F1/42 ,  C02F1/469

CPC classification number: C02F1/4695 ,  B01D61/48 ,  B01D61/50 ,  B01D61/52 ,  B01J47/08 ,  C02F1/42 ,  C02F2201/46115 ,  C02F2201/4613 ,  C02F2201/4615

Abstract: Electrodeionization apparatus having a novel polarity reversal protocol designed to provide continuous, high-quality product fluid is described. The protocol involves substitution of a recirculating fluid stream established in an ion-concentrating compartment by a fluid stream having a lower ionic concentration, while maintaining fluid flow through an adjacent ion-depleting compartment. A method and protocol for modifying the ionic makeup of compartment ion exchange material and fluids are also provided. A flow reversal protocol is also provided, during which high-quality fluid product is recovered from the inventive apparatus. The polarity reversal protocol and flow reversal protocol may each be effected separately, or the flow reversal may be introduced into the sequence of the polarity reversal protocol. The inventive electrodeionization apparatus is arranged in a novel cell pair grouping configuration and oriented such that fluid flow through an ion-concentrating compartment is in a substantially upward direction, facilitating efficient removal of gas generated in the ion-concentrating compartment.

公开(公告)号：US5681438A

公开(公告)日：1997-10-28

申请号：US656138

申请日：1996-05-31

Applicant: Andrew G. Proulx

Inventor： Andrew G. Proulx

IPC: B01D63/00 ,  B01D61/48 ,  B01D61/50 ,  B01D63/08 ,  B01D65/00 ,  B01J47/08 ,  B01D61/44

CPC classification number: B01J47/08 ,  B01D61/48 ,  B01D61/50 ,  B01D65/003

Abstract: A membrane module in which non-porous membranes are bonded to spacer elements, which elements are in turn bonded to each other to create a membrane support zone as a result of contact with the surface of the membrane opposite the surface to which the membrane is bonded. The membrane is restrained from peeling from the membrane bond by the support zone under opposing pressure as may be caused by fluid flowing past the membrane. The preferred use of such a membrane module is for continuous electrodeionization processes.

Abstract translation: 一种膜组件，其中无孔膜与隔离元件结合，该元件依次结合在一起，以形成膜支撑区，这是由于与膜粘合的表面相对的表面接触 。 通过流体流过膜可能引起的相反的压力下，膜被膜片粘结被膜结合剥离。 这种膜组件的优选用途是用于连续去电工艺。