摘要:
Disclosed herein is a method which provides substantially zero acid number polytetramethylene ether glycol thus making it possible to regard polytetramethylene ether glycol as a fungible commodity. The improvement is achieved by complete removal of a trace impurity, believed to be n-butyl aldehyde, from dry tetrahydrofuran, by contact with molecular sieves of a particular definition, prior to the polymerization of the tetrahydrofuran in the production of polytetramethylene ether glycol.
摘要:
A hydraulic control apparatus of an automatic transmission having engagement pressure solenoid valves configured to regulate an engagement pressure supplied to a hydraulic servo of a frictional engagement element and to output the engagement pressures from a predetermined number of the engagement pressure solenoid valves to establish respective transmission gear speeds. The hydraulic control apparatus includes a simultaneous engagement signal switch valve configured to be switched from a non-output position where an output of a simultaneous engagement signal pressure is not produced to an output position where an output of the simultaneous engagement signal pressure is produced upon receipt of an input of the engagement pressures by a number larger than the predetermined number of valves; and an original pressure switch valve configured to be switched from a supply position where an original pressure is supplied to the engagement pressure solenoid valves to a blocked position where the original pressure is blocked upon receipt of an input of the simultaneous engagement signal pressure from the simultaneous engagement signal switch valve.
摘要:
A shift control apparatus for controlling shifting actions of an automatic transmission including a hydraulically operated frictional coupling device having a hydraulic cylinder which is supplied with a working fluid when the frictional coupling device is engaged, the shift control apparatus including a transient-hydraulic-pressure control device operable to control a transient value of a hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic cylinder according to an electric signal, upon releasing of the frictional coupling device, and an accumulator having a back-pressure chamber a back pressure of which is controllable, and an accumulator chamber connected to the hydraulic cylinder of the frictional coupling device and operable to control a transient value of the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic cylinder, when the frictional coupling device is engaged with the working fluid being supplied to the hydraulic cylinder, and a back-pressure increasing portion operable to increase the back pressure in the back-pressure chamber of the accumulator for rapidly discharging the working fluid from the accumulator chamber, when the frictional coupling device is released to effect one of the shifting actions of the automatic transmission.
摘要:
A vehicular automatic shift control unit for executing a cooperative shift control (an upshift inhibition and a downshift) of an automatic transmission based on an information associated with a road condition around a vehicle or a road condition in front of the vehicle, is provided with judging means for judging whether a vehicle exists in a predetermined area including a branch point of the road during execution of the cooperative shift control, and gear ratio maintaining control means for maintaining a gear ratio of the automatic transmission if it is judged that the vehicle exists in the predetermined area.
摘要:
A method and apparatus of controlling a synchronous motor having a rotor, and a stator which produces a magnetic flux for rotating the rotor about an axis thereof, the method including the steps of detecting an angular position and a rotating speed of the rotor; estimating a phase difference between a voltage and an electric current of the synchronous motor, on the basis of the detected rotating speed of the rotor; and adjusting an advance angle of the rotor upon excitation of the synchronous motor, as a result of comparison of the detected rotating speed of the rotor with a target value, to thereby control the rotating speed and direction of the rotor.
摘要:
An automatic start controlling apparatus for automatically starting an internal combustion engine. A transmission is coupled to the engine. The transmission has a clutch, which is actuated by an oil pump other than the engine when the engine stops. The transmission has an input shaft and an output shaft. The input shaft is connected to the engine. The automatic start controlling apparatus has a controller. When the engine is automatically started, the controller detects whether the clutch is completely engaged. When the controller judges that the clutch is partially engaged, the controller reduces the output torque of the engine or limits an increase of the output torque.
摘要:
A control system of an automatic transmission for determining and setting a gear stage on the basis of at least two of the parameters including a vehicle speed and a throttle opening. The control system comprises: a first detector for detecting a first parameter; a second detector for detecting a second parameter; a gear stage memory for determining and storing speed stage areas for holding the gear stages individually in terms of the first and second parameter and any two speed stage areas in a partially overlaid manner; a shift decider for determining a shift to be executed, on the basis of the first parameter outputted from the first detector, the second parameter outputted from the second detector, and the stored content of the gear stage memory; and a gear stage determiner for determining a gear stage to be set, if there are a plurality of gear stages determined by the first parameter and second parameter detected, at any of the gear stages.
摘要:
In controlling an automatic transmission in a vehicle by a combination of an electronic computer system and a hydraulic actuation system according to a principle of feedback control so that the electronic computer system computes a target control state for the hydraulic actuation system and the hydraulic actuation system is operated according to a difference between the target control state and a current control state thereof, the difference is modified by an amount which is decreased along with lapse of time so that the delay in the operation of the hydraulic actuation system is compensated for by a simulation that at the start of control the difference is beforehand increased for an amount which is gradually cancelled by a delay function of the difference itself as the delay in the operation of the hydraulic actuation system disappears. The difference may further be modified so that the modification is started with a time lag. The difference may further be modified by the rate of change of itself.
摘要:
A control system in an automatic transmission for controlling the change-over of the three speed change patterns which are a speed change pattern having a cross gear ratio on a low speed side, a speed change pattern having a cross gear ratio on a high speed side and a speed change pattern having a normal gear ratio. According to this controlling system, when one of the three speed change pattern is selected based one a throttle opening and a vehicle speed, and when it is judged that the gear shift from a speed range in the present speed change pattern to a speed range in the selected speed change pattern falls under on of prohibited conditions, e.g., requiring engagement and/or disengagement of three or more frictional engaging elements for the gear shift, the gear shift is performed using a temporary speed change pattern (including the present speed change pattern) including a speed range not falling under the prohibited conditions. Thereafter, the pattern selection is repeated and the change-over between speed change pattern is performed under a gear shift condition not falling under the prohibited conditions.
摘要:
In an automatic transmission in a vehicle having a tandem connection of a first gear unit such as lower and upper gear stages and a second gear unit such as having three gear stages so that selective engagement and disengagement of clutches and brakes in each gear unit selectively provide six gear states, a certain clutch or brake of the first gear unit is controlled in reference to a difference between certain target engaged/disengaged condition and actual engaged/disengaged condition of itself in setting up a certain gear stage in the first gear unit as well as to difference between certain target engaged/disengaged condition and actual engaged/disengaged condition of (and further, though optionally, a signal for controlling) a certain clutch or brake of the second gear unit in setting up a certain gear stage in the second gear unit.