Abstract:
Adhesive-free assembly of the substrate and reflector components of a semiconductor die package is achieved by injection molding the reflector onto a surface of the substrate or by molding the reflector separate from the substrate and securing it in place on the substrate through deformation of a portion of the reflector. The reflector may be made reflective either by molding the reflector using a light scattering material or through the addition of a reflective element, such as a piece of foil material that is secured to the reflector. A variety of interchangeable reflective elements having different surface shapes, and thus different light reflecting properties, may be made.
Abstract:
The surface morphology of an LED light emitting surface is changed by applying a reactive ion etch (RIE) process to the light emitting surface. Etched features, such as truncated pyramids, may be formed on the emitting surface, prior to the RIE process, by cutting into the surface using a saw blade or a masked etching technique. Sidewall cuts may also be made in the emitting surface prior to the RIE process. A light absorbing damaged layer of material associated with saw cutting is removed by the RIE process. The surface morphology created by the RIE process may be emulated using different, various combinations of non-RIE processes such as grit sanding and deposition of a roughened layer of material or particles followed by dry etching.
Abstract:
Methods for fabricating semiconductor devices such as LED chips with emission wavelength correction and devices fabricated using these methods. Different embodiments include sequential coating methods that provide two or more coatings or layers of conversion material over LEDs, which can be done at the wafer level. The methods are particularly applicable to fabricating LED chips that emit a warm white light, which typically requires covering LEDs with one or more wavelength conversion materials such as phosphors. In one embodiment, a base wavelength conversion material is applied to the semiconductor devices. A portion of the base conversion material is removed. At least two different tuning wavelength conversion materials are also applied to the semiconductor devices, either before or after the application of the base conversion material.
Abstract:
An LED includes a chip having a light emitting surface, and a coating of phosphor-containing material on the light emitting surface. Phosphor particles are arranged in a densely packed layer within the coating at the light emitting surface, and such that the light emitting surface is in contacting relationship with the phosphor particles.
Abstract:
Solid state modules and fixtures comprising different combinations and arrangements of a light source, one or more wavelength conversion materials, thermally conductive connection adapters allowing dissipation of heat outside of the module, and a remote power supply unit. This arrangement allows for greater thermal efficiency and reliability while employing solid state lighting and providing emission patterns that are equivalent with ENERGY STAR® standards. Some embodiments additionally place compensation circuits, previously included with power supply units, on the optical element itself, remote from the power supply unit. Various embodiments of the invention may be used to address many of the difficulties associated with utilizing efficient solid state light sources such as LEDs in the fabrication of lamps or bulbs suitable for direct replacement of traditional incandescent bulbs or fixtures using bulbs.
Abstract:
Methods and devices for light emitting diode (LED) chips are provided. In one embodiment of a method, a pre-formed capping wafer is provided, with the capping wafer comprising a conversion material. A wire-bond free LED wafer is fabricated comprising a plurality of LEDs. The capping wafer is bonded to the LED wafer using an adhesive. The LED chips are later singulated upon completion of all final fabrication steps. The capping wafer provides a robust mechanical support for the LED chips during fabrication, which improves the strength of the chips during fabrication. Additionally, the capping wafer may comprise an integrated conversion material, which simplifies the fabrication process. In one possible embodiment for an LED chip wafer, a submount wafer is provided, along with a plurality of LEDs flip-chip mounted on the submount wafer. Additionally, a capping wafer is bonded to the LEDs using an adhesive, and the capping wafer comprises a conversion material. At least some of the light emitted from the LEDs passes through the capping wafer where at least some of the light is converted by the conversion material.
Abstract:
A white light emitting solid-state lamp is disclosed having an output of at least 75 lumens per watt at 20 milliamps drive current. The lamp includes a light emitting diode, an encapsulant, and a header. The diode includes a conductive silicon carbide substrate for electrical contact and a Group III nitride active portion on the silicon carbide substrate for generating desired frequency photons under the application of current across the diode. The header includes a reflective cup for supporting the diode and for providing electrical contact to the diode and to the active portion. The encapsulant includes a phosphor, present in at least portions of the encapsulant for generating responsive frequencies when the phosphor is excited by the frequencies emitted by the diode.
Abstract:
An LED component comprising an array of LED chips mounted on a planar surface of a submount with the LED chips capable of emitting light in response to an electrical signal. The LED chips comprise respective groups emitting at different colors of light, with each of the groups interconnected in a series circuit. A lens is included over the LED chips. Other embodiments can comprise thermal spreading structures included integral to the submount and arranged to dissipate heat from the LED chips.
Abstract:
A light emitting diode chip includes a submount, a reflective layer on the submount, an insulating layer on the reflective layer opposite the submount, and a plurality of sub-LEDs on the insulating layer. Each of the sub-LEDs includes a first face adjacent to the submount and a transparent contact on the first face between the sub-LED and the insulating layer and electrical interconnects between adjacent ones of the sub-LEDs.
Abstract:
A Group III nitride based light emitting diode includes a p-type Group III nitride based semiconductor layer, an n-type Group III nitride based semiconductor layer that forms a P-N junction with the p-type Group III nitride based semiconductor layer, and a Group III nitride based active region on the n-type Group III nitride based semiconductor layer. The active region includes a plurality of sequentially stacked Group III nitride based wells including respective well layers. The plurality of well layers includes a first well layer having a first thickness and a second well layer having a second thickness. The second well layer is between the P-N junction and the first well layer, and the second thickness is greater than the first thickness.