公开(公告)号：US09504189B1

公开(公告)日：2016-11-22

申请号：US14824401

申请日：2015-08-12

Applicant: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION

Inventor： Levi A. Campbell ,  Milnes P. David ,  Dustin W. Demetriou ,  Michael J. Ellsworth, Jr. ,  Roger R. Schmidt ,  Robert E. Simons

IPC: H05K7/20 ,  F25B21/02

CPC classification number: H05K7/20754 ,  F25B21/02 ,  F25B2321/021 ,  H01L35/00 ,  H05K7/20127 ,  H05K7/20436 ,  H05K7/20545 ,  H05K7/20727

Abstract: A cooling apparatus is provided, which includes: a thermal conductor to cool a heat-dissipating component(s) of an electronics enclosure, the enclosure including an air inlet side through which airflow ingresses. The thermal conductor includes a first conductor portion coupled to the heat-dissipating component(s), and a second conductor portion positioned along the enclosure's air inlet side. The apparatus further includes one or more air-cooled heat sinks coupled to the second conductor portion to facilitate transfer of heat from the second conductor portion to the airflow ingressing into the enclosure, and one or more thermoelectric devices coupled to at least one of the first or second conductor portions to selectively provide auxiliary cooling. A controller controls operation of the thermoelectric device(s) and selectively switches operation of the cooling apparatus between an active cooling mode, where the thermoelectric device(s) is active, and a passive cooling mode, where the thermoelectric device is inactive.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种冷却装置，其包括：用于冷却电子设备外壳的散热部件的热导体，所述外壳包括气流入口的空气入口侧。 热导体包括耦合到散热部件的第一导体部分和沿壳体的空气入口侧定位的第二导体部分。 该装置还包括一个或多个空气冷却的散热器，其联接到第二导体部分，以便于将热量从第二导体部分传递到进入外壳的气流，以及耦合到第一导体部分 或第二导体部分以选择性地提供辅助冷却。 控制器控制热电装置的操作，并且在热电装置有效的主动冷却模式和热电装置不活动的被动冷却模式之间选择性地切换冷却装置的操作。

公开(公告)号：US09357675B2

公开(公告)日：2016-05-31

申请号：US14058530

申请日：2013-10-21

Applicant: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION

Inventor： Levi A. Campbell ,  Richard C. Chu ,  Milnes P. David ,  Michael J. Ellsworth, Jr. ,  Madhusudan K. Iyengar ,  Roger R. Schmidt ,  Robert E. Simons

IPC: H05K7/20 ,  B23P15/26

CPC classification number: H05K7/20318 ,  B23P15/26 ,  B23P2700/10 ,  H05K7/203 ,  H05K7/20781 ,  H05K7/2079 ,  Y10T29/49361

Abstract: Cooling apparatuses and methods of fabricating thereof are provided which facilitate pumped immersion-cooling of an electronic component(s). The cooling apparatus includes an enclosure having a compartment accommodating the electronic component(s), and dielectric fluid within the compartment at least partially immersing the electronic component(s). A liquid-cooled heat sink is associated with the enclosure to cool at least one cooling surface associated with the compartment, and facilitate heat transfer to the heat sink from the electronic component(s) via the dielectric fluid. A pump is disposed external to the compartment and in fluid communication therewith to facilitate pumped dielectric fluid flow through the compartment. The pumped dielectric fluid flow through the compartment enhances heat transfer from the electronic component(s) to the liquid-cooled heat sink via the cooling surface(s). In one implementation, the pumped dielectric fluid flow provides two-phase cooling to the electronic component(s) via flow boiling.

Abstract translation: 提供冷却装置及其制造方法，其有助于电子部件的抽吸浸没冷却。 所述冷却装置包括具有容纳所述电子部件的隔室的外壳和所述隔室内的介电流体，至少部分地浸没所述电子部件。 液体冷却散热器与外壳相关联，以冷却与隔室相关联的至少一个冷却表面，并且便于通过介电流体从电子部件传递到散热器。 泵设置在隔室的外部并与其流体连通以便于泵送的介电流体流过隔间。 泵送的电介质流体流过隔室增强了通过冷却表面从电子部件到液体冷却的散热器的热传递。 在一个实施方案中，泵送介质流体流通过沸腾流向电子部件提供两相冷却。

公开(公告)号：US09338924B2

公开(公告)日：2016-05-10

申请号：US14063123

申请日：2013-10-25

Applicant: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION

Inventor： Levi A. Campbell ,  Richard C. Chu ,  Michael J. Ellsworth, Jr. ,  Madhusudan K. Iyengar ,  Robert E. Simons

IPC: F25D23/12 ,  H05K7/20 ,  F28D1/047 ,  F28F1/12 ,  F28F1/32 ,  F28F17/00 ,  F28D1/053 ,  F28D21/00

CPC classification number: H05K7/202 ,  F28D1/0471 ,  F28D1/0475 ,  F28D1/05366 ,  F28D2021/0038 ,  F28F1/126 ,  F28F1/32 ,  F28F17/005 ,  H05K7/20218 ,  H05K7/20318 ,  H05K7/20572 ,  H05K7/20609 ,  H05K7/20627 ,  H05K7/20645 ,  H05K7/20736 ,  H05K7/20754 ,  H05K7/20763 ,  H05K7/20781 ,  H05K7/20836

Abstract: Dehumidifying cooling apparatus and method are provided for an electronics rack. The apparatus includes an air-to-liquid heat exchanger disposed at an air inlet or outlet side of the rack, wherein air flows through the rack from the air inlet to the air outlet side. The heat exchanger is positioned for air passing through the electronics rack to pass across the heat exchanger, and is in fluid communication with a coolant loop for passing coolant therethrough at a temperature below a dew point temperature of the air passing across the heat exchanger so that air passing across the heat exchanger is dehumidified and cooled. A condensate collector, disposed below the heat exchanger, collects liquid condensate from the dehumidifying of air passing through the electronics rack, wherein the heat exchanger includes a plurality of sloped surfaces configured to facilitate drainage of liquid condensate from the heat exchanger to the condensate collector.

公开(公告)号：US09301433B2

公开(公告)日：2016-03-29

申请号：US14134017

申请日：2013-12-19

Applicant: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION

Inventor： Levi A. Campbell ,  Richard C. Chu ,  Michael J. Ellsworth, Jr. ,  Madhusudan K. Iyengar ,  Robert E. Simons

IPC: F25D23/12 ,  H05K7/20 ,  F25B39/02 ,  F25B49/02

CPC classification number: H05K7/208 ,  F25B39/02 ,  F25B49/02 ,  F25B2400/01 ,  F25B2500/06 ,  H05K7/20809 ,  H05K7/20836 ,  Y10T29/49826

Abstract: Apparatus and method are provided for cooling an electronic component. The apparatus includes a refrigerant evaporator in thermal communication with a component(s) to be cooled, and a refrigerant loop coupled in fluid communication with the evaporator for facilitating flow of refrigerant through the evaporator. The apparatus further includes a compressor in fluid communication with a refrigerant loop, an air-cooled heat sink coupled to the refrigerant evaporator, for providing backup cooling to the electronic component in a backup, air cooling mode, and a controllable refrigerant heater coupled to the heat sink. The refrigerant heater is in thermal communication across the heat sink with refrigerant passing through the refrigerant evaporator, and is controlled in a primary, refrigeration cooling mode to apply an auxiliary heat load to refrigerant passing through the refrigerant evaporator to ensure that refrigerant in the refrigerant loop entering the compressor is in a superheated thermodynamic state.

Abstract translation: 提供了用于冷却电子部件的装置和方法。 该装置包括与要冷却的部件热连通的制冷剂蒸发器和与蒸发器流体连通的制冷剂回路，以便制冷剂流过蒸发器。 该装置还包括与制冷剂回路流体连通的压缩机，耦合到制冷剂蒸发器的空气冷却散热器，用于在备用空气冷却模式中向电子部件提供备用冷却，以及耦合到 散热器。 制冷剂加热器通过散热器与通过制冷剂蒸发器的制冷剂热连通，并且被控制在主要的冷冻冷却模式中，以对通过制冷剂蒸发器的制冷剂施加辅助热负荷，以确保制冷剂回路中的制冷剂 进入压缩机处于过热的热力学状态。

公开(公告)号：US09285050B2

公开(公告)日：2016-03-15

申请号：US13783628

申请日：2013-03-04

Applicant: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION

Inventor： Levi A. Campbell ,  Richard C. Chu ,  Milnes P. David ,  Michael J. Ellsworth, Jr. ,  Madhusudan K. Iyengar ,  Roger R. Schmidt ,  Robert E. Simons

IPC: F16K31/70 ,  F16K31/00 ,  F28F27/02 ,  F28F27/00 ,  F28F3/12 ,  H05K7/20

CPC classification number: F16K31/002 ,  F28F3/12 ,  F28F27/00 ,  F28F27/02 ,  H05K7/20781 ,  H05K7/20836

Abstract: Methods are presented for facilitating dissipation of heat generated by one or more electronic components. The methods include providing a coolant-cooled heat sink and a thermostat-controlled valve. The heat sink includes one or more coolant-carrying channels and one or more valve wells intersecting the channels. The thermostat-controlled valve is disposed, at least partially, within a respective valve well so as to intersect a respective coolant-carrying channel, and includes a valve disk and a thermal-sensitive actuator mechanically coupled to rotate the valve disk. The valve disk is rotatable between an open position where coolant is allowed to flow through the respective coolant-carrying channel, and a closed position where coolant is blocked from flowing through the respective channel. The actuator rotates the valve disk between the open position and the closed position, dependent on heating of the thermal-sensitive actuator by the electronic component(s).

Abstract translation: 提出了用于促进由一个或多个电子部件产生的热量消散的方法。 这些方法包括提供冷却剂冷却的散热器和恒温控制阀。 散热器包括一个或多个冷却剂承载通道和与通道相交的一个或多个阀井。 恒温控制阀至少部分地设置在相应的阀井内，以与相应的冷却剂承载通道相交，并且包括阀盘和机械耦合以旋转阀盘的热敏致动器。 阀盘可以在允许冷却剂流过相应的冷却剂输送通道的打开位置和阻止冷却剂流过相应通道的关闭位置之间旋转。 执行器根据电子部件对热敏致动器的加热，使阀盘在打开位置和关闭位置之间旋转。

公开(公告)号：US09261308B2

公开(公告)日：2016-02-16

申请号：US13671857

申请日：2012-11-08

Applicant: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION

Inventor： Levi A. Campbell ,  Richard C. Chu ,  Milnes P. David ,  Michael J. Ellsworth, Jr. ,  Madhusudan K. Iyengar ,  Roger R. Schmidt ,  Robert E. Simons

IPC: F28D15/00 ,  H05K7/20 ,  F28D15/02 ,  F28F3/04 ,  F28F3/12

CPC classification number: F28D15/02 ,  F28F3/048 ,  F28F3/12 ,  F28F2250/08 ,  H05K7/203 ,  H05K7/20772 ,  H05K7/20809 ,  Y10T29/4935 ,  Y10T29/49359

Abstract: Cooling apparatuses and methods of fabrication thereof are provided to facilitate two-phase, immersion-cooling of one or more electronic components. The cooling apparatus includes a housing having a compartment within which dielectric fluid is disposed which facilitates immersion-cooling of the electronic component(s). A liquid-cooled heat sink is associated with the housing and cools a cooling surface exposed within the compartment. One or more pumps are disposed within the compartment and configured to pump dielectric fluid liquid within the compartment towards the cooling surface to facilitate cooling the liquid within the compartment below a saturation temperature of the dielectric fluid. The heat sink includes or is coupled to condensing and sub-cooling regions exposed within the compartment.

Abstract translation: 提供冷却装置及其制造方法以便于一个或多个电子部件的两相浸没冷却。 冷却装置包括壳体，该壳体具有隔室，在该隔室中布置介质流体，其有利于电子部件的浸入冷却。 液体冷却散热器与壳体相关联并且冷却暴露在隔间内的冷却表面。 一个或多个泵设置在隔室内，并且构造成将腔室内的介质流体液体朝向冷却表面泵送，以便于冷却介质流体的饱和温度以下室内的液体。 散热器包括或耦合到暴露在隔室内的冷凝和次冷却区域。

公开(公告)号：US09218008B2

公开(公告)日：2015-12-22

申请号：US13706543

申请日：2012-12-06

Applicant: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION

Inventor： Levi A. Campbell ,  Richard C. Chu ,  Milnes P. David ,  Michael J. Ellsworth, Jr. ,  Madhusudan K. Iyengar ,  Roger R. Schmidt ,  Robert E. Simons

IPC: G05D23/19 ,  H05K7/20

CPC classification number: H05K7/20836 ,  G05B15/02 ,  G05D23/1932 ,  H05K7/2079

Abstract: Energy efficient control of cooling system cooling of an electronic system is provided based, in part, on weighted cooling effectiveness of the components. The control includes automatically determining speed control settings for multiple adjustable cooling components of the cooling system. The automatically determining is based, at least in part, on weighted cooling effectiveness of the components of the cooling system, and the determining operates to limit power consumption of at least the cooling system, while ensuring that a target temperature associated with at least one of the cooling system or the electronic system is within a desired range by provisioning, based on the weighted cooling effectiveness, a desired target temperature change among the multiple adjustable cooling components of the cooling system. The provisioning includes provisioning applied power to the multiple adjustable cooling components via, at least in part, the determined control settings.

Abstract translation: 部分地基于组件的加权冷却效率来提供电子系统的冷却系统冷却的能量效率控制。 该控制包括自动确定冷却系统的多个可调冷却部件的速度控制设置。 所述自动确定至少部分地基于所述冷却系统的组件的加权冷却效果，并且所述确定操作以限制至少所述冷却系统的功率消耗，同时确保与至少一个 冷却系统或电子系统在所需的范围内，通过基于加权的冷却效果，提供冷却系统的多个可调冷却部件之间的期望的目标温度变化。 供应包括至少部分地通过所确定的控制设置向多个可调冷却部件供应应用的功率。

公开(公告)号：US09201474B2

公开(公告)日：2015-12-01

申请号：US14519422

申请日：2014-10-21

Applicant: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION

Inventor： Levi A. Campbell ,  Richard C. Chu ,  Milnes P. David ,  Michael J. Ellsworth, Jr. ,  Madhusudan K. Iyengar ,  Robert E. Simons

IPC: H05K7/20 ,  G06F1/20

CPC classification number: H05K7/20818 ,  G06F1/20 ,  G06F2200/201 ,  H05K7/2029 ,  H05K7/20309 ,  H05K7/20318 ,  H05K7/20809

Abstract: Methods of facilitating cooling an electronic system are provided, which include: providing a heat sink(s) configured to cool an electronic component(s), the heat sink(s) including a coolant-carrying channel for a first coolant, the first coolant providing two-phase cooling to the electronic component(s) and being discharged from the heat sink(s) as coolant exhaust with coolant vapor; providing a node-level condensation module coupled in fluid communication with the heat sink(s), the condensation module receiving first coolant exhaust from the heat sink(s) and being liquid-cooled via a second coolant to condense coolant vapor before return to a rack-level return manifold; automatically controlling at least one of liquid-cooling of the heat sink(s), or liquid-cooling of the condensation module(s); and providing a control valve for adjusting flow rate of the second coolant to the condensation module(s), the control valve being automatically controlled based on a characterization of the coolant vapor in the coolant exhaust.

Abstract translation: 提供了方便冷却电子系统的方法，其包括：提供被配置为冷却电子部件的散热器，所述散热器包括用于第一冷却剂的冷却剂传送通道，所述第一冷却剂 向电子部件提供两相冷却，并以冷却剂蒸气作为冷却剂排出从散热器排出; 提供与所述散热器流体连通的节点级冷凝模块，所述冷凝模块从所述散热器接收第一冷却剂排出物，并经由第二冷却剂进行液冷，以冷却冷却剂蒸汽，然后返回到 机架式回流歧管; 自动控制散热器的液体冷却中的至少一个或冷凝模块的液体冷却; 并且提供用于调节第二冷却剂到冷凝模块的流量的控制阀，基于冷却剂排气中的冷却剂蒸汽的表征来自动控制控制阀。

公开(公告)号：US09089936B2

公开(公告)日：2015-07-28

申请号：US14064331

申请日：2013-10-28

Applicant: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION

Inventor： Levi A. Campbell ,  Richard C. Chu ,  Milnes P. David ,  Michael J. Ellsworth, Jr. ,  Madhusudan K. Iyengar ,  Robert E. Simons

IPC: G06F1/20 ,  B23P15/26 ,  H05K7/20 ,  F28F3/00 ,  F28F3/12 ,  F28F13/00 ,  F28D15/02

CPC classification number: B23P15/26 ,  F28D15/0266 ,  F28F3/00 ,  F28F3/12 ,  F28F13/00 ,  G06F1/20 ,  H05K7/20254 ,  H05K7/20272 ,  H05K7/2029 ,  H05K7/20772 ,  Y10T29/4935

Abstract: A heat sink, and cooled electronic structure and cooled electronics apparatus utilizing the heat sink are provided. The heat sink is fabricated of a thermally conductive structure which includes one or more coolant-carrying channels coupled to facilitate the flow of coolant through the coolant-carrying channel(s). The heat sink further includes a membrane associated with the coolant-carrying channel(s). The membrane includes at least one vapor-permeable region, which overlies a portion of the coolant-carrying channel(s) and facilitates removal of vapor from the coolant-carrying channel(s), and at least one orifice coupled to inject coolant onto at least one surface of the coolant-carrying channel(s) intermediate opposite ends of the channel(s).

公开(公告)号：US09042099B2

公开(公告)日：2015-05-26

申请号：US13782012

申请日：2013-03-01

Applicant: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION

Inventor： Levi A. Campbell ,  Richard C. Chu ,  Milnes P. David ,  Michael J. Ellsworth, Jr. ,  Madhusudan K. Iyengar ,  Roger R. Schmidt ,  Robert E. Simons

IPC: H05K7/20 ,  F28F9/00

CPC classification number: F28F9/00 ,  H05K7/20781

Abstract: A method is provided which includes providing a cooling apparatus which includes a door assembly coupled to the electronics rack at an inlet or air outlet side of the rack. The door assembly includes: an airflow opening configured to facilitate ingress or egress of airflow through the electronics rack with the door assembly mounted to the rack; an air-to-coolant heat exchanger disposed so that airflow through the airflow opening passes across the air-to-coolant heat exchanger, the air-to-coolant heat exchanger being configured to extract heat from the airflow passing thereacross; and a vapor condenser configured to facilitate condensing of dielectric fluid vapor egressing from at least one immersion-cooled electronic component section of the electronics rack. The cooling apparatus, including the door assembly, facilitates air-cooling and immersion-cooling of different electronic components of the electronics rack.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种方法，其包括提供冷却装置，其包括在机架的入口或空气出口侧处联接到电子机架的门组件。 门组件包括：气流开口，其构造成便于通过安装到机架的门组件通过电子机架进入或流出气流; 空气冷却剂热交换器，其布置成使得通过气流开口的气流穿过空气 - 冷却剂热交换器，空气 - 冷却剂热交换器被配置为从通过其的气流中提取热量; 以及蒸汽冷凝器，其被配置为便于从电子机架的至少一个浸没冷却的电子部件部分出口的介电流体蒸气的冷凝。 包括门组件的冷却装置有助于电子机架的不同电子部件的空气冷却和浸没冷却。