Abstract:
An ion source includes a chamber defining an interior cavity for ionization, an electron beam source at a first end of the interior cavity, an inlet for introducing ionizable gas into the chamber, and an arc slit for extracting ions from the chamber. The chamber includes an electrically conductive ceramic.
Abstract:
A laser sustained plasma light source having a cell formed as a continuous tube with a circular cross section, a gas volume contained within the cell, at least one laser directed into the gas volume, for sustaining a plasma within the gas volume, the plasma producing a light, where the gas volume is heated as it leaves the plasma, cools as it circulates around the continuous tube of the cell, and reenters the plasma cooler than when it left the plasma and in a laminar flow, and a reflector for collecting the light and providing the light to a desired location.
Abstract:
In a known method for operating an amalgam lamp having a nominal power Poptimum, it is provided that a lamp voltage Uoptimum designed for a maximum UVC emission is applied between electrodes or a lamp current Ioptimum designed for a maximum UVC emission flows between electrodes. The discharge space is accessible for an amalgam deposit, which is heatable by a heating element in which a heating current Iheating is conducted through the heating element. Starting from this background, in order to provide an operating mode that ensures a stable operation in the region of the optimum power, it is proposed that a target value of the lamp current Itarget is set that is less than Ioptimum and that the heating current Iheating is turned on or increased when the lamp current falls below a lower limit I1 and is turned off or reduced when it exceeds an upper limit I2 for the lamp current.
Abstract:
A support for filiform elements containing an active material in form of powders is described, comprising anchoring means of the support and blocking means for the filiform element, a method for manufacturing said support and lamps wherein said supports are employed.
Abstract:
A plasma source for a substrate is provided. The plasma source may include a source electrode and an impedance box. The source electrode receives a source Radio Frequency (RF) from the external and generates plasma based on capacitive coupling within a vacuum chamber. The impedance box connects at one end to an outer circumference surface of the source electrode, and is grounded at the other end to the vacuum chamber, and controls an electric current flowing from the source electrode to the vacuum chamber by the source RF.
Abstract:
A plasma source includes a ring plasma chamber, a primary winding around an exterior of the ring plasma chamber, multiple ferrites, wherein the ring plasma chamber passes through each of the ferrites and multiple plasma chamber outlets coupling the plasma chamber to a process chamber. Each one of the plasma chamber outlets having a respective plasma restriction. A system and method for generating a plasma are also described.
Abstract:
An arrangement of a cathode electrode for plasma CVD forms a radio frequency capacity coupled plasma by applying radio frequency radiation, in which the cathode electrode is disposed so as to face an anode electrode. The facing surface which faces the anode electrode is formed to have a concavo-convex shape comprising concaves constituted by a bottom surface and convexes constituted by a plurality of protrusions protruding toward the anode electrode from the bottom surface constituting the concaves. At least one of the protrusions forming the convexes has at least one reactive gas ejection nozzle on a side surface, which is capable of ejecting a reactive gas. An ejection direction of the reactive gas from the reactive gas ejection nozzle is substantially parallel to the bottom surface constituting the concaves. The optimization of the cathode electrode allows generation of dense plasma.
Abstract:
An apparatus for producing light includes a chamber and an ignition source that ionizes a gas within the chamber. The apparatus also includes at least one laser that provides energy to the ionized gas within the chamber to produce a high brightness light. The laser can provide a substantially continuous amount of energy to the ionized gas to generate a substantially continuous high brightness light.
Abstract:
A sulfur lamp, is provided, including a power supply that supplies electrical power, a transparent bulb having a space inside that contains sulfur and a plurality of electrodes. Additionally, a portion of each electrode may be inserted into the space and an end of each electrode may be connected to the power supply such that the sulfur is excited by an electric discharge thereby emitting light. A portion of the electrode inserted into the space may be coated with a protective layer to prevent a chemical reaction of between the electrode and the sulfur. Further, the changing of the sulfur (contained in the space of the bulb) into a plasma phase may be accomplished by utilizing the electrodes (not microwaves). Therefore, a need to utilize a magnetron (which is low in energy transfer rate) may be eliminated, thereby increasing a system efficacy and saving a cost of replacing the magnetron.
Abstract:
A surface discharge device performing functions of a trigger and electron beam generator includes a cylinder shaped member formed from a dielectric material with dielectric constant ε>100, in which a central opening is formed having a conical or cylindrical shape. An internal electrode is electrically coupled to the internal surface of the cylinder shaped member. An external electrode covers the external surface of the cylinder shaped member. A triggering pulse is applied between the external and internal electrodes to generate emission of electrons in the central opening and formation of the conducting plasma to ignite the device and serve as a source of electrons for generating an electron beam. The conducting plasma charges a capacitor formed by the cylinder shaped dielectric member and the external electrode. The cylinder shaped member is positioned in a hollow cathode having a central bore hole in the bottom. An anode is positioned remotely from the cathode and an electric field exists dynamically in space between the cathode and anode for at least a portion of the duration of the triggering pulse.