摘要:
A system, composition, and a method for planarizing or polishing a composite substrate are provided. The planarizing or polishing system comprises (i) a polishing composition comprising (a) about 0.5 wt. % or more of fluoride 5 ions, (b) about 1 wt. % or more of an amine, (c) about 0.1 wt. % or more of a base, and (d) water, and (ii) an abrasive. The present invention also provides a method of planarizing or polishing a composite substrate comprising contacting the substrate with a system comprising (i) a polishing composition comprising (a) about 0.5 wt. % or more of fluoride ions, (b) about 1 wt. % or more of an amine, (c) about 0.1 wt. % or more of a base, and (d) water, and (ii) an abrasive.
摘要:
The invention provides a system for polishing one or more layers of a multi-layer substrate that includes a first metal layer and a second layer comprising (i) a liquid carrier, (ii) at least one oxidizing agent, (iii) at least one polishing additive that increases the rate at which the system polishes at least one layer of the substrate, (iv) at least one stopping compound with a polishing selectivity of the first metal layer:second layer of at least about 30:1, and (v) a polishing pad and/or an abrasive. The invention also provides a composition comprising (i) a liquid carrier, (ii) at least one oxidizing agent, (iii) at least one polishing additive (iv) at least one stopping compound with a polishing selectivity of the first metal layer:second layer of at least about 30:1, to be used with (v) a polishing pad and/or an abrasive.
摘要:
The invention provides a polishing pad for chemical-mechanical polishing comprising a body, a polishing surface, and a plurality of elongated pores, wherein about 10% or more of the elongated pores have an aspect ratio of about 2:1 or greater and are substantially oriented in a direction that is coplanar with the polishing surface. The invention further provides a method of polishing a substrate.
摘要:
This invention relates to an apparatus for processing particles. The apparatus comprises a particle source having an exist aperture; an extraction electrode located at the exist aperture; an acceleration electrode adjacent to the extraction electrode; a processing compartment adjacent to the acceleration electrode; and a deceleration electrode located adjacent to the processing compartment. The invention also relates to methods of processing particles and to particles processed by the apparatus and methods of the invention.
摘要:
The invention provides chemical-mechanical polishing systems, and methods of polishing a substrate using the polishing systems, comprising (a) an abrasive, (b) a liquid carrier, and (c) a positively charged polyelectrolyte with a molecular weight of about 15,000 or more, wherein the abrasive comprises particles that are electrostatically associated with the positively charged polyelectrolyte.
摘要:
The invention provides a method of polishing a substrate, which method comprises the steps of (i) providing a polishing composition, (ii) providing a substrate comprising at least one metal layer, and (iii) abrading at least a portion of the metal layer with the polishing composition to polish the substrate. The polishing composition comprises an abrasive and a liquid carrier, wherein the abrasive comprises metal oxide particles having a surface with a silane compound adhered to a portion thereof and a polymer adhered to the silane compound and wherein the polymer is selected from the group consisting of water-soluble polymers and water-emulsifiable polymers. The invention also provides a polishing composition as described above, wherein the total amount of abrasive particles present in the polishing composition is no greater than about 20% by weight of the polishing composition, and the metal oxide particles do not comprise zirconia.
摘要:
A field emitter source and method for making same. An x-ray and a high energy electron source is fabricated from the field emitter. The field emitter source composition comprises carbon black and a mixing medium. An alternative method of field emitter formulation includes providing a quantity of silica with the carbon black and a mixing medium. An x-ray source comprises a substrate and a carbon black field emitter composition provided along a surface of the substrate and an extraction grid to pull electrons from the field emitter film and a metal film biased at high voltage to accelerate the electrons. A conductive film is further provided along an upper support structure of the source, such that when the conductive film is struck by the accelerated electrons, the upper support structure converts the impinging high-energy electrons into x-rays. A high energy electron source is also disclosed similar to the x-ray source but without a conductive film and with appropriate apertures to facilitate egress of the high energy electrons.
摘要:
The invention provides a chemical-mechanical polishing system comprising an abrasive, a carrier, and either boric acid, or a conjugate base thereof, wherein the boric acid and conjugate base are not present together in the polishing system in a sufficient amount to act as a pH buffer, or a water-soluble boron-containing compound, or salt thereof, that is not boric acid, and a method of polishing a substrate using the chemical-mechanical polishing system.
摘要:
The invention provides polishing pads for chemical-mechanical polishing comprising a porous foam and a method for their production. In one embodiment, the porous foam has an average pore size of about 50 nullm or less, wherein about 75% or more of the pores have a pore size within about 20 nullm or less of the average pore size. In another embodiment, porous foam has an average pore size of about 20 nullm or less. In yet another embodiment, the porous foam has a multi-modal pore size distribution. The method of production comprises (a) combining a polymer resin with a supercritical gas to produce a single-phase solution and (b) forming a polishing pad from the single-phase solution, wherein the supercritical gas is generated by subjecting a gas to an elevated temperature and pressure.
摘要:
The invention provides a method of polishing a substrate comprising a lanthanide-containing metal oxide material. The method comprises the steps of (i) providing a polishing system comprising (a) an abrasive, a polishing pad, or a combination thereof, (b) an acid, and (c) a liquid carrier, (ii) providing a substrate comprising a metal oxide layer, wherein the metal oxide layer comprises at least one lanthanide series element, and (iii) abrading at least a portion of the metal oxide layer with the polishing system to polish the substrate. The lanthanide-containing metal oxide material can be a lanthanide oxide, a doped lanthanide oxide, a lanthanide-doped metal oxide, a lanthanide perovskite, or any other suitable lanthanide-containing mixed metal oxide material, in particular those used as solid electrode and solid electrolyte materials in gas sensor and fuel cell devices.