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    Biological analysis arrangement and approach therefor
    3.
    发明授权
    Biological analysis arrangement and approach therefor 有权
    生物分析安排及方法

    公开(公告)号：US08023113B2

    公开(公告)日：2011-09-20

    申请号：US12418983

    申请日：2009-04-06

    申请人： Abbas El Gamal ,  Helmy Eltoukhy ,  Khaled Salama

    发明人： Abbas El Gamal ,  Helmy Eltoukhy ,  Khaled Salama

    IPC分类号： G01N21/00

    CPC分类号： C12Q1/66 ,  B01L3/5027 ,  B01L3/502715 ,  B01L2300/0654 ,  B01L2300/0819 ,  B01L2300/0877 ,  B01L2300/1822 ,  G01N21/253 ,  G01N21/6454

    摘要： Characteristics of a chemical or biological sample are detected using an approach involving light detection. According to an example embodiment of the present invention, an assaying arrangement including a light detector is adapted to detect light from a sample, such as a biological material. A signal corresponding to the detected light is used to characterize the sample, for example, by detecting a light-related property thereof. In one implementation, the assaying arrangement includes integrated circuitry having a light detector and a programmable processor, with the light detector generating a signal corresponding to the light and sending the signal to the processor. The processor provides an output corresponding to the signal and indicative of a characteristic of the sample.

    摘要翻译： 使用涉及光检测的方法检测化学或生物样品的特征。 根据本发明的示例性实施例，包括光检测器的测定装置适于检测来自诸如生物材料的样品的光。 使用与检测到的光对应的信号来表征样品，例如通过检测其与光的相关性。 在一个实现中，测定装置包括具有光检测器和可编程处理器的集成电路，光检测器产生对应于光的信号并将信号发送到处理器。 处理器提供对应于信号的输出并指示样本的特性。

    Biological analysis arrangement and approach therefor
    4.
    发明授权
    Biological analysis arrangement and approach therefor 有权
    生物分析安排及方法

    公开(公告)号：US07595883B1

    公开(公告)日：2009-09-29

    申请号：US10663935

    申请日：2003-09-16

    申请人： Abbas El Gamal ,  Helmy Eltoukhy ,  Khaled Salama

    发明人： Abbas El Gamal ,  Helmy Eltoukhy ,  Khaled Salama

    IPC分类号： G01N21/00

    CPC分类号： C12Q1/66 ,  B01L3/5027 ,  B01L3/502715 ,  B01L2300/0654 ,  B01L2300/0819 ,  B01L2300/0877 ,  B01L2300/1822 ,  G01N21/253 ,  G01N21/6454

    摘要： Characteristics of a chemical or biological sample are detected using an approach involving light detection. According to an example embodiment of the present invention, an assaying arrangement including a light detector is adapted to detect light from a sample, such as a biological material. A signal corresponding to the detected light is used to characterize the sample, for example, by detecting a light-related property thereof. In one implementation, the assaying arrangement includes integrated circuitry having a light detector and a programmable processor, with the light detector generating a signal corresponding to the light and sending the signal to the processor. The processor provides an output corresponding to the signal and indicative of a characteristic of the sample.

    摘要翻译： 使用涉及光检测的方法检测化学或生物样品的特征。 根据本发明的示例性实施例，包括光检测器的测定装置适于检测来自诸如生物材料的样品的光。 使用与检测到的光对应的信号来表征样品，例如通过检测其与光的相关性。 在一个实现中，测定装置包括具有光检测器和可编程处理器的集成电路，光检测器产生对应于光的信号并将信号发送到处理器。 处理器提供对应于信号的输出并指示样本的特性。

    Reconfigurable programmable interconnect architecture
    6.
    发明授权
    Reconfigurable programmable interconnect architecture 失效
    可重构可编程互连架构

    公开(公告)号：US5510730A

    公开(公告)日：1996-04-23

    申请号：US493137

    申请日：1995-06-21

    申请人： Abbas El Gamal ,  Steve S. S. Chiang

    发明人： Abbas El Gamal ,  Steve S. S. Chiang

    IPC分类号： G01R31/28 ,  G01R31/3185 ,  H01L25/00 ,  H03K19/177

    CPC分类号： G01R31/2884 ,  G01R31/318516 ,  G01R31/318519 ,  H03K19/17704 ,  H03K19/17736

    摘要： A user-programmable interconnect architecture, which may be used for logic arrays for digital and analog system design, is disclosed. In one embodiment, a plurality of logic cells or modules in a matrix are connected by vertical and horizontal wiring channels. The wiring channels may in turn be programmed by the user to interconnect the various logic cells to implement the required logic function. The wiring channels comprise wiring segments connected by normally open reconfigurable programmable elements situated at the intersection of any two segments to be connected.

    摘要翻译： 公开了可用于数字和模拟系统设计的逻辑阵列的用户可编程互连体系结构。 在一个实施例中，矩阵中的多个逻辑单元或模块通过垂直和水平布线通道连接。 接线通道可以由用户编程，以互连各种逻辑单元以实现所需的逻辑功能。 布线通道包括通过常开的可重新配置的可编程元件连接的布线段，这些可编程元件位于要连接的任何两个段的交点。

    CMOS image sensor with pixel level A/D conversion
    7.
    发明授权
    CMOS image sensor with pixel level A/D conversion 失效
    具有像素级A / D转换的CMOS图像传感器

    公开(公告)号：US5461425A

    公开(公告)日：1995-10-24

    申请号：US196686

    申请日：1994-02-15

    申请人： Boyd Fowler ,  Abbas El Gamal

    发明人： Boyd Fowler ,  Abbas El Gamal

    IPC分类号： H03M3/02 ,  H04N3/14 ,  H04N5/335

    CPC分类号： H04N3/155 ,  H03M3/466 ,  H03M3/43 ,  H03M3/456

    摘要： An image sensor formed using a CMOS process is described herein which includes a pixel array core of phototransistors whose conductivities are related to the magnitude of light impinging upon the phototransistors. The analog signals generated by the phototransistors are converted to a serial bit stream by an A/D converter connected at the output of each phototransistor and formed in the immediate area of each phototransistor within the array core. Thus, a separate digital stream for each pixel element is output from the array core, and parasitic effects and distortion are minimized. In one embodiment, a filter circuit is connected to an output of the array core for converting the individual digital streams from each pixel element to multi-bit values corresponding to the intensity of light impinging on the phototransistor.

    摘要翻译： 本文描述了使用CMOS工艺形成的图像传感器，其包括光电晶体管的像素阵列核心，光电晶体管的电导率与照射在光电晶体管上的光的大小有关。 由光电晶体管产生的模拟信号通过连接在每个光电晶体管的输出处的A / D转换器转换成串行比特流，并形成在阵列核心内的每个光电晶体管的直接区域中。 因此，从阵列核心输出用于每个像素元件的单独的数字流，并且寄生效应和失真被最小化。 在一个实施例中，滤波器电路连接到阵列核心的输出，用于将来自每个像素元件的各个数字流转换成对应于光敏晶体管上的光的强度的多位值。

    Basic cell for BiCMOS gate array
    8.
    发明授权
    Basic cell for BiCMOS gate array 失效
    BiCMOS门阵列的基本单元

    公开(公告)号：US5341041A

    公开(公告)日：1994-08-23

    申请号：US743532

    申请日：1991-08-08

    申请人： Abbas El Gamal

    发明人： Abbas El Gamal

    IPC分类号： H01L21/82 ,  H01L21/8249 ,  H01L27/06 ,  H01L27/10 ,  H01L27/118 ,  H03K3/356 ,  H03K19/08 ,  H03K19/0944 ,  H03K19/173 ,  H03K19/177 ,  H03K19/02

    CPC分类号： H03K19/09448 ,  H01L27/11896 ,  H03K19/1735

    摘要： An improved cell for use in a mask programmable gate array is disclosed herein. The preferred cell comprises two compute sections, each comprising two pairs of medium size P and N-channel transistors, two small N-channel transistors, and a single small P-channel transistor. Each cell also comprises a high efficiency drive section containing a single bipolar pull-up transistor, a large N-channel pull-down transistor, and a small P-channel transistor. By using this cell, an extremely high compute capability per die area is achieved.

    摘要翻译： 本文公开了一种用于掩模可编程门阵列的改进的单元。 优选的单元包括两个计算部分，每个部分包括两对中等尺寸的P和N沟道晶体管，两个小N沟道晶体管和单个小P沟道晶体管。 每个单元还包括含有单个双极上拉晶体管，大N沟道下拉晶体管和小P沟道晶体管的高效率驱动部分。 通过使用该单元，实现了每个管芯面积极高的计算能力。

    Biological analysis arrangement and approach therefor
    9.
    发明授权
    Biological analysis arrangement and approach therefor 有权
    生物分析安排及方法

    公开(公告)号：US08313904B2

    公开(公告)日：2012-11-20

    申请号：US12323645

    申请日：2008-11-26

    申请人： Abbas El Gamal ,  Helmy Eltoukhy ,  Khaled Salama

    发明人： Abbas El Gamal ,  Helmy Eltoukhy ,  Khaled Salama

    IPC分类号： C12Q1/68 ,  C12P19/34 ,  C12M1/00 ,  C12M1/34 ,  G01N27/00 ,  G01N1/10 ,  G01N21/00 ,  C07H21/02 ,  C07H21/04

    CPC分类号： C12Q1/66 ,  B01L3/5027 ,  B01L3/502715 ,  B01L2300/0654 ,  B01L2300/0819 ,  B01L2300/0877 ,  B01L2300/1822 ,  G01N21/253 ,  G01N21/6454

    摘要： Characteristics of a chemical or biological sample are detected using an approach involving light detection. According to an example embodiment of the present invention, an assaying arrangement including a light detector is adapted to detect light from a sample, such as a biological material. A signal corresponding to the detected light is used to characterize the sample, for example, by detecting a light-related property thereof. In one implementation, the assaying arrangement includes integrated circuitry having a light detector and a programmable processor, with the light detector generating a signal corresponding to the light and sending the signal to the processor. The processor provides an output corresponding to the signal and indicative of a characteristic of the sample.

    摘要翻译： 使用涉及光检测的方法检测化学或生物样品的特征。 根据本发明的示例性实施例，包括光检测器的测定装置适于检测来自诸如生物材料的样品的光。 使用与检测到的光对应的信号来表征样品，例如通过检测其与光的相关性。 在一个实现中，测定装置包括具有光检测器和可编程处理器的集成电路，光检测器产生对应于光的信号并将信号发送到处理器。 处理器提供对应于信号的输出并指示样本的特性。

    Adaptive pixel for high dynamic range and disturbance detection and correction
    10.
    发明授权
    Adaptive pixel for high dynamic range and disturbance detection and correction 失效
    自适应像素用于高动态范围和干扰检测和校正

    公开(公告)号：US07492400B2

    公开(公告)日：2009-02-17

    申请号：US10858944

    申请日：2004-06-01

    申请人： Abbas El Gamal ,  Sam Kavusi

    发明人： Abbas El Gamal ,  Sam Kavusi

    IPC分类号： H04N3/14 ,  H04N5/335

    CPC分类号： H04N5/3535 ,  H04N5/2351 ,  H04N5/2353 ,  H04N5/33

    摘要： A new adaptive pixel architecture, folded-multiple-capture (FMC), integrates synchronous self-reset and multiple capture schemes and advantageously eliminates the requirement of a high-frame-rate sensor array, which is essential for conventional image sensors with high dynamic range. The FMC comprises a per-pixel analog-front-end (AFE), a fine analog-digital convertor (ADC) stage, and a digital-signal-processor/controller (DSPC) stage. The AFE performs programmable gain control, synchronous self-reset, sample-and-hold, and enables disturbance detection. In the AFE, a comparator compares an integrator output with a threshold voltage and produces a binary sequence accordingly. The ADC utilizes the binary sequence and the folded multiple capture signals to estimate photocurrent. An image sensor embodying the present invention adapts integration time to signal level, has minimal per-pixel hardware requirement, provides a very high dynamic range, about 120 dB or more, at high speed, about 1,000 frames/s or more, detects and corrects subframe disturbances, and consumes significantly less power.

    摘要翻译： 一种新的自适应像素架构，折叠多重捕获（FMC），集成了同步自复位和多重捕获方案，有利地消除了高帧率传感器阵列的需求，这对于具有高动态范围的传统图像传感器至关重要 。 FMC包括每像素模拟前端（AFE），精细模拟数字转换器（ADC）级和数字信号处理器/控制器（DSPC）级。 AFE执行可编程增益控制，同步自复位，采样保持和启用干扰检测。 在AFE中，比较器将积分器输出与阈值电压进行比较，并相应地产生二进制序列。 ADC利用二进制序列和折叠的多个捕获信号来估计光电流。 体现本发明的图像传感器将积分时间适应于信号电平，具有最小的每像素硬件要求，以高速，约1,000帧/秒以上提供约120dB或更大的非常高的动态范围，检测和校正 子帧干扰，并消耗明显较少的功率。