摘要:
Because opening of a flow enhancement valve affects not only a flow but also a flow rate, when the opening of the flow enhancement valve is transiently changed, if an ignition correction control is conducted on the basis of a relationship obtained in a steady operation state of the flow enhancement valve opening and the ignition timing, there occurs such a drawback that the ignition timing is set to a retard side or an advance side of the optimal point. In a control device for an internal combustion engine having a flow enhancement valve, an intake air quantity flowing into a cylinder is calculated on the basis of the intake air quantity detected by an air flow sensor, a rotating speed, and an operating state of the flow enhancement valve, a turbulent intensity index within the cylinder is calculated on the basis of the rotating speed, the intake air quantity flowing into the cylinder, and the operating state of the flow enhancement valve, and an ignition timing is calculated on the basis of the rotating speed, the intake air quantity flowing into the cylinder, and the turbulent intensity index.
摘要:
An internal combustion engine control device is provided which can accurately estimate intake pipe temperature behavior during transient time even in an internal combustion engine embedded with a variable valve or a turbocharger. The internal combustion engine control device estimates transient behavior of the intake pipe temperature, on the basis of a flow rate (dGafs/dt) of gas flowing into the intake pipe, a flow rate (dGcyl/dt) of gas flowing from the intake pipe, an intake pipe pressure Pin, and a temporal changing rate (dPin/dt) of the intake pipe pressure. The device performs knocking control during transient time, on the basis of the estimated transient behavior of the intake pipe temperature.
摘要:
The invention provides a method for preferably controlling an internal combustion engine by precisely estimating a current value of a temperature of an exhaust device of an internal combustion engine provided with a variable valve, an exhaust turbo supercharger and the like, and controlling an affector of a temperature of an exhaust gas on the basis of a difference between a reference value of the exhaust device temperature and the current value of the exhaust device temperature. The method computes a temperature of an exhaust gas on the basis of a rotating speed, a charging efficiency, an ignition timing, an equivalent ratio, an external EGR rate, an exhaust valve opening timing, and a supercharging pressure, estimates a temperature of an exhaust device on the basis of the exhaust gas temperature, an amount of an intake air, a temperature of a fluid around the exhaust device and a flow rate around the exhaust device, and transiently corrects at least one of the ignition timing, the equivalent ratio, the external EGR rate, and the exhaust valve opening timing, on the basis of the estimation value and the reference value.
摘要:
The invention provides a method for preferably controlling an internal combustion engine by precisely estimating a current value of a temperature of an exhaust device of an internal combustion engine provided with a variable valve, an exhaust turbo supercharger and the like, and controlling an affector of a temperature of an exhaust gas on the basis of a difference between a reference value of the exhaust device temperature and the current value of the exhaust device temperature. The method computes a temperature of an exhaust gas on the basis of a rotating speed, a charging efficiency, an ignition timing, an equivalent ratio, an external EGR rate, an exhaust valve opening timing, and a supercharging pressure, estimates a temperature of an exhaust device on the basis of the exhaust gas temperature, an amount of an intake air, a temperature of a fluid around the exhaust device and a flow rate around the exhaust device, and transiently corrects at least one of the ignition timing, the equivalent ratio, the external EGR rate, and the exhaust valve opening timing, on the basis of the estimation value and the reference value.
摘要:
There is provided an engine control device which can accurately calculate a compensation coefficient used for transient compensation of an ignition timing without involving a complicated and large-scale calculation model in order to prevent a combustion deterioration and the like caused by a mechanical response delay and the like of the variable valve timing mechanism at a transition time such as an acceleration/deceleration time. The angular difference between each current real phase of the intake/exhaust valves 21 and 22 and a target phase set based on an engine load equivalent amount such as an intake air amount is obtained; the shift amount or its correlation value between a current real intake air amount and a theoretical intake air amount value calculated using a pressure inside an intake manifold when each phase of the intake/exhaust valves has reached the target phase is obtained; further a compensation coefficient for matching the shift amount or its correlation value with the angular difference is obtained; and the compensation coefficient is used to perform transient compensation of an ignition timing.
摘要:
An internal combustion engine control device is provided which can accurately estimate intake pipe temperature behavior during transient time even in an internal combustion engine embedded with a variable valve or a turbocharger. The internal combustion engine control device estimates transient behavior of the intake pipe temperature, on the basis of a flow rate (dGafs/dt) of gas flowing into the intake pipe, a flow rate (dGcyl/dt) of gas flowing from the intake pipe, an intake pipe pressure Pin, and a temporal changing rate (dPin/dt) of the intake pipe pressure. The device performs knocking control during transient time, on the basis of the estimated transient behavior of the intake pipe temperature.
摘要:
An organic light-emitting element having high efficiency and long lifetime is provided. An organic light-emitting body is provided which includes a host having a high electron-transport property (n-type host), a host having a high hole-transport property (p-type host), and a guest such as an iridium complex and in which the n-type host and the p-type host are located so as to be adjacent to each other. When an electron and a hole are injected to such a light-emitting body, the electron is trapped by the n-type host and the hole is trapped by the p-type host. Then, both the electron and the hole are injected to the guest, and thus the guest is brought into an excited state. In this process, less thermal deactivation occurs and the working rate of the guest is high; thus, highly efficient light emission can be obtained.
摘要:
A light-emitting element having high external quantum efficiency is provided. A light-emitting element having low drive voltage is provided. Provided is a light-emitting element which includes a light-emitting layer containing a phosphorescent compound, a first organic compound, and a second organic compound between a pair of electrodes. A combination of the first organic compound and the second organic compound forms an exciplex (excited complex). An emission spectrum of the exciplex overlaps with an absorption band located on the longest wavelength side of an absorption spectrum of the phosphorescent compound. A peak wavelength of the emission spectrum of the exciplex is longer than or equal to a peak wavelength of the absorption band located on the longest wavelength side of the absorption spectrum of the phosphorescent compound.
摘要:
A driving force transmission apparatus includes: a first cam mechanism that converts rotational force from a housing into first cam thrust force used as clutch force of a main clutch when the first cam mechanism is actuated through clutch action of a pilot clutch; and a second cam mechanism that is actuated prior to conversion of the rotational force into the first cam thrust force by the first cam mechanism, and that generates second cam thrust force for reducing an interval between clutch plates of the main clutch. The second cam mechanism includes an input cam member that rotates upon receiving rotational force used as actuating force of the input cam member from a cam actuating driving source, and an output cam member that generates the second cam thrust force between the output cam member and the input cam member and outputs the second cam thrust force.
摘要:
An object is to provide a semiconductor device with stable electric characteristics in which an oxide semiconductor is used. An impurity such as hydrogen or moisture (e.g., a hydrogen atom or a compound containing a hydrogen atom such as H2O) is eliminated from an oxide semiconductor layer with use of a halogen element typified by fluorine or chlorine, so that the impurity concentration in the oxide semiconductor layer is reduced. A gate insulating layer and/or an insulating layer provided in contact with the oxide semiconductor layer can be formed to contain a halogen element. In addition, a halogen element may be attached to the oxide semiconductor layer through plasma treatment under an atmosphere of a gas containing a halogen element.