公开(公告)号：US20110025338A1

公开(公告)日：2011-02-03

申请号：US12462354

申请日：2009-08-03

Applicant: Mark J. Willey ,  Lian Guo ,  Steven T. Mayer

Inventor： Mark J. Willey ,  Lian Guo ,  Steven T. Mayer

IPC: G01N27/06

CPC classification number: G01N27/42

Abstract: The working electrode in the flow channel of a flow-through electrolytic detection cell is preconditioned by flowing a preconditioning electroplating solution with preconditioner species through the flow channel while applying a negative potential. Flow of liquid through the flow channel is rapidly switched from preconditioning solution to a target solution containing an organic target solute to be measured. The transient response of the system resulting from exposure of the working electrode to organic target solute is detected by measuring current density during an initial transient time period. An unknown concentration of target solute is determined by comparing the transient response with one or more transient responses characteristic of known concentrations. A preferred measuring system is operable to switch flow from preconditioning solution to target solution in about 200 milliseconds or less.

Abstract translation: 通过电流检测单元的流动通道中的工作电极通过在施加负电位的情况下通过流动通道流动具有预调节剂种类的预处理电镀溶液来预处理。 通过流动通道的液体流从预处理溶液快速切换到含有待测量的有机靶溶质的目标溶液。 通过在初始瞬变时间段内测量电流密度来检测由工作电极暴露于有机靶溶质而产生的系统的瞬态响应。 通过将瞬态响应与已知浓度特征的一个或多个瞬态响应进行比较来确定目标溶质浓度未知。 优选的测量系统可操作以在大约200毫秒或更短的时间内将流从预处理溶液切换到目标溶液。

公开(公告)号：US08372258B2

公开(公告)日：2013-02-12

申请号：US12462354

申请日：2009-08-03

Applicant: Mark J. Willey ,  Lian Guo ,  Steven T. Mayer

Inventor： Mark J. Willey ,  Lian Guo ,  Steven T. Mayer

IPC: C25D21/14 ,  G01N27/42

CPC classification number: G01N27/42

Abstract: The working electrode in the flow channel of a flow-through electrolytic detection cell is preconditioned by flowing a preconditioning electroplating solution with preconditioner species through the flow channel while applying a negative potential. Flow of liquid through the flow channel is rapidly switched from preconditioning solution to a target solution containing an organic target solute to be measured. The transient response of the system resulting from exposure of the working electrode to organic target solute is detected by measuring current density during an initial transient time period. An unknown concentration of target solute is determined by comparing the transient response with one or more transient responses characteristic of known concentrations. A preferred measuring system is operable to switch flow from preconditioning solution to target solution in about 200 milliseconds or less.

Abstract translation: 通过电流检测单元的流动通道中的工作电极通过在施加负电位的情况下通过流动通道流动具有预调节剂种类的预处理电镀溶液来预处理。 通过流动通道的液体流从预处理溶液快速切换到含有待测量的有机靶溶质的目标溶液。 通过在初始瞬变时间段内测量电流密度来检测由工作电极暴露于有机靶溶质而产生的系统的瞬态响应。 通过将瞬态响应与已知浓度特征的一个或多个瞬态响应进行比较来确定目标溶质浓度未知。 优选的测量系统可操作以在大约200毫秒或更短的时间内将流从预处理溶液切换到目标溶液。

公开(公告)号：US08962085B2

公开(公告)日：2015-02-24

申请号：US12684787

申请日：2010-01-08

Applicant: Steven T. Mayer ,  David W. Porter ,  Mark J. Willey

Inventor： Steven T. Mayer ,  David W. Porter ,  Mark J. Willey

IPC: C25D5/34 ,  B05D5/12 ,  H05K3/00 ,  B05D3/00 ,  C25D5/02 ,  B05D1/02 ,  B05D1/18 ,  B23H3/00 ,  C25D7/12 ,  H01L21/288 ,  H01L21/768 ,  C25D17/00 ,  C25D21/04 ,  C25D5/00 ,  C25D3/38

CPC classification number: H01L21/2885 ,  C25D3/38 ,  C25D5/003 ,  C25D5/02 ,  C25D5/34 ,  C25D7/123 ,  C25D17/001 ,  C25D21/04 ,  H01L21/76861 ,  H01L21/76898

Abstract: Disclosed are pre-wetting apparatus designs and methods. These apparatus designs and methods are used to pre-wet a wafer prior to plating a metal on the surface of the wafer. Disclosed compositions of the pre-wetting fluid prevent corrosion of a seed layer on the wafer and also improve the filling rates of features on the wafer.

Abstract translation: 公开了预润湿装置的设计和方法。 这些设备的设计和方法用于在将晶片上的金属镀覆在晶片表面之前预先浸湿晶片。 公开的预润湿流体的组合物防止晶片上种子层的腐蚀，并且还改善晶片上特征的填充率。

公开(公告)号：US20100320609A1

公开(公告)日：2010-12-23

申请号：US12684787

申请日：2010-01-08

Applicant: Steven T. Mayer ,  David W. Porter ,  Mark J. Willey

Inventor： Steven T. Mayer ,  David W. Porter ,  Mark J. Willey

IPC: H01L21/3205 ,  H01L21/302 ,  H01L23/52

CPC classification number: H01L21/2885 ,  C25D3/38 ,  C25D5/003 ,  C25D5/02 ,  C25D5/34 ,  C25D7/123 ,  C25D17/001 ,  C25D21/04 ,  H01L21/76861 ,  H01L21/76898

Abstract: Disclosed are pre-wetting apparatus designs and methods. These apparatus designs and methods are used to pre-wet a wafer prior to plating a metal on the surface of the wafer. Disclosed compositions of the pre-wetting fluid prevent corrosion of a seed layer on the wafer and also improve the filling rates of features on the wafer.

Abstract translation: 公开了预润湿装置的设计和方法。 这些设备的设计和方法用于在将晶片上的金属镀覆在晶片表面之前预先浸湿晶片。 公开的预润湿流体的组合物防止晶片上种子层的腐蚀，并且还改善晶片上特征的填充率。

公开(公告)号：US20110284386A1

公开(公告)日：2011-11-24

申请号：US13110488

申请日：2011-05-18

Applicant: Mark J. Willey ,  Steven T. Mayer

Inventor： Mark J. Willey ,  Steven T. Mayer

IPC: C25D5/02 ,  C25D19/00 ,  C25D3/38

CPC classification number: C25D3/38 ,  C25D5/022 ,  C25D7/123 ,  C25D21/12 ,  H01L21/2885 ,  H01L21/76879 ,  H01L21/76898 ,  H01L23/53228 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  H01L2924/00

Abstract: A method for electrofilling large, high aspect ratio recessed features with copper without depositing substantial amounts of copper in the field region is provided. The method allows completely filling recessed features having aspect ratios of at least about 5:1 such as at least about 10:1, and widths of at least about 1 μm in a substantially void-free manner without depositing more than 5% of copper in the field region (relative to the thickness deposited in the recessed feature). The method involves contacting the substrate having one or more large, high aspect ratio recessed features (such as a TSVs) with an electrolyte comprising copper ions and an organic dual state inhibitor (DSI) configured for inhibiting copper deposition in the field region, and electrodepositing copper under potential-controlled conditions, where the potential is controlled not exceed the critical potential of the DSI.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于电镀大量，高纵横比的凹陷特征与铜而不在现场区域中沉积大量铜的方法。 该方法允许以基本无空隙的方式完全填充具有至少约5:1的纵横比（例如至少约10:1）和至少约1μm的宽度的凹陷特征，而不沉积超过5％的铜 场区域（相对于沉积在凹陷特征中的厚度）。 该方法包括将具有一个或多个大的，高纵横比的凹陷特征（例如TSV）的基底与包含铜离子的电解质和被配置用于抑制场区中的铜沉积的有机双态抑制剂（DSI）接触，以及电沉积 在电势控制条件下，电位控制的铜不超过DSI的临界电位。

公开(公告)号：US20100320081A1

公开(公告)日：2010-12-23

申请号：US12684792

申请日：2010-01-08

Applicant: Steven T. Mayer ,  David W. Porter ,  Mark J. Willey

Inventor： Steven T. Mayer ,  David W. Porter ,  Mark J. Willey

IPC: C25B9/00 ,  B08B3/00

CPC classification number: H01L21/2885 ,  C25D3/38 ,  C25D5/003 ,  C25D5/02 ,  C25D5/34 ,  C25D7/123 ,  C25D17/001 ,  C25D21/04 ,  H01L21/76861 ,  H01L21/76898

Abstract: Disclosed are pre-wetting apparatus designs and methods. These apparatus designs and methods are used to pre-wet a wafer prior to plating a metal on the surface of the wafer. Disclosed compositions of the pre-wetting fluid prevent corrosion of a seed layer on the wafer and also improve the filling rates of features on the wafer.

Abstract translation: 公开了预润湿装置的设计和方法。 这些设备的设计和方法用于在将晶片上的金属镀覆在晶片表面之前预先浸湿晶片。 公开的预润湿流体的组合物防止晶片上种子层的腐蚀，并且还改善晶片上特征的填充率。

公开(公告)号：US08992757B2

公开(公告)日：2015-03-31

申请号：US13110488

申请日：2011-05-18

Applicant: Mark J. Willey ,  Steven T. Mayer

Inventor： Mark J. Willey ,  Steven T. Mayer

IPC: C25D3/38 ,  H01L21/768 ,  H01L21/288 ,  C25D7/12 ,  C25D5/02

CPC classification number: C25D3/38 ,  C25D5/022 ,  C25D7/123 ,  C25D21/12 ,  H01L21/2885 ,  H01L21/76879 ,  H01L21/76898 ,  H01L23/53228 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  H01L2924/00

Abstract: A method for electrofilling large, high aspect ratio recessed features with copper without depositing substantial amounts of copper in the field region is provided. The method allows completely filling recessed features having aspect ratios of at least about 5:1 such as at least about 10:1, and widths of at least about 1 μm in a substantially void-free manner without depositing more than 5% of copper in the field region (relative to the thickness deposited in the recessed feature). The method involves contacting the substrate having one or more large, high aspect ratio recessed features (such as a TSVs) with an electrolyte comprising copper ions and an organic dual state inhibitor (DSI) configured for inhibiting copper deposition in the field region, and electrodepositing copper under potential-controlled conditions, where the potential is controlled not exceed the critical potential of the DSI.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于电镀大量，高纵横比的凹陷特征与铜而不在现场区域中沉积大量铜的方法。 该方法允许以基本无空隙的方式完全填充具有至少约5:1的纵横比（例如至少约10:1）和至少约1μm的宽度的凹陷特征，而不沉积超过5％的铜 场区域（相对于沉积在凹陷特征中的厚度）。 该方法包括将具有一个或多个大的，高纵横比的凹陷特征（例如TSV）的基底与包含铜离子的电解质和被配置用于抑制场区中的铜沉积的有机双态抑制剂（DSI）接触，以及电沉积 在电势控制条件下，电位控制的铜不超过DSI的临界电位。

公开(公告)号：US20130284604A1

公开(公告)日：2013-10-31

申请号：US13869891

申请日：2013-04-24

Applicant: Tighe A. Spurlin ,  Charles L. Merrill ,  Ludan Huang ,  Matthew Thorum ,  Lee Brogan ,  James E. Duncan ,  Frederick D. Wilmot ,  Marshall R. Stowell ,  Steven T. Mayer ,  Haiying Fu ,  David W. Porter ,  Shantinath Ghongadi ,  Jonathan D. Reid ,  Hyosang S. Lee ,  Mark J. Willey

Inventor： Tighe A. Spurlin ,  Charles L. Merrill ,  Ludan Huang ,  Matthew Thorum ,  Lee Brogan ,  James E. Duncan ,  Frederick D. Wilmot ,  Marshall R. Stowell ,  Steven T. Mayer ,  Haiying Fu ,  David W. Porter ,  Shantinath Ghongadi ,  Jonathan D. Reid ,  Hyosang S. Lee ,  Mark J. Willey

IPC: C25D21/14 ,  C25D17/00 ,  C25D3/38

CPC classification number: C25D21/14 ,  C25D3/38 ,  C25D17/001 ,  C25D17/002 ,  C25D21/12 ,  C25D21/18

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for electroplating metal onto substrates are disclosed. The electroplating apparatus comprise an electroplating cell and at least one oxidization device. The electroplating cell comprises a cathode chamber and an anode chamber separated by a porous barrier that allows metal cations to pass through but prevents organic particles from crossing. The oxidation device (ODD) is configured to oxidize cations of the metal to be electroplated onto the substrate, which cations are present in the anolyte during electroplating. In some embodiments, the ODD is implemented as a carbon anode that removes Cu(I) from the anolyte electrochemically. In other embodiments, the ODD is implemented as an oxygenation device (OGD) or an impressed current cathodic protection anode (ICCP anode), both of which increase oxygen concentration in anolyte solutions. Methods for efficient electroplating are also disclosed.

Abstract translation: 公开了将金属电镀到基底上的装置和方法。 电镀装置包括电镀电池和至少一个氧化装置。 电镀电池包括阴极室和阳极室，隔室由金属阳离子通过但防止有机颗粒穿过。 氧化装置（ODD）被配置为将要电镀的金属的阳离子氧化到基底上，该阳离子在电镀期间存在于阳极电解液中。 在一些实施方案中，ODD被实施为碳阳极，其通过电化学方法从阳极电解液中除去Cu（I）。 在其他实施方案中，ODD被实施为氧化装置（OGD）或外加电流阴极保护阳极（ICCP阳极），这两者都增加了阳极电解液溶液中的氧浓度。 还公开了高效电镀的方法。

公开(公告)号：US09109295B2

公开(公告)日：2015-08-18

申请号：US12577619

申请日：2009-10-12

Applicant: Jonathan D. Reid ,  Seshasayee Varadarajan ,  Steven T. Mayer

Inventor： Jonathan D. Reid ,  Seshasayee Varadarajan ,  Steven T. Mayer

IPC: C25D17/00 ,  C25D21/18 ,  C25D3/38 ,  C25D21/02 ,  C25D21/14 ,  C25D7/12

CPC classification number: C25D17/00 ,  C25D3/38 ,  C25D7/123 ,  C25D17/001 ,  C25D21/02 ,  C25D21/14 ,  C25D21/18

Abstract: An electroplating apparatus for filling recessed features on a semiconductor substrate includes an electrolyte concentrator configured for concentrating an electrolyte having Cu2+ ions to form a concentrated electrolyte solution that would have been supersaturated at 20° C. The electrolyte is maintained at a temperature that is higher than 20° C., such as at least at about 40° C. The apparatus further includes a concentrated electrolyte reservoir and a plating cell, where the plating cell is configured for electroplating with concentrated electrolyte at a temperature of at least about 40° C. Electroplating with electrolytes having Cu2+ concentration of at least about 60 g/L at temperatures of at least about 40° C. results in very fast copper deposition rates, and is particularly well-suited for filling large, high aspect ratio features, such as through-silicon vias.

Abstract translation: 用于在半导体衬底上填充凹陷特征的电镀设备包括电解质浓缩器，其被配置用于浓缩具有Cu 2+离子的电解质，以形成在20℃下已经过饱和的浓缩电解质溶液。电解质保持在高于 20℃，例如至少约40℃。该设备还包括浓缩电解质储存器和电镀池，其中电镀单元被配置为在至少约40℃的温度下用浓缩电解质电镀。 在至少约40℃的温度下，具有Cu2 +浓度至少约60g / L的电解质的电镀导致非常快的铜沉积速率，并且特别适合于填充大的高纵横比特征，例如通过 硅通孔。

公开(公告)号：US08513124B1

公开(公告)日：2013-08-20

申请号：US12785205

申请日：2010-05-21

Applicant: Thomas A. Ponnuswamy ,  John H. Sukamto ,  Jonathan D. Reid ,  Steven T. Mayer

Inventor： Thomas A. Ponnuswamy ,  John H. Sukamto ,  Jonathan D. Reid ,  Steven T. Mayer

IPC: H01L21/44

CPC classification number: H01L21/76873 ,  C25D3/38 ,  C25D5/18 ,  C25D5/50 ,  C25D7/123 ,  H01L21/2885 ,  H01L21/76843 ,  H01L21/76864 ,  H01L2221/1089

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of depositing a copper seed layer to be used for subsequent electroplating a bulk-layer of copper thereon. A copper seed layer may be deposited with different processes, including CVD, PVD, and electroplating. With electroplating methods for depositing a copper seed layer, disclosed are methods for depositing a copper alloy seed layer, methods for depositing a copper seed layer on the semi-noble metal layer with a non-corrosive electrolyte, methods of treating the semi-noble metal layer that the copper seed layer is deposited on, and methods for promoting a more uniform copper seed layer deposition across a semiconductor wafer.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种沉积铜籽晶层的方法，该铜籽晶层用于随后电镀铜的体层。 铜种子层可以以不同的工艺沉积，包括CVD，PVD和电镀。 利用用于沉积铜籽晶层的电镀方法，公开了用于沉积铜合金晶种层的方法，用非腐蚀性电解质在半贵金属层上沉积铜籽晶层的方法，处理半贵金属的方法 沉积铜籽晶层的层，以及用于促进越过半导体晶片的更均匀的铜籽晶层沉积的方法。