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    Apparatus and method for fabricating arrays of atomic-scale contacts and gaps between electrodes and applications thereof
    1.
    发明授权
    Apparatus and method for fabricating arrays of atomic-scale contacts and gaps between electrodes and applications thereof 失效
    用于制造原子尺度接触阵列和电极之间的间隙的装置和方法及其应用

    公开(公告)号：US07030452B2

    公开(公告)日：2006-04-18

    申请号：US10795151

    申请日：2004-03-04

    申请人： Nongjian Tao ,  Salah Boussaad

    发明人： Nongjian Tao ,  Salah Boussaad

    IPC分类号： H01L27/14 ,  H01L29/82 ,  H01L29/84

    CPC分类号： G01R33/06 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  B82Y15/00 ,  H01L49/006 ,  H01L51/0595

    摘要： A method for forming atomic-scale contacts and atomic-scale gaps between two electrodes is disclosed. The method provides for applying a voltage between two electrodes in a circuit with a resistor. The applied voltage etches metal ions off one electrode and deposits the metal ions onto the second electrode. The metal ions are deposited on the sharpest point of the second electrode, causing the second electrode to grow towards the first electrode until an atomic-scale contact is formed. By increasing the magnitude of the resistor, the etching and deposition process will terminate prior to contact, forming an atomic-scale gap. The atomic-scale contacts and gaps formed according to this method are useful as a variety of nanosensors including chemical sensors, biosensors, hydrogen ion sensors, heavy metal ion sensors, magnetoresistive sensors, and molecular switches.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种在两个电极之间形成原子尺度接触和原子尺度间隙的方法。 该方法提供了在具有电阻器的电路中的两个电极之间施加电压。 施加的电压将金属离子从一个电极上除去并将金属离子沉积到第二电极上。 金属离子沉积在第二电极的最尖点上，导致第二电极朝着第一电极生长，直到形成原子级接触。 通过增加电阻的大小，蚀刻和沉积过程将在接触之前终止，形成原子尺度间隙。 根据该方法形成的原子尺度接触和间隙可用作各种包括化学传感器，生物传感器，氢离子传感器，重金属离子传感器，磁阻传感器和分子开关的纳米传感器。

    Apparatus and method for fabricating arrays of atomic-scale contacts and gaps between electrodes and applications thereof
    2.
    发明授权
    Apparatus and method for fabricating arrays of atomic-scale contacts and gaps between electrodes and applications thereof 失效
    用于制造原子尺度接触阵列和电极之间的间隙的装置和方法及其应用

    公开(公告)号：US06737286B2

    公开(公告)日：2004-05-18

    申请号：US10305708

    申请日：2002-11-27

    申请人： Nongjian Tao ,  Salah Boussaad

    发明人： Nongjian Tao ,  Salah Boussaad

    IPC分类号： H01L2166

    CPC分类号： G01R33/06 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  B82Y15/00 ,  H01L49/006 ,  H01L51/0595

    摘要： A method for forming atomic-scale contacts and atomic-scale gaps between two electrodes is disclosed. The method provides for applying a voltage between two electrodes in a circuit with a resistor. The applied voltage etches metal ions off one electrode and deposits the metal ions onto the second electrode. The metal ions are deposited on the sharpest point of the second electrode, causing the second electrode to grow towards the first electrode until an atomic-scale contact is formed. By increasing the magnitude of the resistor, the etching and deposition process will terminate prior to contact, forming an atomic-scale gap. The atomic-scale contacts and gaps formed according to this method are useful as a variety of nanosensors including chemical sensors, biosensors, hydrogen ion sensors, heavy metal ion sensors, magnetoresistive sensors, and molecular switches.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种在两个电极之间形成原子尺度接触和原子尺度间隙的方法。 该方法提供了在具有电阻器的电路中的两个电极之间施加电压。 施加的电压将金属离子从一个电极上除去并将金属离子沉积到第二电极上。 金属离子沉积在第二电极的最尖点上，导致第二电极朝着第一电极生长，直到形成原子级接触。 通过增加电阻的大小，蚀刻和沉积过程将在接触之前终止，形成原子尺度间隙。 根据该方法形成的原子尺度接触和间隙可用作各种包括化学传感器，生物传感器，氢离子传感器，重金属离子传感器，磁阻传感器和分子开关的纳米传感器。

    Chemical and biological sensing using tuning forks
    3.
    发明授权
    Chemical and biological sensing using tuning forks 有权
    化学和生物传感使用调音叉

    公开(公告)号：US08215170B2

    公开(公告)日：2012-07-10

    申请号：US11568209

    申请日：2006-10-23

    申请人： Nongjian Tao ,  Salah Boussaad

    发明人： Nongjian Tao ,  Salah Boussaad

    IPC分类号： G01N29/12

    CPC分类号： G01N29/036 ,  G01N29/022 ,  G01N2291/014 ,  G01N2291/0257 ,  Y10T29/49117 ,  Y10T29/49574

    摘要： A device for sensing a chemical analyte is disclosed. The device is comprised of a vibrating structure having first and second surfaces and having an associated resonant frequency and a wire coupled between the first and second surfaces of the vibrating structure, wherein the analyte interacts with the wire and causes a change in the resonant frequency of the vibrating structure. The vibrating structure can include a tuning fork. The vibrating structure can be comprised of quartz. The wire can be comprised of polymer. A plurality of vibrating structures are arranged in an array to increase confidence by promoting a redundancy of measurement or to detect a plurality of chemical analytes. A method of making a device for sensing a chemical analyte is also disclosed.

    摘要翻译： 公开了用于感测化学分析物的装置。 该装置包括具有第一和第二表面并且具有相关联的谐振频率的振动结构和耦合在振动结构的第一和第二表面之间的导线，其中分析物与导线相互作用并导致谐振频率的变化 振动结构。 振动结构可以包括音叉。 振动结构可以由石英组成。 电线可以由聚合物组成。 多个振动结构被布置成阵列以通过促进测量的冗余或检测多个化学分析物来增加置信度。 还公开了一种制造用于感测化学分析物的装置的方法。

    Surface plasmon resonance detection with high angular resolution and fast response time
    4.
    发明授权
    Surface plasmon resonance detection with high angular resolution and fast response time 失效
    表面等离子体共振检测具有高角度分辨率和快速响应时间

    公开(公告)号：US06784999B1

    公开(公告)日：2004-08-31

    申请号：US10031659

    申请日：2001-11-13

    申请人： Nongjian Tao ,  Salah Boussaad ,  Wenlue Huang

    发明人： Nongjian Tao ,  Salah Boussaad ,  Wenlue Huang

    IPC分类号： G01N2100

    CPC分类号： G01N21/553

    摘要： A device and method of detecting surface plasmon resonance for sensing molecules or conformational changes in molecules with high resolution and fast response time is disclosed. Light from a light source (14) is focused through a prism onto a metal thin film (15) on which sample molecules to be detected are adsorbed. The total internal reflection of the laser/incident light is collected with a differential position or intensity sensitive photo-detecting device instead of a single cell or an array of photo-detectors (12) that are widely used in previous works. The ratio of the differential signal to the sum signal of the differential position or intensity sensitive photo-detecting device (12) provides an accurate measurement of the shift in the surface plasmon resonance angle caused by the adsorption of molecules onto the metal films (15) or by conformational changes in the adsorbed molecules. The present invention requires no numerical fitting to determine the resonant angle and the setup is compact and immune to background light, The methods and sensors of this invention can be used in numerous biological, biochemical, and chemical applications such as measuring subtle conformational changes in molecules and electron transfer reactions can be studied.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于检测表面等离子体共振以用于感测分子的分子或构象变化的装置和方法，其具有高分辨率和快速响应时间。 来自光源（14）的光通过棱镜聚焦到金属薄膜（15）上，待测样品分子被吸附在其上。 激光/入射光的全部内部反射是用差分位置或强度敏感的光检测装置代替在以前的工作中广泛使用的单个电池或光电检测器阵列（12）来收集的。 微分信号与差分位置或强度敏感光检测装置（12）的和信号的比率提供了由分子吸附到金属膜（15）上引起的表面等离子体共振角的偏移的精确测量， 或通过吸附分子的构象变化。 本发明不需要数值拟合来确定共振角，并且设置是紧凑的并且不受背景光的影响。本发明的方法和传感器可用于许多生物学，生物化学和化学应用，例如测量分子中微妙的构象变化 并可以研究电子转移反应。

    POLYMER BLEND COMPOSITIONS
    6.
    发明申请
    POLYMER BLEND COMPOSITIONS 失效
    聚合物混合组合物

    公开(公告)号：US20120142866A1

    公开(公告)日：2012-06-07

    申请号：US12961551

    申请日：2010-12-07

    申请人： Salah Boussaad ,  Gloria T. Worrell

    发明人： Salah Boussaad ,  Gloria T. Worrell

    IPC分类号： C08L33/20

    CPC分类号： C08L35/00 ,  C08L1/00 ,  C08L33/18 ,  C08L39/00 ,  C08L2205/03

    摘要： Provided are filled polyimides that can be used in films and articles comprising the films. The films are useful in coverlay applications and have advantageous optical properties. Also provided are blends of polyimide precursor, polyacrylonitrile, and cellulosic polymer which can be used to obtain the filled polyimides.

    摘要翻译： 提供了可用于包括膜的膜和制品的填充聚酰亚胺。 这些膜在覆盖物应用中是有用的并且具有有利的光学性质。 还提供了可用于获得填充的聚酰亚胺的聚酰亚胺前体，聚丙烯腈和纤维素聚合物的共混物。