摘要:
A fuel cell system has a reformer unit (1) for generating a reformate which is provided as a fuel for a fuel cell unit (4). The fuel cell system includes a sensor (5, 6, 7) for monitoring the quality of the reformate and a valve (9, 10) which can be controlled in dependence upon the sensor. Compared to conventional systems, the valve can react very rapidly to disturbances in the preparation of the reformate and can especially prevent that disturbances lead to damage of the fuel cell unit (4) and the electrical output power of the fuel cell unit continues to be controllable. This is achieved in that at least one storage unit (11) is provided for feeding fuel to the fuel cell unit (4) in dependence upon the quality of the reformate.
摘要:
A combustion system is for generating energy by the combustion of a fuel, using a combustion device, such as, for example, a gasoline or diesel engine. An emission control system is provided for converting exhaust gas components using an automotive fluid, by the use of which energy, that is relatively environmentally protective and made available for varied applications. At least one hydrogen generating unit is provided for converting the automotive fluid at least partially into an hydrogen-containing fuel.
摘要:
A sensor (1) for ascertaining a carbon monoxide concentration of a gas mixture (2), having a proton-conducting electrolyte (4) disposed between at least two electrochemically active electrodes (5, 6), in particular catalytically active electrodes (5, 6), of which at least one electrode is CO-sensitive, and in which a measurement unit (8) for measuring at least a first, electrical operating parameter of the sensor (1) at at least one electrode (5, 6) of the sensor (1) is provided, is proposed, with which calibration intervals are markedly lengthened and cross-sensitivities are minimized. This is attained according to the invention in that an evaluation unit (8) is provided for evaluating a change over time in the first, electrical operating parameter of the sensor (1) as a function of a known change over time of at least one second operating parameter.
摘要:
The invention relates to a procedure for controlling the reducing agent in an exhaust gas post-processing system of a combustion machine with an exhaust gas duct, in which an SCR catalytic converter is provided in the direction of flow of the exhaust, wherein a reducing agent generation system has an NOx and CO/H2 generation unit,, an oxidation catalytic converter and a combined NOx storage / ammonia generation unit in the standard gas route of the reducing agent generation system, and, in order to reduce nitrogen oxide, ammonia is added as a reducing agent in front of the SCR catalytic converter by the reducing agent generation system, wherein source materials for the generation of ammonia are at least intermittently added to the NOx and CO/H2 generation unit via a fuel supply line and via an air supply line, wherein during the fat phase the air/fuel composition is changed in front of the oxidation catalytic converter in the form of a lambda modulation for a lambda value. It can thus be achieved that, in pulse mode, a high H2/CO yield can be achieved with a simultaneously low HC slip and the higher HC penetrations associated with the natural aging of the catalytic converter and the decreasing H2/CO yields are compensated. Influences resulting from the reactor geometry of the oxidation catalytic converter can be influences or compensated with the procedure in terms of its drive-away characteristic.
摘要翻译:本发明涉及一种用于控制具有废气管道的燃烧机的废气后处理系统中的还原剂的方法,其中SCR催化转化器沿排气方向设置,其中还原剂 发电系统具有NO x SO 2 CO 2 H 2生成单元,氧化催化转化器和组合NO x SO 2储存/氨生成单元 在还原剂生成系统的标准气体路径中,为了还原氮氧化物,通过还原剂生成系统在SCR催化转化器前添加氨作为还原剂,其中用于产生氨的源材料 至少经由燃料供应管线经由空气供应管线间歇地添加到NO / CO 2 H 2 CO 2 H 2 CO 2 H 2 CO 2 H 2 CO 2 H 2代单元中,其中在脂肪相期间空气/ 燃料组成在氧化催化转化器前面形式变化 的λ值的λ调制。 因此,可以实现在脉冲模式下,可以同时具有低HC滑移和与催化转化器的自然老化相关联的较高的HC渗透率实现高H 2 / CO / CO收率 减少H 2 / CO产率被补偿。 由氧化催化转化器的反应器几何结构产生的影响可以根据其驱走特性的程序来影响或补偿。
摘要:
A method for influencing exhaust-gas characteristics of a motor vehicle having a combustion engine in which the exhaust-gas composition and/or the exhaust-gas temperature are/is influenced with the aid of an emission management system that includes a control device having an emission management algorithm and at least one control element. The exhaust-gas values are able to be optimized, and the fuel consumption lowered if the generator output is increased or lowered by the emission management system within the framework of an emission management measure.
摘要:
A device for ascertaining a particle concentration in an exhaust gas flow of a combustion device, particularly a diesel combustion device, is provided, which device ascertains very small particle concentrations in the exhaust gas of combustion devices, accompanied by high time resolution. At least one measuring unit is provided for measuring a concentration of an oxidizing agent in the exhaust gas flow, having at least one measuring element sensitive to the oxidizing agent.
摘要:
A method for metering ammonia into the exhaust-gas region of an internal combustion engine and a device for implementing the method. The ammonia storage capacity of an SCR catalytic converter situated in the exhaust-gas region of the internal combustion engine is utilized. After the internal combustion engine has been switched off, ammonia is introduced into the exhaust-gas region in front of the SCR catalytic converter. Thus, following a renewed start-up of the internal combustion engine, the ammonia required in the SCR catalytic converter for reducing the nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine are already available before an ammonia source is ready for operation. The procedure eliminates the need for a pressure storage of ammonia in the switched-off state of the internal combustion engine.
摘要:
A method of and apparatus for controlling the reducing agent in an exhaust gas aftertreatment system of an internal combustion engine with an exhaust gas duct in which an SCR catalyst is provided in the direction of flow of the exhaust gas. A reducing agent-generating system (RGS) comprising an NOx and CO/H2 production unit as well as a combined NOx storage/ammonia production unit in the standard gas path of the reducing agent-generating system. Ammonia is delivered upstream from the SCR catalyst to reduce nitrogen oxides, starting materials for producing the ammonia being fed at least in part to the NOx and CO/H2 production unit via a fuel inlet and an air inlet. An AGC matrix of the combined NOx storage/ammonia production unit is cooled at least intermittently by means of an inner and/or outer cooling device. Cooling results in the longest possible section of the running length (L) and thus the largest possible volume percent of the AGX matrix within the combined NOx storage/ammonia production unit having an optimum temperature range regarding the highest possible ammonia yield, which overall contributes to a great ammonia production rate.
摘要翻译:一种在具有废气管道的内燃机的废气后处理系统中控制还原剂的方法和装置,其中在废气流动方向上设置有SCR催化剂。 一种还原剂生成系统(RGS),其包括NOx和CO / H 2生产单元,以及在还原剂产生系统的标准气体路径中的组合的NOx储存/氨生产单元。 氨在SCR催化剂的上游被输送以还原氮氧化物,用于产生氨的起始材料至少部分地通过燃料入口和空气入口供给至NOx和CO / H 2生产单元。 组合的NOx储存/氨生产单元的AGC矩阵通过内部和/或外部冷却装置至少间歇地冷却。 冷却导致运行长度(L)的最长可能部分,因此在组合的NOx储存/氨生产单元内的AGX基质的最大体积百分比具有关于最高可能的氨产量的最佳温度范围,其总体上有助于 氨生产率很高。
摘要:
A method of and apparatus for controlling the reducing agent in an exhaust gas aftertreatment system of an internal combustion engine with an exhaust gas duct in which an SCR catalyst is provided in the direction of flow of the exhaust gas. A reducing agent-generating system (RGS) comprising an NOx and CO/H2 production unit as well as a combined NOx storage/ammonia production unit in the standard gas path of the reducing agent-generating system. Ammonia is delivered upstream from the SCR catalyst to reduce nitrogen oxides, starting materials for producing the ammonia being fed at least in part to the NOx and CO/H2 production unit via a fuel inlet and an air inlet. An AGC matrix of the combined NOx storage/ammonia production unit is cooled at least intermittently by means of an inner and/or outer cooling device. Cooling results in the longest possible section of the running length (L) and thus the largest possible volume percent of the AGX matrix within the combined NOx storage/ammonia production unit having an optimum temperature range regarding the highest possible ammonia yield, which overall contributes to a great ammonia production rate.
摘要翻译:一种在具有废气管道的内燃机的废气后处理系统中控制还原剂的方法和装置,其中在废气流动方向上设置有SCR催化剂。 一种还原剂生成系统(RGS),其包括NOx和CO / H 2生产单元,以及在还原剂产生系统的标准气体路径中的组合的NOx储存/氨生产单元。 氨在SCR催化剂的上游被输送以还原氮氧化物,用于产生氨的起始材料至少部分地通过燃料入口和空气入口供给至NOx和CO / H 2生产单元。 组合的NOx储存/氨生产单元的AGC矩阵通过内部和/或外部冷却装置至少间歇地冷却。 冷却导致运行长度(L)的最长可能部分,因此在组合的NOx储存/氨生产单元内的AGX基质的最大体积百分比具有关于最高可能的氨产率的最佳温度范围,其总体上有助于 氨生产率很高。
摘要:
The present invention relates to an for apparatus and a method of cleaning exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine, in particular a Diesel engine. The apparatus has an exhaust gas line and an ozone source for enriching the exhaust gas stream of the engine with ozone. The ozone source generates a continuous ozone-containing gas stream, in such a way that particles flowing in the exhaust gas line are to a large extent oxidized, as a result of which the exhaust gas line can be kept free of particle filters.