摘要:
A process for reacting an organic compound in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the catalyst comprises a homogeneous ruthenium compound or a mixture of two or more thereof deposited in situ on a support.
摘要:
A process for the hydrogenation of an aromatic compound, in which at least one hydroxyl group is attached to an aromatic core, or an aromatic compound, in which at least one amino group is attached to an aromatic core, in the presence of a catalyst containing, as active metal, ruthenium and optionally one or more other Group IB, VIIB, or VIIIB metals, applied to a macroporous support.
摘要:
The invention relates to the preparation of organic nitrogen compounds, in particular of aminoalkanes, alkyloximes, alkylnitrones or mixtures thereof, which have only one nitrogen-functional group and no alcoholic hydroxyl groups in the molecule, from nitro-containing reaction products of polymers of C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 -olefins with an average degree of polymerization P=5-100 with nitrogen oxides or mixtures of nitrogen oxides and oxygen by hydrogenation of these reaction products. The invention also relates to particular mixtures of such aminoalkanes, alkyloximes and/or alkylnitrones and to individual compounds of these types themselves. The designated products are suitable as additives to fuels and lubricants.
摘要:
In a process for preparing diamines from aminoalcohols and nitrogen compounds selected from the group consisting of ammonia and primary and secondary amines at from 80.degree. to 250.degree. C. and pressures of from 1 to 400 bar using hydrogen in the presence of a zirconium, copper, nickel catalyst, the catalytically active composition comprises from 20 to 85% by weight of oxygen-containing zirconium compounds, calculated as ZrO.sub.2, from 1 to 30% by weight of oxygen-containing compounds of copper, calculated as CuO, from 30 to 70% by weight of oxygen-containing compounds of nickel, calculated as NiO, from 0.1 to 5% by weight of oxygen-containing compounds of molybdenum, calculated as MoO.sub.3, and from 0 to 10% by weight of oxygen-containing compounds of aluminum and/or manganese, calculated as Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and MnO.sub.2 respectively.
摘要:
Fuels for gasoline engines contain small amounts of polyetheramines IR.sup.1 --(OBu).sub.n --NR.sup.2 R.sup.3 (I)whereR.sup.1 is C.sub.2 -C.sub.30 -alkyl,R.sup.2 and R.sup.3, independently of one another, are each hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl, aminoalkylene of the general formula II--R.sup.4 --NR.sup.5 R.sup.6 (II)or polyaminoalkylene of the general formula III--(R.sup.4 --NR.sup.5).sub.m --R.sup.6 (III)whereR.sup.4 is C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 -alkylene, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6, independently of one another, are each hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl and m is from 2 to 8,Bu is a butylene radical derived from butylene oxide andn is from 12 to 28.
摘要:
Reaction products of polyolefins having predominantly a terminal double bond and a number average molecular weight of from 250 to 10,000, which possess an aliphatic hydrocarbon skeleton which is straight-chain or carries C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl side chains, with from 1 to 10 mol, per equivalent of double bond, of one or more vinyl esters I ##STR1## are obtainable by reacting the stated polyolefins with the vinyl esters I in the presence of a free radical initiator at from 80 to 200.degree. C., it being possible for these reaction products subsequently to have been hydrolyzed to the corresponding alcohols or converted into the corresponding amines by reductive amination with amines II ##STR2## .
摘要:
Apparatus and processes for continuous distillative separation of a mixture comprising one or more alkanolamine(s), wherein the separation is performed in one or more dividing wall column(s) and the alkanolamine or the alkanolamines is/are withdrawn as a side draw stream or side draw streams (side fraction(s)).
摘要:
Process for separating triethanolamine continuously by distillation from a mixture of monoethanolamine, diethanolamine and triethanolamine together with ethanolamine ethers and water obtained by reaction of ammonia with ethylene oxide in the liquid phase under superatmospheric pressure and at elevated temperature, in which the mixture is distilled in two stages. The low-boiling fraction and the high-boiling fraction are taken off and discharged in the first stage and the intermediate-boiling fraction comprising >99.4% by weight of triethanolamine and
摘要:
A method for reliably avoiding backflow in the transport of a liquid under pressure via a transport pipe (1), in which a shut-off device (2) with differential pressure switching is arranged, into a container (3) which is under pressure and which comprises the liquid to be transported and/or another liquid is proposed, wherein a pressure accumulator (4) which is filled with the liquid to be transported up to a certain level and above the liquid level, in direct contact with the liquid to be transported, with an inert gas is arranged in the transport pipe (1) upstream from the shut-off device (2) in the transport direction, the inert gas being provided in the pressure accumulator (4) under an excess pressure and in an amount relative to the container (3) to be filled which are designed so that, in the case of a drop in the pressure in the transport pipe (1), the inert gas ensures a positive pressure difference in the transport pipe (1) to the container (3) over a period which is at least as long as the reaction time of the shut-off device (2) and the shut-off device (2) has an emptying pipe (6) with emptying valve (7).
摘要:
Process for the continuous preparation of an amine by reaction of a primary or secondary alcohol, aldehyde and/or ketone with hydrogen and a nitrogen compound selected from the group consisting of ammonia, primary and secondary amines at a temperature in the range from 60 to 300° C. in the presence of a copper-containing catalyst, wherein the catalytically active composition of the catalyst prior to reduction with hydrogen comprises from 20 to 85% by weight of aluminum oxide (Al2O3), zirconium dioxide (ZrO2), titanium dioxide (TiO2) and/or silicon dioxide (SiO2), from 1 to 70% by weight of oxygen-containing compounds of copper, calculated as CuO, from 0 to 50% by weight of oxygen-containing compounds of magnesium, calculated as MgO, oxygen-containing compounds of chromium, calculated as Cr2O3, oxygen-containing compounds of zinc, calculated as ZnO, oxygen-containing compounds of barium, calculated as BaO, and/or oxygen-containing compounds of calcium, calculated as CaO, and less than 30% by weight of oxygen-containing compounds of nickel, calculated as NiO, based on the oxygen-containing compounds of copper, calculated as CuO, and the reaction is carried out isothermally in the gas phase in a tube reactor.