公开(公告)号：US5359189A

公开(公告)日：1994-10-25

申请号：US37860

申请日：1993-03-29

Applicant: Joseph P. Savicki

Inventor： Joseph P. Savicki

IPC: G01J1/04 ,  G01J5/08 ,  G01J5/20 ,  G08B13/193 ,  G08C23/04 ,  H01J3/14

CPC classification number: G01J5/02 ,  G01J1/04 ,  G01J1/0407 ,  G01J5/025 ,  G01J5/08 ,  G01J5/0815 ,  G01J5/20 ,  G08B13/193 ,  G08C23/04 ,  G01J1/0209 ,  G01J1/0266 ,  G01J2001/0485

Abstract: An infrared collector which employs a non-directive concentrator to concentrate the infrared radiation received in the collector on a detector. In a preferred embodiment, the concentrator is a plastic hemisphere which has an array of PIN diodes glued to its flat side. The hemisphere may have any radius which is greater than or equal to a value dN, where N is the index of refraction of the plastic making up the hemisphere is N and d is the distance from the center of the array of diodes to the most remote part of the infrared-sensitive material. The fact that the concentrator is non-directive obviates the need to aim receivers employing the concentrator at transmitters. The receivers and transmitters need only be in line of sight of each other. The concentrator may further be used generally to concentrate infrared and visible radiation.

Abstract translation: 使用非指向性浓缩器将收集在收集器中的红外辐射集中在检测器上的红外收集器。 在优选实施例中，集中器是塑料半球，其具有胶合到其平坦侧的PIN二极管阵列。 半球可以具有大于或等于值dN的任何半径，其中N是构成半球的塑料的折射率N，d是从二极管阵列的中心到最远的距离 部分红外敏感材料。 集中器是非指令的事实消除了在发射机上使用集中器的接收机的需要。 接收器和发射器只需要彼此相隔。 集中器还可以通常用于集中红外线和可见光辐射。

公开(公告)号：US5035770A

公开(公告)日：1991-07-30

申请号：US592716

申请日：1990-10-04

Applicant: David M. Braun

Inventor： David M. Braun

IPC: G01J1/04 ,  G02B5/18 ,  H01L31/0236 ,  H01L31/0352 ,  H01L31/105

CPC classification number: H01L31/03529 ,  G01J1/04 ,  G01J1/0407 ,  G02B5/1809 ,  H01L31/0236 ,  H01L31/105 ,  G01J1/0209 ,  Y02E10/50

Abstract: Photodetectors having low reflectivity triangular groove, surface relief gratings on homogenous material or one layer of a heterostructure. Preferably, the photodetector is a PIN photodiode in which the p-type layer is triangularly grooved. The surface relief gratings have an optical repeat distance greater than the wavelenth of light which impinges on the photodetector surface. Thus, zero order backward diffracted waves are not coupled into optical reflections which would thereby decrease the optical return loss (ORL). Furthermore, the surface relief gratings have minimum side-wall angles to limit reflection at the heterostructure interfaces from contributing to the ORL. The side-angles of the gratings are chosen to ensure that the angle of the higher order backward diffracted wave is greater than the capture angle of an optical receiver into which the photodetector is incorporated. The free-space depth of the grooves is a half-wavelength of the light impinging on the photodetector. Additionally, a novel ion milling technique is disclosed. This technique involves providing a rectangular groove grating initially etched by conventional chemical etching and photoresistive techniques and then ion milling at particular ion mill angles to obtain triangular groove surface relief gratings provided in accordance with this invention.

Abstract translation: 具有低反射率三角形凹槽的光电检测器，均匀材料上的表面浮雕格栅或异质结构的一层。 优选地，光电检测器是PIN光电二极管，其中p型层是三角形沟槽的。 表面起伏光栅的光学重复距离大于撞击光检测器表面的光的波长。 因此，零级后向衍射波不耦合到光学反射中，从而降低光学返回损耗（ORL）。 此外，表面起伏光栅具有最小的侧壁角度，以限制异质结构界面处的反射从贡献到ORL。 选择光栅的侧角以确保高阶后向衍射波的角度大于其中结合光电检测器的光接收器的捕获角度。 凹槽的自由空间深度是入射在光电检测器上的光的半波长。 另外，公开了一种新颖的离子铣削技术。 该技术涉及提供最初通过常规化学蚀刻和光致抗蚀剂技术蚀刻的矩形凹槽光栅，然后在特定的离子磨角度进行离子铣削，以获得根据本发明提供的三角形凹槽表面浮雕格栅。

公开(公告)号：US4935630A

公开(公告)日：1990-06-19

申请号：US315278

申请日：1989-02-24

Applicant: John Merchant

Inventor： John Merchant

IPC: G01J1/04 ,  G01J1/42 ,  G02B3/00 ,  G02B27/00 ,  H01J29/89

CPC classification number: G02B27/0081 ,  G01J1/04 ,  G01J1/0407 ,  G01J1/0411 ,  G01J1/0425 ,  G01J1/0437 ,  G01J1/4228 ,  G02B3/00 ,  H01J29/89 ,  G01J1/0209 ,  G01J1/0488 ,  G02B6/08 ,  H01J2229/893

Abstract: A lens-sphere optical system for use in a low resolution, very wide angle optical sensor system for viewing incident energy from a scene of interest. A lens-sphere forms an output image of the scene of interest on a spherical surface. Apparatus for optically filtering the lens-sphere blocks incident energy outside of a predetermined range of incident angles. Apparatus for detecting the optically filtered output image is provided.

公开(公告)号：US4585948A

公开(公告)日：1986-04-29

申请号：US475676

申请日：1983-03-15

Applicant: Richard T. Schneider ,  James F. Long

Inventor： Richard T. Schneider ,  James F. Long

IPC: G01J1/04 ,  G01J1/42 ,  G01S3/781 ,  G01S3/783 ,  G02B3/00 ,  G02B27/00 ,  H01J3/14

CPC classification number: G02B3/0043 ,  G01J1/04 ,  G01J1/0411 ,  G01J1/0422 ,  G01J1/0425 ,  G01J1/0437 ,  G01J1/4228 ,  G01S3/781 ,  G01S3/783 ,  G02B3/0056 ,  G01J1/0209

Abstract: Very wide field of view optical surveillance is realized without scanning or moving parts by means of an integrated multiaperture optical system. The system utilizes light gathering optics in the form of an array of eyelets or lens apertures that direct in-coming light onto a detector layer. The detection layer consists of individual detectors, more than one to a lens. Under the detector layer there is a correlation layer, which contains a memory cell for each detector and circuitry which connects to neighboring memory cells according to a hard wired program. Below the correlation layer is a processing layer which contains microprocessor circuitry allowing further processing of the acquired information. Outlines of objects seen by the system are defined by the microprocessor circuitry using an edge detecting routine. A detected object is identified by correlation with a single number recognition coefficient. The microprocessor circuit includes a memory matrix in which is stored recognition coefficient for objects of interest. The lens aperture can be configured to form either apposition or neural superportion images and algorithms for processing information obtained by both modes of operation are developed. The data processing circuitry is implemented by means of large scale integrated circuit technology whereby the memories in the correlation layer are physically located directly below their associated detectors.

Abstract translation: 非常宽的视野通过集成的多孔光学系统实现光学监视，无需扫描或移动部件。 该系统采用光圈阵列形式的聚光光学器件，其将入射光引导到检测器层上。 检测层由独立的检测器组成，多于一个透镜。 在检测器层下方有一个相关层，它包含每个检测器的存储单元和根据硬连线程序连接到相邻存储单元的电路。 相关层下方是包含微处理器电路的处理层，允许进一步处理所获取的信息。 由系统看到的物体的轮廓由微处理器电路使用边缘检测程序定义。 通过与单个数字识别系数的相关性来识别检测到的对象。 微处理器电路包括存储矩阵，其中存储有感兴趣对象的识别系数。 透镜孔径可以被配置为形成两个或多个神经超分辨率图像，并且开发用于处理由两种操作模式获得的信息的算法。 数据处理电路通过大规模集成电路技术来实现，由此相关层中的存储器物理地位于其相关检测器的正下方。

公开(公告)号：US4049963A

公开(公告)日：1977-09-20

申请号：US717169

申请日：1976-08-24

Applicant: Manfred R. Kuehnle

Inventor： Manfred R. Kuehnle

IPC: G01J1/04 ,  G01J1/42 ,  H01L31/09 ,  H01J39/12

CPC classification number: G01J1/42 ,  H01L31/09 ,  G01J1/0209 ,  G01J1/0411

Abstract: A transparent photocell formed of two thin film layers of a semi-conductor material and an intervening thin film layer of a photoconductor material, a constant voltage being applied across the semi-conductor layers and the current through the cell being detected as a measure of the intensity of light incident on the cell. The thin film nature of the cell enables it to be combined with a lens of an optical system as a plurality of laminae coated onto a surface of said lens.

Abstract translation: 由半导体材料的两个薄膜层和光电导体材料的介入薄膜层形成的透明光电池，跨半导体层施加的恒定电压和通过电池的电流被检测为 入射到细胞上的光强度。 细胞的薄膜性质使得其能够与涂覆在所述透镜的表面上的多个薄片组合成光学系统的透镜。

公开(公告)号：US4016416A

公开(公告)日：1977-04-05

申请号：US669584

申请日：1976-03-23

Applicant: Freeman D. Shepherd, Jr. ,  Sven A. Roosild

Inventor： Freeman D. Shepherd, Jr. ,  Sven A. Roosild

IPC: G01J1/04 ,  H01L31/0232 ,  H01J39/12

CPC classification number: H01L31/0232 ,  G01J1/04 ,  G01J1/0407 ,  G01J1/0414 ,  G01J1/0209 ,  G01J3/021

Abstract: A radiation transparent base having a number of coincentric Fresnel rings mounted on one face, and one-quarter wavelength in thickness and a reflective coating covering the face and rings and a detector mounted on the opposite face to collect reflected in phase radiation.

Abstract translation: 辐射透明基底，其具有安装在一个面上的多个同心式菲涅尔环，厚度为四分之一波长，以及覆盖该表面和环的反射涂层以及安装在相对面上的检测器以收集反射的相位辐射。

公开(公告)号：US3903413A

公开(公告)日：1975-09-02

申请号：US42259973

申请日：1973-12-06

Applicant: POLAROID CORP

Inventor： MANNING MONIS J

IPC: B29D11/00 ,  G01J1/04 ,  G01J1/42 ,  G02B5/20 ,  G02B5/22 ,  H01L31/02 ,  H01L31/0216 ,  G01J3/34

CPC classification number: G01J1/4214 ,  B29D11/00634 ,  G01J1/0209 ,  G01J1/0488 ,  G02B5/206 ,  G02B5/226 ,  H01L31/02162

Abstract: An optical filter element is provided which comprises a plastic resin containing a particulate dispersion of filter glass. In one preferred embodiment, the photocell of a photometric device, e.g., the automatic exposure control system of a photographic camera, is embedded in the glass-filled resinous element to provide necessary spectral correction filtration for the photocell.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种滤光器元件，其包括含有过滤玻璃的颗粒分散体的塑料树脂。 在一个优选实施例中，光度测量装置的光电池例如照相机的自动曝光控制系统被嵌入玻璃填充的树脂元件中，以为光电池提供必要的光谱校正过滤。

公开(公告)号：US3371213A

公开(公告)日：1968-02-27

申请号：US37816064

申请日：1964-06-26

Applicant: TEXAS INSTRUMENTS INC

Inventor： ADAMS HERBERT D ,  COTTONGIM BILLIE J

IPC: G01J1/04 ,  H01L31/0232 ,  H01L31/052 ,  H01L31/068 ,  H01L31/103

CPC classification number: H01L31/1035 ,  G01J1/0209 ,  G01J1/04 ,  G01J1/0411 ,  H01L31/02327 ,  H01L31/0543 ,  H01L31/0682 ,  Y02E10/52 ,  Y02E10/547 ,  Y10S148/005

公开(公告)号：US20180266877A1

公开(公告)日：2018-09-20

申请号：US15984278

申请日：2018-05-18

Applicant: Heptagon Micro Optics Pte. Ltd.

Inventor： Qichuan Yu ,  Hartmut Rudmann ,  Ji Wang ,  Kian Siang Ng ,  Simon Gubser ,  Sonja Hanselmann

IPC: G01J1/02 ,  H01L31/173

CPC classification number: G01J1/0209 ,  G01J1/0214 ,  G01J1/0271 ,  G01J1/0295 ,  H01L31/173

Abstract: Disclosed are optical devices and methods of manufacturing optical devices. An optical device can include a substrate; an optical emitter chip affixed to the front surface of the substrate; and an optical sensor chip affixed to the front surface of the substrate. The optical sensor chip can include a main sensor and a reference sensor. The optical device can include an opaque dam separating the main optical sensor and the reference sensor. The optical device can include a first transparent encapsulation block encapsulating the optical emitter chip and the reference optical sensor and a second transparent encapsulation block encapsulating the main optical sensor. The optical device can include an opaque encapsulation material encapsulating the first transparent encapsulation block and the second transparent encapsulation block with a first opening above the main optical sensor and a second opening above the optical emitter chip.

公开(公告)号：US20180180468A1

公开(公告)日：2018-06-28

申请号：US15668639

申请日：2017-08-03

Applicant: Global Communications Semiconductors, LLC

Inventor： Samuel C. Wang ,  Peter Lao ,  Dhiraj Kumar

IPC: G01J1/04 ,  G02B6/42 ,  H01S5/0683 ,  G01J1/02

CPC classification number: G01J1/0414 ,  G01J1/0209 ,  G01J1/0214 ,  G01J1/0242 ,  G01J1/0448 ,  G01J1/4257 ,  G02B6/4286 ,  H01S5/0683

Abstract: A device is disclosed for monitoring power from a laser diode. The device includes a substrate having a top surface and a first facet perpendicular to the top surface through which light enters the substrate. The device further includes a second facet onto which light that has entered the substrate through the first facet along an optical axis that is non-normal to the first facet is incident. The device further includes a photodiode fabricated on the top surface of the substrate for measuring an intensity of the light that enters the first facet of the substrate along the optical axis that is non-normal to the first facet. The light that has entered the substrate through the first facet along the optical axis that is non-normal to the first facet is reflected by the second facet toward a photoactive region of the photodiode.