Return link design for PSD limited mobile satellite communication systems

    公开(公告)号:US20060040614A1

    公开(公告)日:2006-02-23

    申请号:US11241119

    申请日:2005-09-30

    IPC分类号: H04B7/185 H04B17/00

    摘要: A system and method for managing access to a satellite-based transponder by a plurality of aircraft each having a mobile radio frequency (RF) system. The system employs a ground-based, central control system for managing access to the satellite-based transponder so that the aggregate power spectral density (PSD) of the RF signals of all the mobile systems does not exceed, at any time, limits established by regulatory agencies to prevent interference between satellite systems. This is accomplished by a dual control loop arrangement for monitoring the signal-to-noise ratio (Eb/No) of the RF signal transmitted by the satellite-based transponder. A ground-based control loop is used whereby a ground-based central controller monitors the Eb/No and transmits commands to the aircraft (via the satellite transponder) to maintain the Eb/No of the transmitted signal within a predetermined range. A fast scan angle compensation is used by the mobile system of the aircraft to implement another control loop to further adjust the transmit power. This control loop maintains the Eb/No of the signal transmitted to the satellite-based transponder at the commanded level inbetween updates from the ground-based central controller.

    Film thickness monitor
    13.
    发明授权
    Film thickness monitor 有权
    胶片厚度监视器

    公开(公告)号:US09360302B2

    公开(公告)日:2016-06-07

    申请号:US13679128

    申请日:2012-11-16

    IPC分类号: G01N21/00 G01B11/06 G01B9/02

    摘要: A measurement unit comprising a light source and a photodetector may be formed in a cavity in a substrate. The light source produces light that impinges a material layer and is reflected back to the photodetector. Through methods such as interferometry and ellipsometry, the thickness of the material layer may be calculated from the light intensity data measured by the photodetector. It is emphasized that this abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract that will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims.

    摘要翻译: 包括光源和光电检测器的测量单元可以形成在基板中的空腔中。 光源产生照射材料层并被反射回光电检测器的光。 通过诸如干涉测量和椭偏仪的方法,材料层的厚度可以由光电检测器测量的光强度数据计算。 要强调的是,该摘要被提供以符合要求抽象的规则,允许搜索者或其他读者快速确定技术公开内容的主题。 提交它的理解是,它不会用于解释或限制权利要求的范围或含义。

    APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR COOPERATIVE EMPLOYMENT WITH INSTALLED AIRBORNE APPLICATION CONTROL SYSTEM
    15.
    发明申请
    APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR COOPERATIVE EMPLOYMENT WITH INSTALLED AIRBORNE APPLICATION CONTROL SYSTEM 审中-公开
    装配和安装安装AIRBORNE应用控制系统的方法

    公开(公告)号:US20080154444A1

    公开(公告)日:2008-06-26

    申请号:US11615273

    申请日:2006-12-22

    IPC分类号: G06Q10/00 G06F19/00

    CPC分类号: H04B7/18504

    摘要: An apparatus configured for cooperative employment with an installed airborne application control system in an aircraft includes: an application control unit coupled with the application control system for cooperating with the airborne application control system to effect control of at least one second airborne application. The application control unit includes a respective application management section for participating in management of each respective second airborne application of the at least one second airborne application.

    摘要翻译: 一种被配置为与飞机中安装的机载应用控制系统合作使用的装置,包括:应用控制单元,与应用控制系统相结合,用于与机载应用控制系统配合,以实现至少一个第二机载应用的控制。 应用控制单元包括各自的应用管理部分,用于参与至少一个第二机载应用的每个相应的第二机载应用的管理。

    Method for forming a dual-damascene structure
    19.
    发明申请
    Method for forming a dual-damascene structure 审中-公开
    形成双镶嵌结构的方法

    公开(公告)号:US20060105567A1

    公开(公告)日:2006-05-18

    申请号:US10987780

    申请日:2004-11-12

    IPC分类号: H01L21/4763

    摘要: A dual-damascene structure is formed in a porous dielectric material using an anti-reflective coating. In accordance with one embodiment, during patterning and etching if the trench portions of the dual-damascene structure, the anti-reflective coating has a first density. After patterning and etching, the anti-reflective coating density is reduced. The reduction in the anti-reflective coating's density facilitates selective removal of the anti-reflective coating relative to the porous dielectric material.

    摘要翻译: 使用抗反射涂层在多孔电介质材料中形成双镶嵌结构。 根据一个实施例,在图案化和蚀刻期间,如果双镶嵌结构的沟槽部分,抗反射涂层具有第一密度。 在图案化和蚀刻之后,抗反射涂层密度降低。 抗反射涂层密度的降低有助于相对于多孔电介质材料的抗反射涂层的选择性去除。