Abstract:
An electrolytic solution for use in nonaqueous electrolytic lithium secondary cells which contains a room temperature molten salt, i.e., an aliphatic quaternary ammonium salt of the formula (1), an organic solvent and a lithium salt of the formula (2), the electrolytic solution being characterized in that the organic solvent contains vinylene carbonate in an amount of 1 to 5 wt. % based on the electrolytic solution, and a lithium secondary cell using the electrolytic solution wherein R1 to R3 are each a chain hydrocarbon having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R4 is methoxymethyl, ethoxymethyl, propoxymethyl or isopropoxymethyl, and X1 and X2 are each a fluorine-containing anion.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a process for production of silicon tetrafluoride which can reduce the cost for the silicon tetrafluoride production and can also reduce the quantities of waste products produced in the process. Also disclosed is an apparatus for use for the process. The method comprises the steps of: (a) a high-silica fluorosilicic acid production step in which a raw material (1) containing silicon dioxide is reacted with a mixed solution containing hydrofluoric acid and hydrofluorosilicic acid to yield an aqueous high-silica fluorosilicic acid solution: (c) a silicon tetrafluoride production step in which the aqueous high-silica fluorosilicic acid solution is reacted with sulfuric acid to yield silicon tetrafluoride; and (d) a sulfuric acid production step in which a sulfuric acid fraction containing hydrogen fluoride which is a by-product in the silicon tetrafluoride production step (c) is subjected to steam stripping to yield sulfuric acid. The process is characterized in that the sulfuric acid produced in the step (d) is reused in the step (c).
Abstract:
Disclosed is a process liquid which causes only little dissolution of atoms from a semiconductor surface and enables to form a clean and flat semiconductor surface. Also disclosed are a processing method and an apparatus for manufacturing a semiconductor. Specifically disclosed is a process liquid-which causes only little dissolution of atoms from a semiconductor surface by using an aqueous solution containing at least one alcohol or ketone, thereby realizing a clean and flat surface.
Abstract:
Provided are a nonaqueous electrolytic solution for a secondary battery that exhibits excellent cycle characteristics even in high temperature environment, and a secondary battery including the same. The nonaqueous electrolytic solution for a secondary battery of the present invention is a nonaqueous electrolyte solution for a secondary battery which is used for a secondary battery, including at least one component (A) represented by the following chemical formula (1): in which Mn+ represents at least one selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen ion, an alkali metal ion, an alkaline earth metal ion, an aluminum ion, a transition metal ion and an onium ion, X represents a halogen atom, R1 represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms and having at least any one of a halogen atom, a heteroatom or an unsaturated bond, and n represents a valence.
Abstract:
A fuel cell catalyst which has high power output characteristics and suppresses degradation of power generation performance due to starting, stopping or load variation; a manufacturing method thereof; a membrane electrode assembly for fuel cell; and a fuel cell including the same. The fuel cell catalyst includes at least catalytically active species and a carrier supporting the catalytically active species. The catalytically active species are at least one selected from the group consisting of platinum, a platinum alloy, and a core-shell catalyst in which a core of a metal different from platinum is coated with a shell containing platinum, the carrier is a carbon material, and at least one of the catalytically active species and the carrier contain(s) fluorine atoms.
Abstract:
A phosphodiester salt is added to the electrolytic solution to form a nonaqueous electrolytic solution for a secondary battery. The nonaqueous electrolytic solution has excellent storage characteristics in a temperature load environment. Deterioration of the charge-discharge characteristics of the nonaqueous electrolytic solution and increase in internal resistance of the nonaqueous electrolytic solution are suppressed during storage. A secondary battery having a positive electrode and a negative electrode makes use of this electrolytic solution.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a process for producing a fluoride gas that can produces fluoride gases such as BF3, SiF4, GeF4, PF5 or AsF5 at a reduced production cost in a simple manner. The process is characterized in that a compound containing an atom, which, together with a fluorine atom, can form a polyatomic ion, is added to a hydrogen fluoride solution to produce the polyatomic ion in a hydrogen fluoride solution and to evolve a fluoride gas comprising the fluorine atom and the atom that, together with the fluorine atom, can form a polyatomic ion.
Abstract:
A process for preparing difluorophosphate comprising reacting difluorophosphoric acid with at least one salt, as a raw material, selected from a halide salt, a carbonate, a phosphate, a hydroxide and an oxide of an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or an onium in the difluoraphosphoric acid, then separating a precipitate from the difluorophosphoric acid by solid-liquid separation, the precipitate being precipitated by crystallization operation in the difluorophosphoric acid, and removing the difluorophosphoric acid contained in the precipitate by distillation to obtain difluorophosphate.
Abstract:
An object of the invention is to provide a method for producing a laminated film comprising at least two resin films bonded together, which is capable of increasing the adhesiveness of the bonding surface and forming a laminated film with high reliability. The method for producing a laminated film according to the invention comprising at least two resin films laminated together, which comprises: a fluorination treatment step comprising bringing a fluorine and oxygen atoms-containing treatment gas into contact with at least a partial region of the surface of at least one of the two resin films to increase the adhesiveness of the region; and a bonding step comprising bonding the two resin films together using, as a bonding surface, the surface that has been brought into contact with the treatment gas.
Abstract:
An object is to provide a method of manufacturing a hexafluorophosphate, that can simply and easily manufacture an inexpensive and high-quality hexafluorophosphate while suppressing the manufacturing cost, an electrolytic solution containing a hexafluorophosphate, and an electricity storage device including the electrolytic solution. The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a hexafluorophosphate, which comprises reacting at least a phosphorus compound with a fluoride represented by MFs.r(HF) (wherein 0≦r≦6, 1≦s≦3, and M is at least one kind selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, NH4, Ag, Mg, Ca, Ba, Zn, Cu, Pb, Al and Fe) to produce a hexafluorophosphate represented by the chemical formula M(PF6)s.