摘要:
A fuel reformer which can easily achieve high weight energy density and high volume energy density, and a method for producing the fuel reformer with ease and high efficiency as well as an electrode for electrochemical device, such as a fuel cell, and an electrochemical device are provided. The present invention is to feed hydrogen obtained from a fuel reformer (1) having a catalyst layer (4) containing Pt for taking out hydrogen from a liquid fuel, such as methanol, and a hydrogen permeable layer (5), such as a Pd thin film, which is impermeable to liquid and permeable to hydrogen to an electrochemical device such as a fuel cell (40), which comprises a negative electrode (19), a positive electrode (23) and a proton conductive film (14) sandwiched therebetween. The present invention provides a method of producing the hydrogen permeable layer (5) in the reformer 1 by forming the hydrogen permeable layer (5) and the catalyst layer (4) on a base layer (51) comprising Al or the like, and removing the base layer (51) by dissolution.
摘要:
A capacitor structure of a semiconductor memory cell such as a FERAM has an upper electrode less susceptible a damage even by heat-treatment in a hydrogen gas atmosphere. The capacitor structure includes a lower electrode, a capacitor thin film formed of a ferroelectric thin film formed on the lower electrode, and an upper electrode formed on the capacitor thin film. The upper electrode is made of Ru.sub.1-x O.sub.x (0.1
摘要:
A process for production of conductive catalyst particles, a process for production of a catalyst electrode capable of gas diffusion, an apparatus for production of conductive catalyst particles, and a vibrating apparatus. The process can effectively and uniformly coat the particles of a conductive powder with a catalytic substance.
摘要:
Disclosed herein is an apparatus for preparing composite particulates, including a rotary body having a bottom surface and a side wall and operative to contain particulates to which an adhering material is to be made to adhere; a centrifugal machine for rotating the rotary body so as to apply centrifugal forces to the particulates in the rotary body; and an inclination varying device operative to vary the inclination of the rotary body to an arbitrary inclination angle in the range from an angle at which the bottom surface of the rotary body forms a horizontal surface perpendicular to the direction of gravity to an angle at which the bottom surface forms a vertical surface parallel to the direction of gravity, and operative to support the rotary body at the arbitrary inclination angle.
摘要:
A gas diffusing electrode, an electrochemical device, such as fuel cell, employing same and methods of manufacturing same are provided. The gas diffusing electrode at least includes layers made of at least electro-conductive carbon powder or granule and sputtered platinum layers made of platinum laid alternately to form a multilayer structure. The electrochemical device can be down-sized while maintaining a relatively high power generating capacity.
摘要:
Optimal power generation for the output demanded by a fuel cell can be achieved. A fuel mixer 106 can adjust the methanol concentration of a mixed solution, and it adjusts the concentration of the mixed solution to an optimal methanol concentration for a load 114. Information on the methanol concentration detected by a concentration sensor 115 is sent to a controller 112 and referred to when the fuel mixer 106 adjusts the methanol concentration of the mixed solution. The concentration sensor 115 provided immediately before the fuel cell can achieve power generation while detecting the substantial methanol concentration of the mixed solution fed to the fuel cell.
摘要:
In NAND type nonvolatile semiconductor memory each memory cell is made of a dual gate transistor connected at one gate portion thereof to ferroelectrics, a plurality of such memory cells are connected in series to form a memory block, and a plurality of such memory blocks are arranged to form a memory cell array and make up NAND type nonvolatile semiconductor memory. Used as each dual gate transistor is a thin film transistor which has a first gate formed on one surface of a semiconductor thin film via a first gate insulating film and a ferroelectric thin film, and a second gate electrode formed on the other surface of the semiconductor thin film via second gate insulating film in confrontation with the first gate electrode. Alternatively, ferroelectric gate type dual gate thin film transistors are made by forming thin film transistors on opposite surfaces of a ferroelectric thin film to form memory cells.
摘要:
In nonvolatile memory capable of erasing, writing and reading data, simplified in structure of memory cells, and enabling high-density information recording, each memory cell is composed of a thin film phase change material having two stable phases, “high-temperature phase” and “low-temperature phase” under the room temperature, and an np junction made by a p+-type region and an n+-type region, serially connected to the thin film phase change material. By applying a predetermined voltage to the upper electrode and the lower electrode to have a current flow in a memory cell (MC1l) and change the phase of the thin film phase change material, data is written. By flowing a current in the memory cell (M1l) and thereby reading the current phase of the thin film phase change material, data is read out.
摘要:
An electronic material is expressed by the composition formula M.sub.Ia M.sub.IIb O.sub.c (where a, b and c are compositions in atomic %, M.sub.I is at least one sort of noble metal selected from the group consisting of Pt, Ir, Ru, Rh and Pd, and M.sub.II is at least one sort of transition metal selected from the group consisting of Hf, Ta, Zr, Nb, V, Mo and W) having a composition within the range of 90.gtoreq.a.gtoreq.40, 15.gtoreq.b.gtoreq.2, 4.ltoreq.c and a+b+c=100. A dielectric capacitor comprises: a diffusion preventing layer made of the material expressed by the composition formula M.sub.ia M.sub.IIb O.sub.c ; a lower electrode on the diffusion preventing layer; a dielectric film on the lower electrode; and an upper electrode on the dielectric film. Another dielectric capacitor comprises: a diffusion preventing layer made of a material expressed by the composition formula M.sub.Ia M.sub.IIb O.sub.c (where a, b and c are compositions in atomic %, M.sub.II is at least one sort of noble metal selected from the group consisting of Pt, Ir, Ru, Rh and Pd, and M.sub.II is at least one sort of rare earth element) having a composition within the range of 90.gtoreq.a.gtoreq.40, 15.gtoreq.b.gtoreq.2, 4.ltoreq.c and a+b+c=100; a lower electrode on the diffusion preventing layer; a dielectric film on the lower electrode; and an upper electrode on the dielectric film.
摘要翻译:电子材料由组成式MIaMIIbOc表示(其中a,b和c是原子%的组成,MI是选自Pt,Ir,Ru,Rh和Pd中的至少一种贵金属,MII 是选自组成在90以上的组成的Hf,Ta,Zr,Nb,V,Mo和W中的至少一种过渡金属)= = > = = 4,4 = c和a + b + c = 100。 介电电容器包括:由组成式MiaMIIbOc表示的材料制成的防扩散层; 在扩散防止层上的下电极; 下电极上的电介质膜; 和电介质膜上的上电极。 另一介质电容器包括:由组成式MIaMIIbOc表示的材料制成的扩散防止层(其中a,b和c为原子%的组成,MII为选自Pt,Ir的至少一种贵金属 ,Ru,Rh和Pd,以及MII是至少一种稀土元素),其组成范围在90℃〜40℃的范围内, c和a + b + c = 100; 在扩散防止层上的下电极; 下电极上的电介质膜; 和电介质膜上的上电极。