公开(公告)号：US4528089A

公开(公告)日：1985-07-09

申请号：US552403

申请日：1983-11-16

申请人： Theresa A. Pecoraro ,  Russell R. Chianelli

发明人： Theresa A. Pecoraro ,  Russell R. Chianelli

IPC分类号： B01J27/20 ,  C10G45/04

CPC分类号： B01J27/20 ,  C10G45/04

摘要： Sulfur and nitrogen-containing hydrocarbon feeds are upgraded by contacting said feed, at elevated temperature and in the presence of hydrogen, with a catalyst comprising a carbon-containing sulfide of a catalytic metal selected from the group consisting of tungsten, molybdenum and mixture thereof. In a preferred embodiment, these catalysts are promoted with certain transition metal sulfides such as cobalt sulfide. The catalyst may be preformed or formed in-situ in the feed or from catalyst precursor salts.

摘要翻译： 通过使所述进料在升高的温度和在氢的存在下与包含选自钨，钼及其混合物的催化金属的含碳硫化物的催化剂接触来提高含硫和含氮烃进料。 在优选的实施方案中，这些催化剂用某些过渡金属硫化物如硫化钴促进。 催化剂可以在原料中或从催化剂前体盐中原位形成或形成。

公开(公告)号：US4430443A

公开(公告)日：1984-02-07

申请号：US400005

申请日：1982-07-20

申请人： Robert L. Seiver ,  Russell R. Chianelli

发明人： Robert L. Seiver ,  Russell R. Chianelli

IPC分类号： B01J23/24 ,  B01J27/047 ,  B01J37/08 ,  B01J27/02 ,  B01J27/20 ,  B01J27/24 ,  B01J31/12

CPC分类号： B01J27/047 ,  B01J23/24 ,  B01J37/086

摘要： A supported carbon-containing molybdenum sulfide and tungsten sulfide catalyst useful for conducting methanation and hydrotreating reactions, principally the latter, can be formed by compositing a preselected quantity of a porous, refractory inorganic oxide with a complex salt characterized by the formulaB.sub.x [MO.sub.y S.sub.4-y ]where B is an organo or hydrocarbyl substituted diammonium ion, an organo or hydrocarbyl substituted ammonium ion or quaternary ammonium ion, or an ionic form of a cyclic amine containing one or more basic N atoms, x is 1 where B is an organo or hydrocarbyl substituted diammonium ion, or 2 where B is an organo or hydrocarbyl substituted ammonium or quaternary ammonium ion or an ionic form of a cyclic amine containing one or more basic N atoms, M is molybdenum or tungsten, and y is 0, or a fraction or whole number ranging up to 3, and heat decomposing the salt of said catalyst precursor composite in the presence of hydrogen sulfide and hydrogen to form said supported carbon-containing molybdenum sulfide or tungsten sulfide catalyst.

摘要翻译： 用于进行甲烷化和加氢处理反应的负载型含硫硫化钼和硫化钨催化剂，主要是后者可以通过将预选量的多孔耐火无机氧化物与式Bx [MOyS4- y]其中B是有机或烃基取代的二铵离子，有机或烃基取代的铵离子或季铵离子，或含有一个或多个碱性N原子的环状胺的离子形式，x是1，其中B是有机或 烃基取代的二铵离子，或2其中B是有机或烃基取代的铵或季铵离子或含有一个或多个碱性N原子的环状胺的离子形式，M是钼或钨，y是0， 或全数最多为3，并在硫化氢和氢气存在下热分解所述催化剂前体复合物的盐以形成所述负载碳 的硫化钼或硫化钨催化剂。

公开(公告)号：US4308171A

公开(公告)日：1981-12-29

申请号：US169425

申请日：1980-07-16

申请人： Martin B. Dines ,  Russell R. Chianelli ,  Theresa A. Pecoraro

发明人： Martin B. Dines ,  Russell R. Chianelli ,  Theresa A. Pecoraro

IPC分类号： B01J27/04 ,  B01J27/057 ,  C01B19/00 ,  C01G45/00 ,  C01G47/00 ,  C01G55/00 ,  C01G99/00 ,  B01J31/32 ,  B01J27/02 ,  C01B17/00

CPC分类号： B82Y30/00 ,  B01J27/04 ,  B01J27/0573 ,  B01J27/0576 ,  C01B19/007 ,  C01G45/00 ,  C01G47/00 ,  C01G55/00 ,  C01G99/006 ,  C01P2002/02 ,  C01P2002/22 ,  C01P2002/60 ,  C01P2002/72 ,  C01P2004/62 ,  C01P2004/64 ,  C01P2006/12 ,  C01P2006/80 ,  Y10S65/15

摘要： Finely divided, small particle (0.1 micron or less) small crystallite (about 50 A.times.100 A or less) chalcogenides of manganese, rhenium and technetium are described. These compositions are prepared by mixing the absence of an aqueous solvent, a manganese, rhenium or technetium salt with a source of chalcogenide yielding a precipitate. The manganese, rhenium or technetium salt and the source of chalcogen can be mixed either neat or in the presence of a nonaqueous aprotic solvent. The precipitate which results before removal of the anion salt is a finely divided product. In the case of rhenium dichalcogenide the product possesses a layered structure. The anion salt may be removed by any technique common to the art, pumping under vacuum being one such technique, washing with a suitable solvent being another.A method is described for the preparation of di- and poly-chalcogenides of the formula MX.sub.y wherein M is a metal selected from the group consisting of mangangese, rhenium and technetium, X is a chalcogen selected from the group consisting of sulfur, selenium, tellurium and mixtures thereof, and y is a number ranging from about 1.5 to about 4, preferably about 2, comprising the low temperature, nonaqueous precipitation of said MX.sub.y compounds from mixtures of the salts of said manganese, rhenium and technetium. Said precipitation occurs in the absence of aqueous solvents. The process of the instant invention permits the preparation of materials uncontaminated by water, oxygen or hydrolysis products.

摘要翻译： 描述了细小的微粒（0.1微米或更小）的微晶（约50个Ax100A或更少）的锰，铼和锝的硫属元素。 这些组合物通过将不含水溶剂，锰，铼或锝盐与硫族化物源混合而制得，产生沉淀物。 锰，铼或锝盐和硫族元素源可以纯净或非水质非质子溶剂的存在下混合。 在除去阴离子盐之前产生的沉淀物是细分的产物。 在铼二硫属元素化合物的情况下，产物具有层状结构。 阴离子盐可以通过本领域常用的任何技术除去，在真空下泵送是一种这样的技术，用合适的溶剂洗涤另一种。 描述了用于制备式MXy的二硫和多硫族化物的方法，其中M是选自下列物质的金属，其中M为选自由锰，铼和锝组成的组，X为选自硫，硒，碲的硫属元素 y为约1.5至约4，优选约2的数值，包括所述锰，铼和锝的盐的混合物的所述MXy化合物的低温非水沉淀。 所述沉淀发生在不含水溶剂的情况下。 本发明的方法允许制备未受水，氧或水解产物污染的物质。

公开(公告)号：US4279737A

公开(公告)日：1981-07-21

申请号：US124956

申请日：1980-02-26

申请人： Russell R. Chianelli ,  Theresa Pecoraro

发明人： Russell R. Chianelli ,  Theresa Pecoraro

IPC分类号： B01J27/045 ,  B01J37/02 ,  C10G45/10 ,  C10G45/16 ,  C10G45/24 ,  C10G45/52

CPC分类号： C10G45/10 ,  B01J27/045 ,  B01J37/0201 ,  C10G45/16 ,  C10G45/24

摘要： A method is described for the preparation of chalcogenides of ruthenium, rhodium, osmium and iridium transition metals of the Periodic Table of the Elements which comprises mixing in the absence of an aqueous solvent a Group VIII transition metal salt with a source of chalcogenide, said chalcogenide being selected from the group consisting of sulfur, selenium, tellurium and mixtures thereof, yielding a precipitate of the formula MX.sub.y wherein M is selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, rhodium, osmium and iridium, X is sulfur, selenium, tellurium and mixtures thereof and y is a number ranging from about 0.1 to about 3, preferably 0.1 to about 2.5. By the practice of the nonaqueous synthesis technique, Group VIII chalcogenides are prepared which are finely divided, have a high surface area, small particle size and small crystallite size which are also free of excess sulfur, water and/or hydrolysis products. This technique also permits the preparation of a heretofore unobtainable composition, layered stoichiometric osmium disulfide. The precipitates which result as a consequence of the instant process may be cleansed of any anion salt coproduct by any technique common to the art, pumping under vacuum being one such technique, washing with a suitable solvent being another.Compounds of the formula MX.sub.y wherein M, X and y are as defined above, prepared by the low temperature, nonaqueous precipitation technique herein disclosed are superior sulfur-tolerant catalysts in catalytic processes, for example, hydrodesulfurization, hydrodenitrogenation, hydroconversion, hydrogenation.

摘要翻译： 描述了用于制备元素周期表的钌，铑，锇和铱过渡金属的硫族化物的方法，该方法包括在不存在含水溶剂的情况下混合第VIII族过渡金属盐与硫族化物源，所述硫族化物 选自硫，硒，碲及其混合物，得到式MXy的沉淀物，其中M选自钌，铑，锇和铱，X是硫，硒，碲及其混合物 y为约0.1至约3，优选为0.1至约2.5的数。 通过非水合成技术的实践，制备了细分的，具有高表面积，小颗粒尺寸和小微晶尺寸的第VIII族硫属化物，其也不含过量的硫，水和/或水解产物。 这种技术还允许制备迄今无法获得的组合物，层状化学计量的二硫化锇。 作为本发明的结果而导致的沉淀物可以通过本领域普通技术的任何技术清洗任何阴离子盐副产物，在真空下抽真空是一种这样的技术，用合适的溶剂洗涤另一种。 通过本文公开的低温非水沉淀技术制备的其中M，X和y如上所定义的式MXy的化合物是催化方法中的优异的耐硫催化剂，例如加氢脱硫，加氢脱氮，加氢转化，氢化。

公开(公告)号：US4144384A

公开(公告)日：1979-03-13

申请号：US921256

申请日：1978-07-03

申请人： Allan J. Jacobson ,  Russell R. Chianelli ,  M. Stanley Whittingham

发明人： Allan J. Jacobson ,  Russell R. Chianelli ,  M. Stanley Whittingham

IPC分类号： H01M4/58 ,  H01M10/052 ,  H01M10/36

CPC分类号： H01M10/052 ,  H01M4/581

摘要： The present invention is directed to an electric current-producing cell which contains:A cathode having as its cathode-active material one or more vanadium compounds selected from:(i) those having the formula:V.sub.a Z.sub.b (1) wherein Z is a chalcogen selected from the group consisting of sulfur, selenium, and sulfur-selenium mixtures, wherein a is a numerical value of about 2, and wherein b is a numerical value of bout 4.5 to about 7;(ii) those having the formula:(NA.sub.4).sub.x VZ.sub.y (2) wherein Z is a chalcogen selected from the group consisting of sulfur, selenium, and sulfur-selenium mixtures, wherein x is a numerical value of about 2 to about 4, and wherein y is a numerical value of about 3 to about 5; and,(iii) those having the formula:H.sub.m (NH.sub.4).sub.n VZ.sub.y (3) wherein Z is a chalcogen selected from the group consisting of sulfur, selenium, and sulfur-selenium mixtures, wherein m is a numerical value of about 1 to about 3 and n is a numerical value of about 1 to about 3, subject to the proviso that the sum of m and n is numerical value of about 2 to about 4, and wherein y is a numerical value of about 3 to about 5. A preferred cathode-electrode material is V.sub.a Z.sub.b wherein Z is sulfur, a is about 2, and b is about 4.5 to about 5.5. Desirably, this preferred material is obtained from the thermal or chemical decomposition of ammonium thiovanadate (NH.sub.4).sub.3 VS.sub.4.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种电流产生电池，其包含：

公开(公告)号：US08956854B2

公开(公告)日：2015-02-17

申请号：US13039853

申请日：2011-03-03

申请人： Russell R. Chianelli ,  Xiomara Carolina Chianelli

发明人： Russell R. Chianelli ,  Xiomara Carolina Chianelli

IPC分类号： A61L9/01 ,  B09B3/00 ,  B09C1/10 ,  C02F3/34 ,  C07C9/04 ,  C12M1/00 ,  C10L1/00 ,  C12P5/02 ,  H02K7/18

CPC分类号： C07C9/04 ,  C10L1/00 ,  C12M1/00 ,  C12P5/02 ,  H02K7/18 ,  Y02E50/343 ,  Y02P80/21 ,  Y02W30/20 ,  Y10S435/822 ,  Y10S435/946

摘要： A zero-discharge landfill process is disclosed herein. The process described in the present invention recycles the exhaust gases from a combustion engine which reheats the landfill and provides moisture. Additionally, the CO2 from the exhaust gases releases additional methane. Methane production in landfills can thus be enhanced by the method of the present invention. Furthermore, a portion of the exhaust gas can be used to cultivate algae in a cultivation tank. The cultivation of the algal species is enhanced in the presence of water, CO2, CO, and the elevated temperatures. Optionally, a first portion of the cultivated algae can be passed through the landfill to increase methane production in the landfill and a second portion of the cultivated algae can be transferred to a biodiesel production tank, for the conversion of the one or more algal oils and lipids to a biodiesel or a biofuel by a transesterification reaction.

摘要翻译： 这里公开了零排放填埋方法。 本发明中描述的方法从再循环填埋场并提供水分的内燃机中回收废气。 另外，废气中的二氧化碳释放出额外的甲烷。 因此，可以通过本发明的方法来增强填埋场中的甲烷生产。 此外，废气的一部分可用于培养培养罐中的藻类。 在水，CO2，CO和升高的温度下，藻类的培养得到增强。 任选地，培养的藻类的第一部分可以通过填埋场以增加填埋场中的甲烷产生，并且第二部分培养的藻类可以转移到生物柴油生产罐中，以转化一种或多种藻类油，和 脂质通过酯交换反应生物柴油或生物燃料。

公开(公告)号：US08389853B2

公开(公告)日：2013-03-05

申请号：US12833488

申请日：2010-07-09

申请人： Russell R. Chianelli ,  Karina Castillo ,  Vipin Gupta ,  Ali M. Qudah ,  Brenda Torres ,  Rajab Emhemed Abujnah

发明人： Russell R. Chianelli ,  Karina Castillo ,  Vipin Gupta ,  Ali M. Qudah ,  Brenda Torres ,  Rajab Emhemed Abujnah

IPC分类号： H01L31/0256

CPC分类号： H01G9/2059 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  E01C9/00 ,  H01G9/2031 ,  H01L51/0045 ,  Y02E10/542 ,  Y02P70/521

摘要： Photovoltaic devices and methods of making the same, are disclosed herein. The cell comprises: a first electrically conductive layer; at least one photoelectrochemical layer comprising metal-oxide particles, an electrolyte solution, an asphaltene dye, and a second electrically conductive layer.

摘要翻译： 本文公开了光伏器件及其制造方法。 电池包括：第一导电层; 至少一个包含金属氧化物颗粒的光电化学层，电解质溶液，沥青质染料和第二导电层。

公开(公告)号：US07132386B2

公开(公告)日：2006-11-07

申请号：US10819480

申请日：2004-04-07

申请人： Mohammad H. Siadati ,  Gabriel Alonso ,  Russell R. Chianelli

发明人： Mohammad H. Siadati ,  Gabriel Alonso ,  Russell R. Chianelli

IPC分类号： B01J27/051

CPC分类号： C01G41/006 ,  B01J27/051 ,  B01J27/0515 ,  B01J35/002 ,  B01J35/1019 ,  B01J35/1061 ,  B01J35/109 ,  B01J37/088 ,  B01J37/10 ,  C01G39/006 ,  C01G39/06 ,  C01G41/00 ,  C01P2002/02 ,  C01P2002/52 ,  C01P2002/54 ,  C01P2002/72 ,  C01P2002/88 ,  C01P2004/03 ,  C01P2006/12 ,  C01P2006/16 ,  C01P2006/17

摘要： The present invention involves methods and compositions for synthesizing catalysts/porous materials. In some embodiments, the resulting materials are amorphous sulfide sieves that can be mass-produced for a variety of uses. In some embodiments, methods of the invention concern any suitable precursor (such as thiomolybdate salt) that is exposed to a high pressure pre-compaction, if need be. For instance, in some cases the final bulk shape (but highly porous) may be same as the original bulk shape. The compacted/uncompacted precursor is then subjected to an open-flow hot isostatic pressing, which causes the precursor to decompose and convert to a highly porous material/catalyst.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于合成催化剂/多孔材料的方法和组合物。 在一些实施方案中，所得材料是可以多种用途大量生产的无定形硫化物筛。 在一些实施方案中，如果需要，本发明的方法涉及暴露于高压预压实的任何合适的前体（例如硫钼酸盐）。 例如，在一些情况下，最终的整体形状（但是高度多孔的）可以与原来的体积形状相同。 然后将压实/未压缩的前体进行开流热等静压，这使得前体分解并转化成高度多孔的材料/催化剂。

公开(公告)号：US5096569A

公开(公告)日：1992-03-17

申请号：US641328

申请日：1991-01-15

申请人： Peter S. Maa ,  Russell R. Chianelli

发明人： Peter S. Maa ,  Russell R. Chianelli

IPC分类号： C10G1/08

CPC分类号： C10G1/086

摘要： Disclosed is a method for catalytically hydropyrolyzing carbonaceous material to produce liquid products boiling under about 550.degree. C. with reduced amounts of methane being formed. The process comprises (a) treating the carbonaceous material with as hydrogenation catalyst; (b) contacting the so-treated carbonaceous material with an effective amount of hydrogen, at an effective residence time, at a temperature below the critical temperature of rapid methane formation; (c) recovering the resulting liquids, gases, and char; and (d) recycling the char.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于催化加氢热解碳质材料以产生在约550℃下沸腾的液体产物的方法，其中形成的甲烷的量减少。 该方法包括（a）用氢化催化剂处理碳质材料; （b）在低于快速形成甲烷的临界温度的温度下，将有效量的氢气在有效的停留时间下接触; （c）回收所得液体，气体和炭; 和（d）回收炭。

公开(公告)号：US5071813A

公开(公告)日：1991-12-10

申请号：US513344

申请日：1990-04-20

申请人： Edwin L. Kugler ,  Larry E. McCandlish ,  Allan J. Jacobson ,  Russell R. Chianelli

发明人： Edwin L. Kugler ,  Larry E. McCandlish ,  Allan J. Jacobson ,  Russell R. Chianelli

IPC分类号： B01J27/22 ,  B01J27/24 ,  C01B21/06 ,  C01B21/082 ,  C01B31/30 ,  C07C1/04 ,  C07C5/02 ,  C07C5/03 ,  C07C5/10 ,  C07C5/22 ,  C07C5/32 ,  C07C5/367 ,  C07C29/156

CPC分类号： C07C29/156 ,  B01J27/22 ,  B01J27/24 ,  C01B21/0602 ,  C01B21/0828 ,  C01B31/301 ,  C07C1/0435 ,  C07C5/02 ,  C07C5/03 ,  C07C5/10 ,  C07C5/2213 ,  C07C5/322 ,  C07C5/367 ,  C01P2002/50 ,  C01P2006/12 ,  C07C2527/22 ,  C07C2527/24 ,  Y02P20/52

摘要： An eta phase composition in powder form, prepared in the absence of sulfur or sulfur bearing compounds, having a surface area greater than about 2m.sup.2 /g and consisting of X.sub.6 Y.sub.6 Z.sub.a wherein X is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mo and W, Y is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Fe, Co, Ni, Mo and W, Z is at least one element selected from the group consisting of C, N and combinations thereof such that when Z is N, a is greater than or equal to 1 but less than or equal to 2 and when Z is C, a is greater than 1 but less than or equal to 2 except when Z is C and Y is Fe, then a is greater than or equal to 1 but less than or equal to 2. The eta phase may be a carbide, nitride or carbonitride. A method for producing the eta-phase composition includes providing a precursor compound including at least two eta-phase forming metals, and a ligand containing carbon, nitrogen or combinations thereof. The precursor compound is thermally decomposed in a nonoxidizing atmosphere, free of sulfur or sulfur bearing compounds, and reacts with carbon or nitrogen derived from the decomposition of the ligand with the metals to form the eta-phase. The eta phase forming metals are at least two of the metals tungsten, molybdenum, nickel, cobalt and iron. These eta-phase composition may be used for producing or converting hydrocarbons or alchols. This includes hydrogenation of CO (to produce at least one hydrocarbon or at least one alcohol and hydrogenation of unsaturated hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons and olefinic hydrocarbons), isomerization and dehydrogenation.

摘要翻译： 在不存在含硫或含硫化合物的情况下制备的具有粉末形式的η相组合物，其表面积大于约2m 2 / g，由X 6 Y 6 Za组成，其中X是选自Mo和W中的至少一种元素， Y是选自Fe，Co，Ni，Mo和W中的至少一种元素，Z是选自C，N及其组合中的至少一种元素，使得当Z是N时，a更大 1以上且2以下，当Z为C时，a大于1但小于等于2，除非Z为C且Y为Fe，那么a大于或等于1但a 小于或等于2.等离子体相可以是碳化物，氮化物或碳氮化物。 制备等离子体组合物的方法包括提供包含至少两个形成η相的金属的前体化合物和含有碳，氮或其组合的配体。 前体化合物在不含硫或硫的化合物的非氧化气氛中热分解，并与衍生自配体与金属分解的碳或氮反应形成η相。 等离子体相形成金属是金属钨，钼，镍，钴和铁中的至少两种。 这些η相组合物可用于生产或转化烃或醇。 这包括CO的氢化（产生至少一种烃或至少一种醇和不饱和烃，芳族烃和烯烃的氢化），异构化和脱氢。