Abstract:
A non-volatile bistable nano-electromechanical switch is provided for use in memory devices and microprocessors. The switch employs carbon nanotubes as the actuation element. A method has been developed for fabricating nanoswitches having one single-walled carbon nanotube as the actuator. The actuation of two different states can be achieved using the same low voltage for each state.
Abstract:
A fabrication method which can improve electrical properties, shorten processing time, and reduce the thickness of a chip package by achieving an ultra-thin fine circuit pattern. The method for fabricating a printed circuit board includes: providing an insulating material; forming in the insulating material at least one via-hole for interlayer electrical connection; ion beam treating the surface of the insulating material having the via-hole formed therein; forming a copper seed layer on the surface-treated insulating material using a vacuum deposition process; and plating a copper pattern on the copper seed layer to form a circuit pattern.
Abstract:
Image processing devices include a color extractor circuit configured to extract color information from input image data, a color shifter circuit configured to color shift the input image data according to the extracted color information and a definition enhancement circuit configured to detect a color difference from the color-shifted image data and to unsharp mask filter the color-shifted image data according to the detected color difference.
Abstract:
A method of manufacturing the same, in which a fluorine resin coating layer is formed on a resin substrate, and then a copper layer is formed using a dry process including ion beam surface treatment and vacuum deposition instead of a conventional wet process including surface roughening and electroless copper plating. The interfacial adhesion of the substrate material may be increased without changing the surface roughness thereof, thus realizing a highly reliable fine circuit. As well, a low dielectric constant and a low loss coefficient may be obtained thanks to the formation of the fluorine resin layer. Further, a wet process is replaced with a dry process, whereby the copper plating layer may be formed in an environmentally friendly manner.
Abstract:
Disclosed are a printed circuit board and a method of manufacturing the same, in which a fluorine resin coating layer is formed on a resin substrate, and then a copper layer is formed using a dry process including ion beam surface treatment and vacuum deposition instead of a conventional wet process including surface roughening and electroless copper plating. According to this invention, the interfacial adhesion of the substrate material may be increased without changing the surface roughness thereof, thus realizing a highly reliable fine circuit. As well, a low dielectric constant and a low loss coefficient may be obtained thanks to the formation of the fluorine resin layer. Further, a wet process is replaced with a dry process, whereby the copper plating layer may be formed in an environmentally friendly manner.
Abstract:
An apparatus facilitates indirect visualization of vocal cords during intubation. In one embodiment, the apparatus includes: a laryngoscope, the laryngoscope configured to be held during use by a first hand of a medical worker having two hands; a visual display device, the visual display device configured to be coupled to the laryngoscope for physical support of the visual display device during use; and an image acquisition device for acquiring imagery for display on the visual display device, a distal end of the image acquisition device configured to be disposed near a distal end of an elongated element, the elongated element configured to be physically moved during use primarily by a second hand of the medical worker, and thereby the distal end of the image acquisition device being configured to be physically moved during use primarily by the second hand, the first and second hands being the two hands of the medical worker, the imagery for helping to visualize, during use, an opening that is a target for insertion of the ET tube.
Abstract:
Disclosed herein are a thin printed circuit board, in which a pair of high-functional resin substrates having a permittivity ranging from 1.5 to 4.0, on one surface of each of which a circuit pattern is formed through ion-beam surface treatment, vapor deposition and electroplating, are layered with an insulating layer interposed therebetween, and a method of manufacturing the printed circuit board. The circuit patterns are positioned inside the substrates. Thereafter, external layers are formed through ion-beam surface treatment, vapor deposition and electroplating. According to the present invention, the adhesiveness between each of the substrates and a metal layer may be improved through the ion-beam surface treatment/vapor deposition. Furthermore, since the pair of resin substrates are layered with the insulating layer interposed therebetween, the circuit patterns may be disposed inside the pair of resin substrates, so that the total thickness of the substrate may be reduced, thereby realizing highly reliable fine circuits.
Abstract:
A method for assembling colloidal particles onto a substrate surface through fluid transport. The method comprises placing a first fluid placed adjacent to the substrate surface, applying a colloidal dispersion on top of the first fluid layer and removal of the first fluid layer. The method is extremely versatile, and is especially useful in depositing colloidal materials in high aspect ratio channels and vias without the need for prior treatment of the surface.
Abstract:
A method controlling the execution of a reliability verification operation in a storage device including a nonvolatile memory device includes; determining whether a read count for a designated unit within the nonvolatile memory device exceeds a count value limit, and upon determining that the read count exceeds the count value limit, executing the reliability verification operation directed to the designated unit, wherein the count value limit is based on at least one of read count information, page bitmap information and environment information stored in the storage device.
Abstract:
A lighting system automatically assigns a unique address to each lighting apparatus, and controls each lighting apparatus based on the assigned address. The lighting system may include a first lighting apparatus, a second lighting apparatus connected to the first lighting apparatus in series, and a bridge device coupled to the first and second lighting apparatuses in series and configured to assign an address to the first and second lighting apparatuses. The bridge device may transmit a first data packet to initialize the lighting apparatuses for address assignment, and a control circuit may disconnect the connections between the lighting apparatuses during address assignment.