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    Process for generation of synthetic fuel from carbonaceus substances
    47.
    发明授权
    Process for generation of synthetic fuel from carbonaceus substances 失效
    从碳酸钙物质生成合成燃料的方法

    公开(公告)号：US08536234B2

    公开(公告)日：2013-09-17

    申请号：US12897584

    申请日：2010-10-04

    申请人： Valerii Kukhar ,  Valeriy Bortyshevskyy ,  Nataliia Khimach ,  Viktor Burdeynyy ,  Rayisa Korzh ,  Svitlana Melnykova ,  Dmytro Kamens'kyh

    发明人： Valerii Kukhar ,  Valeriy Bortyshevskyy ,  Nataliia Khimach ,  Viktor Burdeynyy ,  Rayisa Korzh ,  Svitlana Melnykova ,  Dmytro Kamens'kyh

    IPC分类号： C07C27/00

    CPC分类号： B01J8/0005 ,  B01J8/0045 ,  B01J8/20 ,  B01J8/26 ,  B01J8/382 ,  B01J8/386 ,  B01J8/42 ,  B01J2219/00006 ,  B01J2219/0004 ,  B01J2219/00103 ,  C10L1/02 ,  C10L9/086

    摘要： A method and apparatus for the generation of synthetic motor fuels and additives to oil fuels, C1-C4 alcohols, hydrogen, methane, synthesized gas (H2+CO2) by hydrothermal treatment of carbonaceous compounds by providing a two-stage carbon gasification process operated under the supercritical conditions of H2O and CO2, including a first stage gasification reactor having a reaction zone for the conversion of carbonaceous compounds and a second stage reactor for the conversion of the products of the first stage reactor; feeding a aqueous suspension of carbonaceous compound in an amount of at least 30% by weight and an alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal catalyst or reactive OH-species from an electrolyzer through said first stage gasification reactor as a supercritical fluid at a volume velocity of 0.01-0.05 g of carbon per 1 cm3 per hour, at a carbon/catalyst mole ratio of between about 70/1 and 90/1, at a temperature of 390-450° C., and under a pressure of about 225 to 500 bars; feeding the reaction products from the first stage reactor to the second stage reactor over a copper-zinc catalyst at the temperature of 200-280° C. and under a pressure of at least about 100 bars so that any gases generated in the first stage are converted into C1-C4 alcohols with the weight ratio of C1-C2 to C3-C4 between about 0-35% to 100-65%.

    摘要翻译： 一种通过提供在二氧化碳气化过程中运行的碳酸化合物的水热处理来生成合成汽油燃料和添加剂的方法和装置，用于生产油燃料，C 1 -C 4醇，氢气，甲烷，合成气体（H 2 + CO 2） H 2 O和CO 2的超临界条件，包括具有用于转化碳质化合物的反应区的第一级气化反应器和用于转化第一级反应器产物的第二级反应器; 将至少30重量％的含碳化合物的水悬浮液和来自电解槽的碱金属或碱土金属催化剂或反应性OH-物质作为超临界流体通过所述第一级气化反应器以体积速度 0.01-0.05g碳/ 1cm 3 /小时，碳/催化剂摩尔比为约70/1至90/1之间，温度为390-450℃，压力为约225至500 酒吧 在200-280℃的温度和至少约100巴的压力下通过铜 - 锌催化剂将反应产物从第一阶段反应器进料到第二阶段反应器，使得在第一阶段中产生的任何气体为 转化为C 1 -C 4醇，其中C 1 -C 2至C 3 -C 4的重量比在约0-35％至100-65％之间。

    Monolithic column
    48.
    发明授权
    Monolithic column 有权
    整体柱

    公开(公告)号：US07473367B2

    公开(公告)日：2009-01-06

    申请号：US11200773

    申请日：2005-08-10

    申请人： Shaofeng Xie

    发明人： Shaofeng Xie

    IPC分类号： B01D15/08

    CPC分类号： B01J20/285 ,  B01D15/20 ,  B01D15/206 ,  B01J8/0005 ,  B01J19/0013 ,  B01J19/18 ,  B01J20/261 ,  B01J20/28042 ,  B01J20/28052 ,  B01J20/283 ,  B01J39/26 ,  B01J41/20 ,  B01J2219/00162 ,  B01J2220/54 ,  B01J2220/58 ,  B01J2220/82 ,  G01N30/52 ,  G01N30/54 ,  G01N30/56 ,  G01N30/6091 ,  G01N2030/525 ,  G01N2030/528 ,  G01N2030/567 ,  Y10T29/49604 ,  G01N2030/522 ,  G01N30/30

    摘要： Permeable polymeric monolithic materials are prepared in a plastic column casing. In one embodiment, the permeable polymeric monolithic materials are polymerized by the application of heat from an external source starting at a low temperature such as 40 degrees centigrade, depending on the mixture and size of the column, and continuing at a higher temperature, such as 60 degrees centigrade. The temperature at the start of the polymerization is low enough so as not to cause exothermal run-away conditions and to avoid high heat of reaction that would prevent a substantially constant temperature across the cross-section of the column. The higher temperature is used after sufficient monomer depletion has occurred and steric interference has increased so the polymerization reaction is sufficiently slow to avoid heat of reaction generation high enough to cause significant reduction in the homogeneousness of the pore sizes.

    摘要翻译： 在塑料柱套管中制备可渗透的聚合物整体材料。 在一个实施方案中，可透过的聚合物整体材料通过根据柱的混合物和尺寸从外部源起始于低温（例如40℃）进行聚合，并在较高温度下继续进行，例如 60摄氏度。 聚合开始时的温度足够低，从而不会引起放热的脱离条件，并避免高度的反应热，从而阻止整个塔的截面上的基本恒定的温度。 在发生足够的单体消耗并且空间干扰增加之后使用较高的温度，因此聚合反应足够慢，以避免足够高的反应产生热，导致孔径的均匀性显着降低。

    Separation system, components of a separation system and methods of making and using them
    50.
    发明申请
    Separation system, components of a separation system and methods of making and using them 有权
    分离系统，分离系统的组成部分以及制造和使用它们的方法

    公开(公告)号：US20060207939A1

    公开(公告)日：2006-09-21

    申请号：US11337071

    申请日：2006-01-19

    申请人： Robert Allington ,  Shaofeng Xie ,  Tao Jiang ,  Mingcheng Xu

    发明人： Robert Allington ,  Shaofeng Xie ,  Tao Jiang ,  Mingcheng Xu

    IPC分类号： B01D15/08

    CPC分类号： B01J20/3064 ,  B01D15/206 ,  B01J8/0005 ,  B01J19/0013 ,  B01J19/18 ,  B01J20/283 ,  B01J20/285 ,  B01J2219/00162 ,  B01J2220/54 ,  B01J2220/82 ,  G01N30/56 ,  G01N2030/522 ,  G01N2030/528 ,  G01N2030/567 ,  G01N30/30

    摘要： Permeable polymeric monolithic materials are prepared in a column casing. In one embodiment, the permeable polymeric monolithic materials are polymerized while pressure is applied through a piston having a smooth piston head in contact with the polymerization mixture. The pressure eliminates wall effect and changes the structure in the column. Similarly, some columns that have a tendency to swell in the presence of aqueous solutions and pressurized while the solution is applied to prevent swelling and wall effect. This procedure also changes the structure in the column. The size of the separation effective openings can be controlled by the amount of the pressure and pores eliminated. Uniformity in the direction flow is improved by controlling polymerization with radiation rather than with conducted heat.

    摘要翻译： 在柱套管中制备可渗透的聚合物整体材料。 在一个实施方案中，可渗透的聚合物整体材料在通过具有与聚合混合物接触的平滑活塞头的活塞施加压力时聚合。 压力消除了墙壁效应并改变了柱子的结构。 类似地，一些在水溶液存在下具有溶胀倾向并在施加溶液时加压以防止膨胀和壁效应的柱。 此过程也会更改列中的结构。 分离有效开口的尺寸可以通过消除的压力和孔隙的量来控制。 通过用辐射而不是传导热来控制聚合来提高方向流动的均匀性。