摘要:
The present invention is a semiconductor structure for light emitting devices that can emit in the red to ultraviolet portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. The semiconductor structure includes a Group III nitride active layer positioned between a first n-type Group III nitride cladding layer and a second n-type Group III nitride cladding layer, the respective bandgaps of the first and second n-type cladding layers being greater than the bandgap of the active layer. The semiconductor structure further includes a p-type Group III nitride layer, which is positioned in the semiconductor structure such that the second n-type cladding layer is between the p-type layer and the active layer.
摘要:
An indexing method is based on a tree structure of a flash memory, which includes a plurality of pages. The indexing method stores an entry in the leaf node and an entry in an index node designating the leaf node, in the same page, and changes the maximum number of entries that are stored in the leaf node of the page and the maximum number of entries that are stored in the index node of the page on the basis of the number of entries in the leaf node and the number of entries in the index node, respectively.
摘要:
A selector (40) and selection method performed at a base station (28) is configured to determine which control channel element(s) (CCE(s)) to use for a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) comprising a subframe according to criteria that improves performance of a telecommunications system (20).
摘要:
A semiconductor device includes a substrate comprising a stack of alternating wiring layers and insulating layers. The wiring layers include conductive wiring patterns. Primary conductive vias extend through respective ones of the insulating layers and electrically connect first ones of the wiring patterns on different ones of the wiring layers to provide electrical connections between opposing first and second surfaces of the substrate. Dummy conductive vias extend through respective ones of the insulating layers and electrically connect second ones of the wiring patterns on different ones of the wiring layers. The dummy conductive vias are arranged in the substrate around a perimeter of a region including the first ones of the wiring patterns, and the dummy conductive vias and the second ones of the wiring patterns electrically connected thereto have a same electric potential to define an electromagnetic shielding structure within the substrate.
摘要:
A conductive pattern on a substrate is formed. An insulating layer having an opening exposing the conductive pattern is formed. A bottom electrode is formed on the conductive pattern and a first sidewall of the opening. A spacer is formed on the bottom electrode and a second sidewall of the opening. The spacer and the bottom electrode are formed to be lower than a top surface of the insulating layer. A data storage plug is formed on the bottom electrode and the spacer. The data storage plug has a first sidewall aligned with a sidewall of the bottom electrode and a second sidewall aligned with a sidewall of the spacer. A bit line is formed on the data storage plug.
摘要:
Provided are methods of fabricating a semiconductor device and semiconductor devices fabricated thereby. In the methods, dummy recess regions may be formed between cell recess regions and a peripheral circuit region. Due to the presence of the dummy recess regions, it may be possible to reduce a concentration gradient of a suppressor contained in a plating solution near the dummy pattern region, to make the concentration of the suppressor more uniform in the cell pattern region, and to supply an electric current more effectively to the cell pattern region. As a result, a plating layer can be more uniformly formed in the cell pattern region, without void formation therein.
摘要:
Methods are described for providing conference calls. Methods are performed in a conference call system and includes: receiving local contact information for a plurality of contacts stored in a local phone book of a user equipment associated with a caller; updating a contact database of the conference call system based on the local contact information; registering the caller with an interactive voice response system of the conference call system; receiving a spoken request from the caller; accessing the contact database with contact information and retrieving a phone number responsive to the spoken request; calling the retrieved phone number; and establishing contact between the caller and a person associated with the retrieved phone number. Systems and computer readable mediums are also described.
摘要:
A light-emitting device includes a substrate that is at least partially transparent to optical radiation and has a first index of refraction. A diode region is disposed on a first surface of the substrate and is configured to emit light responsive to a voltage applied thereto. An encapsulation layer is disposed on a second surface of the substrate and has a second index of refraction. An antireflective layer is disposed between a second surface of the substrate and the encapsulation layer. The antireflective layer has a graded index of refraction having values in a range between about the first index of refraction at a first surface of the antireflective layer and about the second index of refraction at a second surface of the antireflective layer. The encapsulation layer may also be omitted and the antireflective layer may separate the substrate, which has a first index of refraction, from air, which has a second index of refraction. Non “flip-chip” embodiments are also disclosed.
摘要:
A nonvolatile memory device includes a substrate and a first insulating layer on the substrate. The first insulating layer includes a first opening therein. A lower electrode is provided in the first opening and protrudes from a surface of the first insulating layer outside the first opening. An electrode passivation pattern is provided on a sidewall of the lower electrode that protrudes from the surface of the first insulating layer. A second insulating layer is provided on the first insulating layer and includes a second opening therein at least partially exposing the lower electrode. A variable resistance material layer extends into the second opening to contact the lower electrode. The electrode passivation layer electrically separates the sidewall of the lower electrode from the variable resistance material layer. The electrode passivation pattern is formed of a material having an etching selectivity to that of the second insulating layer. Related fabrication methods are also discussed.
摘要:
A resistive memory device and a system and method for testing the resistive memory device are provided. The resistive memory device includes a plurality of bit lines comprising at least one dummy bit line to which a plurality of resistive memory cells are connected, a conducting wire connected to the dummy bit line, a first switching element positioned between the dummy bit line and an external device outside the resistive memory device, and a second switching element positioned between the conducting wire and the external device. Accordingly, the operational reliability of the resistive memory device may be increased.