摘要:
A magnetic head and a production method therefore in which permanent magnet films for applying a DC bias magnetic field Hd h to a magnetoresistive effect element film (MR element film) is arranged on both sides of the thickness dimension of the MR element film through at least a non-magnetic film therebetween. In making the MR element film thicker in order to reduce distortion, the DC bias magnetic field Hd b to be applied to the MR element film is also required to be increased. Unlike the prior art in which the above-mentioned requirement is met by increasing the thickness of the permanent magnet film under the thickness of the MR element film resulting in the problem of breakage of a film member above or under the thickness of the permanent magnet film, the invention further comprises a second permanent magnet film above the thickness of the MR element film without increasing the thickness of the first permanent magnet film. In the case of a magnetic head with a shield members of soft magnetic material holding the MR element film from both sides of the thickness thereof, the MR element film is made thicker to make reproduction possible without any distortion or without substantially increasing the gap. For this purpose, the MR element film is held on the sides above and under the thickness thereof by first and second permanent magnet films which in turn are held by the shield members. To minimize distribution of the MR element film, a comparatively high-temperature process after forming of the MR element film i.e., forming of the second permanent magnet film is effected at optimum temperature, and a magnetic field is applied along the magnetic easy axis of the MR element film.
摘要:
A multi-element magnetic head having a plurality of magnetic heads, in which a common electrode common to the coils of the individual heads is provided. By this construction the number of electrodes is reduced and also the area required for contact between leads from an external circuit and electrodes are reduced. Thus, it is made possible to reduce the head pitch of the magnetic heads.
摘要:
A navigation system for providing different modes of navigation guidance to drivers is provided. A smart card stores user information. In a main apparatus, a parameter table storage section stores parameters which are used for controlling the outputting of navigation guidance to an entity. A control section acquires at least one parameter from the parameter table storage section based on the user information stored in the smart card, and thereafter generates information necessary for providing navigation guidance for the entity in accordance with the acquired parameter(s). A display section or an audio output section outputs various information generated by the control section.
摘要:
On a silicon substrate is formed a silicon dioxide film and then hemispherical grains made of silicon, each having an extremely small diameter, are deposited thereon by LPCVD. After annealing the hemispherical grains, the silicon dioxide film is etched using the hemispherical grains as a first dotted mask, thereby forming a second dotted mask composed of the silicon dioxide film. The resulting second dotted mask is used to etch the silicon substrate to a specified depth from the surface thereof, thereby forming an aggregate of semiconductor micro-needles. Since the diameter of each of the semiconductor micro-needles is sufficiently small to cause the quantum size effects as well as has only small size variations, remarkable quantum size effects can be obtained. Therefore, it becomes possible to constitute a semiconductor apparatus with a high information-processing function by using the aggregate of semiconductor micro-needles (quantized region).
摘要:
An antenna device comprising a conductive earth substrate, a receiving element located in the proximity of said conductive earth substrate and having a receiving terminal, and a transmitting element located in the proximity of said receiving element and having a transmitting terminal, characterized in that an end of said receiving element and an end of said transmitting element are connected to said conductive earth substrate for grounding through a common portion and the frequency band of said receiving element is different from that of said transmitting element.
摘要:
On a silicon substrate is formed a silicon dioxide film and then hemispherical grains made of silicon. each having an extremely small diameter, are deposited thereon by LPCVD. After annealing the hemispherical grains, the silicon dioxide film is etched using the hemispherical grains as a first dotted mask, thereby forming a second dotted mask composed of the silicon dioxide film. The resulting second dotted mask is used to etch the silicon substrate to a specified depth from the surface thereof, thereby forming an aggregate of semiconductor micro-needles. Since the diameter of each of the semiconductor micro-needles is sufficiently small to cause the quantum size effects as well as has only small size variations, remarkable quantum size effects can be obtained. Therefore, it becomes possible to constitute a semiconductor apparatus with a high information-processing function by using the aggregate of semiconductor micro-needles (quantized region).
摘要:
In an ultrasonic transmitter-receiver for an apparatus for measuring the position or distance of an object, a composite vibrating unit is constructed with a piezoelectric vibrator and a cone, wherein a substantial conical vertex of the cone is connected to a center of vibration of the piezoelectric vibrator, and a node of vibration is generated on the cone at positions symmetrical about its center axis when the piezoelectric vibrator vibrates with deflection.
摘要:
A plurality of antennas are disposed in a predetermined area and wherein size, configuration and mounting condition of the antennas are set so that their directivities formed by interference therebetween are most desirable.
摘要:
A new surface reaction model has been presented to simulate topological evolutions by taking into account the existence of absorbed radicals on the substrate surface. The model treats the etching rate as a function of the coverage ratio by absorbed radicals on the surface. Based on the model, a two-dimensional topography simulator has been provided. The simulator is applied to silicon-dioxide trench teachings made by hydrofluorcarbon gases. The topography simulator is used in a dry-etching process for realizing sub-half micron patternings.
摘要:
On the inner surface of a chamber are circumferentially disposed three lateral electrodes at regular intervals. To the lateral electrodes are applied three high-frequency electric powers of 50 MHz, each differing in phase by approximately 120.degree.. On the bottom of the chamber is placed a sample stage serving as a second electrode, around which is provided a ring-shaped earth electrode. To the sample stage is applied high-frequency electric power of 13.56 MHz. The distance between each of the three lateral electrodes and the earth electrode is longer than the distance between the sample stage and the earth electrode.