摘要:
Disclosed is an apparatus utilizing a light emitting semiconductor device which has a pumped region and an unpumped absorber region and in which an active layer has a quantum well structure. In this light emitting semiconductor device, driving current/light output characteristics have dependence on the pulse width of a driving current. A logic unit or a noise reducing apparatus is realized utilizing this property. Furthermore, in the above described light emitting semiconductor device, the central wavelength of emitted light has dependence on a driving current or dependence on driving time. A light beam scanner can be realized utilizing this property.
摘要:
A foldable wall hanging holder for electric shaver comprises an integral plate of a synthetic resin which is foldably or bendably divided into fixing, holding and bracing plate parts respectively by means of first and second hinge parts. The respective plate parts are bent at the hinge parts to form a right-angled triangle, with the holding plate part braced by the bracing plate part at right angles with respect to the fixing plate part to be fixed to a wall surface or the like, for holding the shaver in a hole of the holding part and in an aperture of the bracing plate part aligned with the hole.
摘要:
A liquid chromatography apparatus is provided with a sample preparation unit, a column that separates components of a sample, an eluent supplier that includes a feeder for supplying eluents to the column, a flow path directional valve capable of introducing fixed amounts of the sample and the eluents to the column, an analyzer for analyzing a test solution composed of the sample components separated by the column and one of the eluents, and a controller, wherein the eluent supplier supplies the eluents to the flow path directional valve in an unmixed state. As a result of employing this configuration, analysis time is shortened and eluent consumption is reduced.
摘要:
A variable resistance nonvolatile memory element includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a variable resistance layer including: a first oxide layer including a metal oxide having non-stoichiometric composition and including p-type carriers; a second oxide layer located between and in contact with the first oxide layer and a second electrode and including a metal oxide having non-stoichiometric composition and including n-type carriers; an oxygen reservoir region located in the first oxide layer, having no contact with the first electrode, and having an oxygen content atomic percentage higher than that of the first oxide layer; and a local region located in the second oxide layer, having contact with the oxygen reservoir region, and having an oxygen content atomic percentage lower than that of the second oxide layer.
摘要:
A nonvolatile memory device (800) includes a variable resistance nonvolatile memory element (100) and a control circuit (810). The control circuit (810) determines whether a resistance value of the nonvolatile memory element (100) in a high resistance state is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value. Moreover, if the resistance value of the nonvolatile memory element (100) in the high resistance state is smaller than the threshold value, the control circuit (810) applies a first voltage (VL1) to the nonvolatile memory element (100) to change a resistance state of the nonvolatile memory element (100) from the high resistance state to the low resistance state. Moreover, if the resistance value of the nonvolatile memory element (100) in the high resistance state is equal to or greater than the threshold value, the control circuit (810) applies to the nonvolatile memory element (100) a second voltage (VL2) an absolute value of which is smaller an absolute value of the first voltage (VL1) to change the resistance state of the nonvolatile memory element (100) from the high resistance state to the low resistance state.
摘要:
A nonvolatile semiconductor memory apparatus including a substrate, lower-layer electrode wires provided on the substrate, an interlayer insulating layer provided with contact holes at locations respectively opposite to the lower-layer electrode wires, resistance variable layers which are respectively connected to the lower-layer electrode wires; and non-ohmic devices which are respectively provided on the resistance variable layers. The non-ohmic devices each has a laminated-layer structure including plural semiconductor layers, a laminated-layer structure including a metal electrode layer and an insulator layer, or a laminated-layer structure including a metal electrode layer and a semiconductor layer. One layer of the laminated-layer structure is embedded to fill each of the contact holes and the semiconductor layer or the insulator layer which is the other layer of the laminated-layer structure has a larger area than an opening of each of the contact holes and is provided on the interlayer insulating layer.
摘要:
A method includes applying a first polarity writing voltage pulse to a metal oxide layer to change its resistance state from high to low into a write state, applying a second polarity erasing voltage pulse different from the first polarity to the metal oxide layer to change its resistance state from low to high into an erase state, and applying an initial voltage pulse having the second polarity to the metal oxide layer before first application of the writing voltage pulse, to change an initial resistance value of the metal oxide layer. R0>RH>RL and |V0|>|Ve|≧|Vw| are satisfied where R0, RL, and RH are the resistance values of the initial, write, and erase states, respectively, of the metal oxide layer, and V0, Vw, and Ve are voltage values of the initial, writing, and erasing voltage pulses, respectively.
摘要:
A nonvolatile memory element of the present invention comprises a first electrode (103), a second electrode (108); a resistance variable layer (107) which is interposed between the first electrode (103) and the second electrode (107) and is configured to switch a resistance value reversibly in response to an electric signal applied between the electrodes (103) and (108), and the resistance variable layer (107) has at least a multi-layer structure in which a first hafnium-containing layer having a composition expressed as HfOx (0.9≦x≦1.6), and a second hafnium-containing layer having a composition expressed as HfOy (1.8≦y≦2.0) are stacked together.
摘要:
A nonvolatile memory device (800) includes a variable resistance nonvolatile memory element (100) and a control circuit (810). The control circuit (810) determines whether a resistance value of the nonvolatile memory element (100) in a high resistance state is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value. Moreover, if the resistance value of the nonvolatile memory element (100) in the high resistance state is smaller than the threshold value, the control circuit (810) applies a first voltage (VL1) to the nonvolatile memory element (100) to change a resistance state of the nonvolatile memory element (100) from the high resistance state to the low resistance state. Moreover, if the resistance value of the nonvolatile memory element (100) in the high resistance state is equal to or greater than the threshold value, the control circuit (810) applies to the nonvolatile memory element (100) a second voltage (VL2) an absolute value of which is smaller an absolute value of the first voltage (VL1) to change the resistance state of the nonvolatile memory element (100) from the high resistance state to the low resistance state.