摘要:
An image forming apparatus for an electrophotographic process utilizes an agglomerate of toner powder so as to avoid scattering of toner powder. When the agglomerate is crushed or de-agglomerated to fine toner powder, only toner powder having a proper particle size for electrophotography is selected by a mesh member through which the toner must pass. The process can be utilized for a single component toner developing system and a component toner developing system.
摘要:
An electrophotographic image fixing device having preventing offsetting and affording images of high quality is provided. The electrophotographic image fixing device has a heating roller 1, made up of a mandrel 5 and an elastic layer 4 of 40-60.degree. in hardness, as measured by a spring type hardness meter of JIS K6301, provided on the mandrel, and a pressure roller 2, arranged in contact with the heating roller 1 and having a surface layer 6 the hardness of which is equal to or higher than the hardness of the elastic layer 4 of the heating roller 1. A heater 8 is provided for heating and fusion-depositing a toner image onto a toner substrate 3, by passing through the nip portion between the two rollers the toner substrate 3 on which the toner image has been formed. The linear speed of the surface of the pressure roller is 1.005-1.05 times that of the surface of the heating roller.
摘要:
A roller fixing unit for a color electrophotographic apparatus having a fixing roller and a pressing roller rotating in contact with each other, at least one of the rollers acting as a heating roller, as well as a control unit for connecting a power source to the heating device for only a predicted time duration based on a detected surface temperature of the heating roller so that the surface temperature of the heating roller reaches a setting temperature before the time when the top end of a first sheet of print medium having a color image arrives at the fixing roller in a case where the surface temperature of the heating roller in a standby state is lower than the setting temperature. The control unit is set to perform a power source connection for every sheet of print media coming out from an intermediate transfer unit in the color electrophotographic apparatus.
摘要:
A color electrophotographic apparatus includes a photosensitive belt arranged obliquely, and a plurality of developing machines arranged on one side of the photosensitive belt in a stacked manner so as to be displaced from one another in a horizontal direction. The photosensitive belt is movable from below to above in a direction opposite to a direction of gravity when in a developing position. The developing machines include a non-magnetic, one component contact developing system having a developing roll for adhering toner on the photosensitive belt and a blade disposed below the developing roll for controlling an amount of toner adhering to the developing roll.
摘要:
A power module and a power converter device including the power module include: two base plates with their main surfaces facing each other; a semiconductor circuit unit disposed between the two base plates; a connecting member that is connected to the two base plates and forms a housing region in which the semiconductor circuit unit is housed; and an insulating member that is placed between the base plate and the semiconductor circuit unit and secures electrical insulation of the base plate and the semiconductor circuit unit. A rigidity or thickness of the connecting member is less than a rigidity or thickness of the base plate.
摘要:
The power conversion apparatus uses the semiconductor device. Said semiconductor device includes a first group of power semiconductor elements at least one of which is electrically connected between a first potential and a third potential, a second group of power semiconductor elements at least one of which is electrically connected between a second potential and the third potential, and a third group of power semiconductor elements at least one of which is electrically connected between the first potential and the third potential. The second group is disposed between the first group and third group.Thereby, a low-loss semiconductor device having both inductance reducibility and heat generation balancing capability and also an electric power conversion apparatus using the same is provided.
摘要:
Semiconductor devices,-semiconductor wafers, and semiconductor modules are provided: wherein the semiconductor device has a small warp; damages at chip edge and cracks in a dropping test are scarcely generated; and the semiconductor device is superior in mounting reliability and mass producibility.The semiconductor device 17 comprising: a semiconductor chip 64; a porous stress relaxing layer 3 provided on the plane, whereon circuits and electrodes are formed, of the semiconductor chip; a circuit layer 2 provided on the stress relaxing layer and connected to the electrodes; and external terminals 10 provided on the circuit layer; wherein an organic protecting film 7 is formed on the plane, opposite to the stress relaxing layer, of the semiconductor chip, and respective side planes of the stress relaxing layer, the semiconductor chip 6, and the protecting film 7 are exposed outside on a same plane.
摘要:
The power conversion apparatus uses the semiconductor device. Said semiconductor device includes a first group of power semiconductor elements at least one of which is electrically connected between a first potential and a third potential, a second group of power semiconductor elements at least one of which is electrically connected between a second potential and the third potential, and a third group of power semiconductor elements at least one of which is electrically connected between the first potential and the third potential. The second group is disposed between the first group and third group. Thereby, a low-loss semiconductor device having both inductance reducibility and heat generation balancing capability and also an electric power conversion apparatus using the same is provided.
摘要:
A semiconductor device having a semiconductor element is obtained by cutting a semiconductor wafer, having an electrode pad formed on one side thereof, along a scribe line. The semiconductor device has a semiconductor element protective layer on the semiconductor element so as to form an opening above the pad, a stress cushioning layer on the layer so as to form an opening on the pad, a lead wire portion reaching the layer from the electrode pad via the openings, external electrodes on the lead wire portion, and a conductor protective layer on the layer. The layer, the layer, and the conductor protective layer form respective end faces on the end surface of the semiconductor element inside the scribe line and expose a surface of the semiconductor element from the end face of the end surface to a point inside of the scribe line, thereby to expose the scribe line.