摘要:
A monopod body is constructed such that inside pipes having smaller diameters sequentially are extensibly inserted into an outside pipe in a telescopic fashion and a bracket to which a panhead is attached is fitted into the upper end of the outside pipe. Two auxiliary legs whose lengths are substantially equal to the shortest length of the monopod body when the monopod body is contracted most are pivotally attached to the bracket so that the two auxiliary legs can be rotated with an inclination of a predetermined angle. Therefore, the monopod for supporting a camera or the like can be served also as a tripod.
摘要:
A flow rate controller of an internal combustion engine includes a flow rate change section configured by including an EGR valve, a bypass valve, and a diesel throttle, as the flow rate change section capable of changing at least one of a flow rate of exhaust gas that is recirculated to an intake system from an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine via an EGR passage and a flow rate of fresh air that flows into the internal combustion engine. In addition, an ECU is included to realize: an arrival position determining section for determining an arrival position of condensed water in the EGR passage that is moved by the EGR at least either at the time of acceleration or at the time of deceleration of the internal combustion engine; and a control section for controlling the flow rate change section on the basis of the arrival position determined by the arrival position determining section.
摘要:
An opening and closing condition of a thermostat is optimized. In a cooling system for an internal combustion engine in which a cooling water, in which its specific heat becomes larger at a predetermined temperature than at other temperatures, is caused to circulates through a cooling water passage, there are provided a radiator, a bypass passage that bypasses the radiator, and a thermostat that interrupts the circulation of the cooling water to the radiator and circulates the cooling water to the bypass passage when it closes, and circulates the cooling water to at least the radiator when it opens, wherein the thermostat is set to open at the time when the temperature of the cooling water is higher than a predetermined temperature.
摘要:
Disclosed is a technology that enables better reduction of NOx stored in an NOx catalyst in an exhaust gas purification system for an internal combustion engine. When NOx stored in an NOx catalyst is to be reduced, the air-fuel ratio of the ambient atmosphere around the NOx catalyst is decreased to a target air-fuel ratio by decreasing the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas discharged from the internal combustion engine. In doing so, if the temperature of the NOx catalyst is not lower than a specific temperature, the air-fuel ratio of the ambient atmosphere around the NOx catalyst is decreased to the target air-fuel ratio while bringing the combustion state into low temperature combustion. On the other hand, if the temperature of the NOx catalyst is lower than the specific temperature, the air-fuel ratio of the ambient atmosphere around the NOx catalyst is decreased to the target air-fuel ratio while decreasing the quantity of EGR gas in a cylinder so that the amount of generated smoke is kept within an allowable range.
摘要:
During a rich spike control for an exhaust gas purification system for an internal combustion engine, a base air-fuel ratio AFb is decreased in a range where a combustion variation ΔCC does not exceed a permissible limit ΔCCL (S108). When the combustion variation ΔCC exceeds the permissible limit ΔCCL, the spike base air-fuel ratio AFbs is increased (S213). When the torque decrease amount ΔTD is above the permissible value ΔTDL, the spike base air-fuel ratio AFbs is decreased (S215). When the combustion variation ΔCC is above the permissible limit ΔCCL, and the torque decrease amount ΔTD is above the permissible value ΔTDL, the spike base air-fuel ratio AFbs is increased, and a fuel discharge time number EN is increased (S216).
摘要:
An internal combustion engine control apparatus that prevents an abrupt change in the air amount at the time of supercharger switching. The control apparatus enters a small turbo operating state in which a small turbocharger is mainly operative, during relatively low-rotation-speed and low-load side, and enters a large turbo operating state in which a large turbocharger is mainly operative, in a relatively high-rotation-speed and high-load. In the small turbo operating state, the control apparatus can exercise charging efficiency enhancement control by using a scavenging effect. Before switching from the small turbo operating state to the large turbo operating state, the control apparatus predicts whether the large turbocharger will build up its boost pressure quickly or slowly. When slow boost pressure is predicted, the control apparatus exercises charging efficiency enhancement control to provide a low degree of charging efficiency enhancement.
摘要:
Disclosed is a technology that enables better reduction of NOx stored in an NOx catalyst in an exhaust gas purification system for an internal combustion engine. When NOx stored in an NOx catalyst is to be reduced, the air-fuel ratio of the ambient atmosphere around the NOx catalyst is decreased to a target air-fuel ratio by decreasing the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas discharged from the internal combustion engine. In doing so, if the temperature of the NOx catalyst is not lower than a specific temperature, the air-fuel ratio of the ambient atmosphere around the NOx catalyst is decreased to the target air-fuel ratio while bringing the combustion state into low temperature combustion. On the other hand, if the temperature of the NOx catalyst is lower than the specific temperature, the air-fuel ratio of the ambient atmosphere around the NOx catalyst is decreased to the target air-fuel ratio while decreasing the quantity of EGR gas in a cylinder so that the amount of generated smoke is kept within an allowable range.
摘要:
This invention relates to an exhaust gas purifying apparatus having a particulate filter for collecting particulates in exhaust gas. This particulate filter (22) contains partition walls defining paths (50, 51) in which exhaust gas flows. This partition wall is formed of porous material. This particulate filter (22) is created by gathering tips of the partition walls and then baking with the adjacent partition walls being in contact with each other. The adjacent partition walls are bonded together at a predetermined bonding strength if the partition walls are baked such that they are in contact. According to this invention, the end portion of the particulate filter (22) has a higher strength than the predetermined bonding strength.
摘要:
An exhaust gas purification apparatus for an engine having a combustion chamber includes a device that prevents overheating of a particulate filter. The apparatus includes an exhaust passage, a particulate filter arranged in the exhaust passage for removing particulate in exhaust gas exhausted from the combustion chamber by oxidation, and a device for controlling the characteristics of the exhaust gas flowing into the particulate filter. A judgment is made whether the particulate filter will be deteriorated by heat. If yes, the controlling device changes the characteristics of the exhaust gas flowing into the particulate filter to prevent the particulate filter from being deteriorated by heat.
摘要:
A particulate filter (22) for removing particulates included in an exhaust gas discharged from a combustion chamber (5) is arranged in an engine exhaust passage. The particulate filter has wall partitions (54) which the exhaust gas can pass through. The particulates included in the exhaust gas are removed by oxidation in the interior of the partitions. The particulates are fluidized in the interior of the partitions.