摘要:
A plasma processing system for plasma processing of substrates such as semiconductor wafers. The system includes a plasma processing chamber, a substrate support for supporting a substrate within the processing chamber, a dielectric member having an interior surface facing the substrate support, the dielectric member forming a wall of the processing chamber, a gas supply comprising one or more injector tubes extending rectilinearly in the plasma processing chamber and having one or more orifices in a sidewall for supplying gas into the chamber, and an RF energy source such as a planar coil which inductively couples RF energy through the dielectric member and into the chamber to energize the process gas into a plasma state. The gas is supplied through orifices located outside of regions at the distal tip of the injector tubes where electric field lines are concentrated. The arrangement minimizes clogging of the orifices since the orifices are located away from areas where most build-up of process byproducts occur on the injector tube.
摘要:
An electrostatic chuck comprises an electrode cap with a dielectric layer for attracting and holding the back side of a semiconductor wafer positioned on the top surface of the dielectric layer, and a lower electrode. The electrostatic chuck is heated by resistive heating elements attached to or embedded within the chuck. The electrostatic chuck is cooled by circulating liquid coolant through the body of the chuck. Coolant gas is provided at the back side of the semiconductor wafer to improve thermal transfer. A feedback control mechanism maintains the chuck, and consequently the wafer, at a predetermined temperature by actively controlling both the heating and the cooling functions.
摘要:
A plasma processing system for processes such as chemical vapor deposition includes a plasma processing chamber, a substrate holder for supporting a substrate within the processing chamber, a dielectric member having an interior surface facing the substrate holder, the dielectric member forming a wall of the processing chamber a gas supply for supplying gas to the chamber, directed towards the substrate, and an RF energy source such as a planar coil which inductively couples RF energy through the dielectric member and into the chamber to energize the process gas into a plasma state. The gas supply may comprise a primary gas ring and a secondary gas ring for supplying gases or gas mixtures into the chamber. The gas supply may further include injectors attached to the primary gas ring which inject gas into the chamber, directed toward the substrate. The plasma processing system may also include a cooling mechanism for cooling the primary gas ring during processing.
摘要:
A plasma cleaning method for removing deposits in a CVD chamber. The method includes introducing a cleaning gas comprising a fluorine-based gas into the chamber. A plasma is formed by exposing the cleaning gas to an inductive field generated by resonating a radio frequency current in a RF antenna coil. A plasma cleaning step is performed by contacting interior surfaces of the chamber with the plasma for a time sufficient to remove the deposits on the interior surfaces. An advantage of the plasma cleaning method is that it allows for in-situ cleaning of the chamber at high rates, thereby effectively reducing equipment downtime. The method has particular applicability in the cleaning of a PECVD process chamber.
摘要:
A method of depositing a dielectric film on a substrate in a process chamber of an inductively coupled plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition reactor. Gap filling between electrically conductive lines on a semiconductor substrate and depositing a cap layer are achieved. Films having significantly improved physical characteristics including reduced film stress are produced by heating the substrate holder on which the substrate is positioned in the process chamber.
摘要:
A method of selectively etching organosilicate layers in integrated circuit fabrication processes is disclosed. The organosilicate layers are selectively etched using a hydrogen-containing fluorocarbon gas. The hydrogen-containing fluorocarbon gas may be used to selectively etch an organosilicate layer formed on a silicon oxide stop etch layer when fabricating a damascene structure.
摘要:
A modified T cell includes exogenous polynucleotides that encode components of a therapeutic expression system. A first exogenous polynucleotide encodes a therapeutic polypeptide operably linked to a regulatory region inducible by inducer. A second exogenous polynucleotide encodes polypeptide components of a chemical induced proximity (CIP) complex. A third exogenous polynucleotide that encodes a chimeric antigen receptor that specifically binds to an antigen.
摘要:
Numero Cubes and the Whole Number System are disclosed. In one embodiment, the system may comprise cubes, pegs, magnets, dividers, shafts, and a number placement panel. The shafts may comprise individual marks representing the base ten number system. The system may provide a method of learning mathematics through a cognitively authentic learning experience in constructing and building numbers.
摘要:
Numero Cubes and the Whole Number System are disclosed. In one embodiment, the system may comprise cubes, pegs, magnets, dividers, shafts, and a number placement panel. The shafts may comprise individual marks representing the base ten number system. The system may provide a method of learning mathematics through a cognitively authentic learning experience in constructing and building numbers.
摘要:
The invention provides methods for concentrating a macromolecule from a solution comprising the macromolecule and an organic polymer by first subjecting the solution to ultrafiltration to produce a first retentate solution, then adjusting the conductivity of the first retentate solution such that any protein precipitation induced by the organic polymer is essentially prevented to produce a second retentate solution, and then subjecting the second retentate solution to ultrafiltration. In a preferred embodiment, the conductivity is adjusted by diafiltration against water, suitable diluent or buffer. Preferably, the invention pertains to the concentration of solutions of native or recombinant proteins. The invention further pertains preferably to methods for the concentration of cell culture supernatant comprising a product protein and organic polymers of the Pluronic family of block co-polymers, and more preferably comprising Pluronic F-68 block co-polymer.