摘要:
An on chip delay regulator circuit which varies the power in logic or array circuits on the chip so as to minimize, or eliminate, chip to chip circuit speed differences caused by power supply variations and/or lot to lot process differences, temperature, etc.The on chip delay regulator accomplishes this by comparing a reference signal to an on chip generated signal which is sensitive to power supply changes, lot to lot process changes, temperature, etc. The comparison creates an error signal which is used to change the power (current or voltage) supplied to the on chip circuits. By changing the circuit power, the circuit speed (gate delay) is increased or decreased as necessary to maintain a relatively constant circuit speed on each chip.For example, a plurality of integrated circuit chips each contain an on chip delay regulator. The on chip delay regulator on each chip of said plurality of integrated circuit chips receives and responds to the same signal (or clock). Each chip provides a discrete on chip generated signal related to the parameters of the chip. The gate delay (or speed) of the circuitry on each chip is determined by its on chip delay regulator under control of the common reference signal (or clock).
摘要:
A driver circuit for a capacitively loaded line employs the charge storage capacitance of a diode for raising the base of a driver transistor above the circuit power supply voltage level so as to pull up the line to within a transistor base-emitter voltage drop of the power supply voltage level. The driver is easily fabricated in integrated circuit form, as no capacitors, either on or off chip, are required.The driver circuit includes a driver transistor, the collector of which is connected to the power supply and the emitter of which is connected to the line. A switching transistor has an input voltage applied between its base and emitter. A diode is connected between the switching and driver transistors, the anode being connected to the base of the driver transistor, and the cathode being connected to the collector of the switching transistor.In response to a first input signal, the switching transistor turns on, forward biasing the diode and building up a voltage thereon as a result of the diode's charge storage capacitance. In response to a second input signal, the switching transistor turns off, raising the anode to the power supply voltage, and raising the cathode (and the base of the driver transistor connected thereto) to a voltage higher than the power supply voltage. The emitter of the driver transistor (and the line connected thereto) is thus pulled up to a value nominally approaching the power supply voltage, despite the base-emitter voltage drop of the driver transistor.
摘要:
Compensation circuit means for inclusion in an off-chip driver circuit is provided to reduce self-induced switching noise in a multi-chip module semiconductor structure. A module section interconnects the chips and the chips have a power supply and power leads respectively. The compensation circuit means, which is coupled across the output transistor circuit of the off-chip driver, may comprise one or more serially connected diodes. The diode (or diodes) may be formed by the base collector junction of a bipolar transistor.
摘要:
An on chip delay regulator circuit which varies the power in logic or array circuits on the chip so as to minimize, or eliminate, chip to chip circuit speed differences caused by power supply variations and/or lot to lot process differences, temperature, etc. The on chip delay regulator accomplishes this by comparing a periodic reference signal to a periodic on chip generated signal which is sensitive to power supply changes, lot to lot process changes, temperature, etc. The comparison creates an error signal which is used to change the power (current or voltage) supplied to the on chip circuits. By changing the circuit power, the circuit speed (gate delay) is increased or decreased as necessary to maintain a relatively constant circuit speed on each chip. For example, a plurality of integrated circuit chips each contain an on chip delay regulator. The on chip delay regulator on each chip of said plurality of integrated circuit chips receives and responds to the same signal (or clock). Each chip provides a discrete on chip generated signal related to the parameters of the chip. The gate delay (or speed) of the circuitry on each chip is determined by its on chip delay regulator under control of the common reference signal (or clock). At least certain of the chips include an AC measurement circuit for comparing the periodicity of said reference signal with the periodicity of said on generated chip signal and cooperating with the delay regulator thereof to provide one of three discrete electrical manifestations.
摘要:
A process is described which permits the fabrication of very narrow base width bipolar transistors in selected areas of an integrated circuit chip and bipolar transistors of wider base width on other selected areas of the same integrated circuit chip. The ability to selectively vary the transistor characteristics from one region of an integrated circuit chip to another provides a degree of freedom for design of integrated circuits which is valuable. The bipolar transistors on an integrated circuit chip are processed up to the point of emitter formation using conventional techniques. But, prior to the emitter formation, the base area which is to be the emitters of the selected region having the very narrow base transistors is dry etched using reactive ion etching. The existing silicon nitride/silicon dioxide layers with the emitter opening therein are used as the etching mask for this reactive ion etching procedure. Once the etching is completed to the desired depth, the normal processing is resumed to form the emitter and rest of the metallization.
摘要:
A current controlled gate performing a NOR function utilizes a pair of transistors acting as current mirrors that receive a DC bias through a large resistor. This bias occurs when an input transistor is positive to insure that one of the current mirror transistors will saturate when the input transistors are "off" and the other will be driven into saturation when either of the input transistors is "on". When all inputs are negative, one of the current mirror transistors saturates thereby reducing the current to the input transistors effectively to zero. The saturation results in the collector-base capacitance increasing very rapidly such that the input assumes the characteristics of a common emitter due to the large capacitance existing in the collector of the current mirror transistor. An active push-pull output is produced with a single collector path from input to output.
摘要:
A fault tolerant logic circuit capable of absorbing many D.C. and A.C. defects. The logic circuit employs a number of redundant logic gate circuits. The gate circuits are arranged in at least first and second interconnected signal paths. The logic gate circuits have two independent outputs. The two independent outputs are each connected to an input in a discrete one the first and second interconnected signal paths.
摘要:
A thermoelectrically cooled integrated circuit package including an insulative module which defines a cavity, a thermoelectric cooler within the cavity, and an integrated circuit chip connected to the thermoelectric cooler, thus providing an integrated circuit package in which the integrated circuit package itself dissipates thermal energy generated by the integrated circuit chip.
摘要:
A circuit and method for generating a read complete signal for a high speed densely packaged monolithic memory is disclosed. The memory is designed to utilize an externally generated address valid signal which indicates that the address to the memory is valid. The receipt of the address valid signal sets a set/reset latch and starts the memory. The addressed memory cells are sensed. When at least one memory cell has data at its output below a threshold, the data are said to be unstable and the set/reset latch is then conditioned to be reset. When the data sensed by all the sensing circuits are stable, a signal is sent to the set/reset latch to cause it to be reset. The resetting of the set/reset latch causes an output thereof to change state. This state change comprises the read complete signal which is used to determine the read cycle time of the memory and may also be used in diagnostic tests of the memory.
摘要:
A method is illustrated in the flow diagram 100 of FIG. 1. A processor 1001 renders a message 1025 for the processor operator's education during times of processor latency 1015, such as dialing onto any network, such as the Internet. This wait time 1017 is normally non-productive, and therefore can be used in such a way as to be non-invasive. It is also understood that this time is short, so as to make other actions, such as getting up from the desk, not attractive. Finally, even if the wait time was, or became, very short, the present invention provides the first message 1025 to the process operator that has been filtered. This filtering is a balance of the message owner's willingness to out bid other messages, the time of the day, the location of the operator, and finally the operator's likes and dislikes.