摘要:
An apparatus for producing holes in dielectric workpieces in the form of thin sheets and substrates, in particular of glass or glass-like materials and semiconductors is provided. The apparatus includes individual high-voltage electrodes that are symmetrically arranged on an electrode holder around the hole to be produced in the workpiece. The apparatus also includes individual counter electrodes that are arranged on a counter electrode holder. The electrodes and counter electrodes can be connected in a permutating manner to a high-voltage source for the discharge of high-voltage flashovers.
摘要:
Methods and apparatuses for producing a multiplicity of holes in thin workpieces made of glass or glass-like materials and semiconductors are provided. The method includes directing multiple laser beams onto predetermined perforation points of the workpiece in a wavelength range between 1600 and 200 nm and with a radiation intensity that causes local non-thermal destruction of the workpiece material along respective filamentary channels. Subsequently, the filamentary channels are widened to the desired diameter of the holes.
摘要:
An apparatus for producing holes in dielectric workpieces in the form of thin sheets and substrates, in particular of glass or glass-like materials and semiconductors is provided. The apparatus includes individual high-voltage electrodes that are symmetrically arranged on an electrode holder around the hole to be produced in the workpiece. The apparatus also includes individual counter electrodes that are arranged on a counter electrode holder. The electrodes and counter electrodes can be connected in a permutating manner to a high-voltage source for the discharge of high-voltage flashovers.
摘要:
A method and apparatus for producing a multiplicity of holes in thin sheet-like workpieces of dielectric material or semiconductors is provided. The perforation points are marked by HF coupling points and caused to soften using HF energy in order to obtain dielectric breakdowns. The breakdowns are then widened into holes.
摘要:
A method for producing perforated work pieces from glass, glass ceramics, or semiconductors in a stress-relieving manner is provided. The method includes heating the work piece up to the glass transition temperature and perforating the work piece using a high-voltage electric field of suitable frequency or pulse shape. Then, the perforated work piece is allowed to cool down from the transition temperature range to room temperature at a rate at which the mechanical stresses generated by the perforation process relax.
摘要:
The invention relates to a bonding system method and for the fabrication of a bonding system, as well as to a light device formed using the method of the invention. The bonding of the two components which are to be joined, whereby at least one of the two components consists at least partially, preferably completely of glass or glass-ceramics, in other words of a glass-based material, is achieved by way of the following methods on their own merit. Through material sealing when utilizing an inorganic glass-based solder material or through sealing mechanisms without solder material by utilizing tensile stress and/or compressive strain conditions, at least in a high temperature range.
摘要:
A transparent, polycrystalline ceramic is described. The ceramic comprises crystallites of the formula AxCuByDvEzFw, whereby A and C are selected from the group consisting of Li+, Na+, Be2+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, Al3+, Ga3+, In3+, C4+, Si4+, Ge4+, Sn2+/4+, Sc3+, Ti4+, Zn2+, Zr4+, Mo6+, Ru4+, Pd2+, Ag2+, Cd2+, Hf4+, W4+/6+, Re4+, Os4+, Ir4+, Pt2+/4+, Hg2+ and mixtures thereof, B and D are selected from the group consisting of Li+, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Al3+, Ga3+, In3+, Si4+, Ge4+, Sn4+, Sc3+, Ti4+, Zn2+, Y3+, Zr4+, Nb3+, Ru3+, Rh3+, La3+, Lu3+, Gd3+ and mixtures thereof, E and F are selected mainly from the group consisting of the divalent anions of S, Se and O and mixtures thereof, x, u, y, v, z and w satisfy the following formulae 0.125
摘要:
The refractive, transmissive or diffractive optical elements are made from a ceramic containing one or more oxides of the type X2O3, which is transmissive for visible light and/or for infrared radiation and which has a cubic crystal structure analogous to that of Y2O3. In preferred embodiments X is Y, Sc, In, or a lanthanide element, namely La to Lu, and in particular is Lu, Yb, Gd, or La. Also mixtures of oxides of the type X2O3 with oxides having different stoichiometries, such as HfO2 and/or ZrO2, may be present, as long as the cubic structure of the ceramic is maintained.
摘要翻译:折射,透射或衍射光学元件由含有一种或多种X 2 O 3的氧化物的陶瓷制成,该氧化物对于可见光和/或用于红外辐射是透射的,并且具有类似于Y 2 O 3的立方晶体结构。 在优选的实施方案中,X是Y,Sc,In或镧系元素,即La至Lu,特别是Lu,Yb,Gd或La,X2O3的氧化物与不同化学计量的氧化物的混合物,例如 可以存在HfO 2和/或ZrO 2,只要保持陶瓷的立方结构即可。
摘要:
The X-ray opaque glass is characterized by a composition, in mol %, of SiO2, 75-98; Yb2O3, 0.1 to 40; and ZrO2, 0 to 40. Preferred embodiments of the glass are free of Al2O3 and B2O3. The glass is produced from the glass batch by melting at a temperature of at least 1500° C. in an iridium or iridium alloy vessel with the assistance of high-frequency radiation. In preferred embodiments of the glass production process at least one raw material ingredient is present in the batch as a nanoscale powder. The glass is useful in dental applications, optical applications, and biomedical applications, or for photovoltaics, or as a target material in PVD processes.
摘要翻译:X射线不透明玻璃的特征在于以摩尔%计的SiO 2,75-98的组成; Yb2O3,0.1〜40; 和ZrO 2,0至40.玻璃的优选实施方案不含Al 2 O 3和B 2 O 3。 在高频辐射的帮助下,通过在铱或铱合金容器中在至少1500℃的温度下熔融从玻璃批料中制造玻璃。 在玻璃制备方法的优选实施方案中,至少一种原料成分以批量存在于纳米级粉末中。 该玻璃可用于牙科应用,光学应用,生物医学应用,或光伏发电,或作为PVD工艺中的靶材料。
摘要:
A white cold light source uses an LED or a gas discharge lamp and a luminescent rare earth doped glass comprising multiple rare earth cations and a particularly high total rare earth content to generate white light emission. Preferably, the luminescent glass has a 2700K to 7000K black body temperature and color rendering index value exceeding 80. A first embodiment of the glass is composed primarily of P2O5, Al2O3, and alkaline earth and alkali metal oxides, and possesses other properties such as physical and thermal properties that are compatible with conventional melting, forming and other manufacturing steps. Other embodiments of the luminescent glass have a maximum water content of 0.1 wt-% and do not contain any boron. Also the luminescent glass is preferably free of water, boron oxides and nitrides. The luminescent glass can be used as a wavelength converter to produce bright white light emission when pumped by conventional commercially available blue and UV light emitting diode sources.
摘要翻译:白色冷光源使用LED或气体放电灯以及包含多种稀土阳离子和特别高的总稀土含量的发光稀土掺杂玻璃以产生白光发射。 优选地,发光玻璃具有2700K至7000K黑色体温和显色指数值超过80.玻璃的第一实施方案主要由P 2 O 5 O 5组成, Al 2 O 3 O 3和碱土金属和碱金属氧化物,并且具有与常规熔融,成型和其它制造步骤相容的其它性能如物理和热性能。 发光玻璃的其它实施方案的最大含水量为0.1重量%,不含硼。 此外,发光玻璃优选不含水,氧化硼和氮化物。 当通过常规市售的蓝色和UV发光二极管源泵浦时,发光玻璃可用作波长转换器以产生明亮的白色发光。