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    Meso- and microfluidic continuous flow and stopped flow electroösmotic mixer
    1.
    发明授权
    Meso- and microfluidic continuous flow and stopped flow electroösmotic mixer 失效
    介质和微流体连续流动和停止流动电渗流混合器

    公开(公告)号：US06482306B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-11-19

    申请号：US09404454

    申请日：1999-09-22

    申请人： Paul Yager ,  Mark R. Holl ,  Andrew Kamholz ,  Catherine Cabrera ,  Katerina Macounova

    发明人： Paul Yager ,  Mark R. Holl ,  Andrew Kamholz ,  Catherine Cabrera ,  Katerina Macounova

    IPC分类号： B01F1300

    CPC分类号： B01F13/0076 ,  B01F13/0001 ,  B01F13/0005 ,  B01F13/0077 ,  B01L3/5027 ,  Y10T137/2087 ,  Y10T137/2191

    摘要： An electroösmotic mixing device and a method for mixing one or more fluids for use in meso- or microfluidic device applications. The mixing device provides batch or continuous mixing of one or more fluids in meso- or microfluidic channels. An electric field is generated in the channel in substantial contact with chargeable surfaces therein. No alterations of the geometry of existing flow paths need be made, and the degree of mixing in the device can be controlled by the length of the electrodes, the flow rate past the electrodes, and the voltage applied to those electrodes. The degree of mixing is affected by choice of materials for the chargeable surface (in some cases by the selection of materials or coatings for channel walls) and the ionic strength of the fluids and the type and concentration of ions in the fluids. The ionic strength of fluids to be mixed is sufficiently low to allow electroosmotic flow. The method and device of this invention is preferably applied to fluids to having low ionic strength less than or equal to about 1 mM.

    摘要翻译： 一种电渗混合装置和用于混合用于中等或微流体装置应用的一种或多种流体的方法。 混合装置在中等或微流体通道中提供一种或多种流体的间歇或连续混合。 在通道中产生与其中的可充电表面实质接触的电场。 不需要改变现有流路的几何形状，并且可以通过电极的长度，通过电极的流速和施加到这些电极的电压来控制装置中的混合程度。 混合的程度受到可充电表面的材料选择（在某些情况下通过选择通道壁的材料或涂层）以及流体的离子强度以及流体中离子的类型和浓度的影响。 要混合的流体的离子强度足够低以允许电渗流。 本发明的方法和装置优选应用于具有小于或等于约1mM的低离子强度的流体。

    Microscale diffusion immunoassay
    5.
    发明授权
    Microscale diffusion immunoassay 有权
    微尺度扩散免疫测定

    公开(公告)号：US07271007B2

    公开(公告)日：2007-09-18

    申请号：US10368511

    申请日：2003-02-18

    申请人： Bernhard H Weigl ,  Paul Yager ,  Andrew Kamholz ,  Anson Hatch

    发明人： Bernhard H Weigl ,  Paul Yager ,  Andrew Kamholz ,  Anson Hatch

    IPC分类号： G01N35/08 ,  G01N21/00 ,  G01N1/10 ,  G01N33/53 ,  G01N33/533

    CPC分类号： B01F5/0403 ,  B01F13/0059 ,  B01F13/0093 ,  B01J19/0093 ,  B01L3/502776 ,  B01L2200/0636 ,  B01L2300/0816 ,  B01L2300/0864 ,  B01L2400/0487 ,  G01N15/10 ,  G01N15/14 ,  G01N30/0005 ,  G01N30/38 ,  G01N30/6095 ,  G01N30/74 ,  G01N33/558 ,  G01N35/085 ,  Y10T436/117497 ,  Y10T436/118339 ,  Y10T436/25375 ,  Y10T436/2575

    摘要： Methods and apparatuses are provided for determining presence and concentration of analytes by exploiting molecular binding reactions and differential diffusion rates. Analyte particles and binding particles are allowed to diffuse toward each other, and slowing of the diffusion front is detected when they meet. From the position of the diffusion front, presence and concentration of analyte particles can be determined. One embodiment provides a competitive immunoassay in a microfluidic format. This diffusion immunoassay (DIA) relies on measuring the concentration of labeled antigen along one dimension of a microchannel after allowing it to diffuse for a short time into a region containing specific antibodies. A simple microfluidic device, the T-Sensor, was used to implement a DIA to measure the concentration of phenytoin, a small drug molecule. Concentrations of analyte over the range of 50 to 1600 nM can be measured in less than a minute. The assay is homogeneous, rapid, requires only microliter volumes of reagents and sample, and is applicable to a wide range of analytes, including therapeutic drugs, molecular biological markers, and environmental contaminants. Methods for separating particles of similar size in a diffusion separator are also provided.

    摘要翻译： 提供了通过开发分子结合反应和差异扩散速率来确定分析物的存在和浓度的方法和装置。 允许分析物颗粒和结合颗粒彼此扩散，并且当它们相遇时检测到扩散前沿的减慢。 从扩散前沿的位置可以确定分析物颗粒的存在和浓度。 一个实施方案提供了以微流体形式的竞争性免疫测定。 这种扩散免疫测定（DIA）依赖于在允许其在短时间内扩散到含有特异性抗体的区域之后测量沿着微通道的一个维度的标记抗原的浓度。 使用简单的微流体装置T-Sensor来实施DIA来测量苯妥英（一种小药物分子）的浓度。 可以在不到一分钟的时间内测量分析物在50至1600nM范围内的浓度。 该测定是均匀的，快速的，仅需要微量体积的试剂和样品，并且适用于广泛的分析物，包括治疗药物，分子生物标志物和环境污染物。 还提供了在扩散分离器中分离类似尺寸的颗粒的方法。

    Magnetically actuated fluid handling devices for microfluidic applications
    6.
    发明授权
    Magnetically actuated fluid handling devices for microfluidic applications 有权
    用于微流体应用的磁致动流体处理装置

    公开(公告)号：US06415821B2

    公开(公告)日：2002-07-09

    申请号：US09739074

    申请日：2000-12-15

    申请人： Andrew Kamholz ,  Anson Hatch ,  Karl Bohringer ,  Paul Yager

    发明人： Andrew Kamholz ,  Anson Hatch ,  Karl Bohringer ,  Paul Yager

    IPC分类号： F15C104

    CPC分类号： F04F99/00 ,  B01L3/50273 ,  B01L3/502738 ,  B01L3/502784 ,  B01L2200/0673 ,  B01L2300/0816 ,  B01L2300/0861 ,  B01L2300/088 ,  B01L2400/043 ,  B01L2400/0694 ,  F04B17/044 ,  F04B43/046 ,  F16K13/10 ,  F16K31/08 ,  F16K99/0019 ,  F16K99/0046 ,  F16K2099/0084 ,  F16K2099/0094 ,  Y10T137/0318 ,  Y10T137/2191 ,  Y10T137/4643

    摘要： Magnetically actuated fluid handling devices using magnetic fluid to move one or more fluids (gases or liquids or both) through microsized flow channels are provided. Fluid handling devices include micropumps and microvalves. Magnetically actuated slugs of magnetic fluid are moved within microchannels of a microfluidic device to facilitate valving and/or pumping of fluids and no separate pump is required. The magnets used to control fluid movement can be either individual magnets moved along the flow channels or one or more arrays of magnets whose elements can be individually controlled to hold or move a magnetic slug. Fluid handling devices include those having an array of electromagnets positioned along a flow channel which are turned on and off in a predetermined pattern to move magnetic fluid slugs in desired paths in the flow channel. The fluid handling devices of the present invention can handle gases and liquids simultaneously and thus can be made to be self-priming. These devices are more resistant to fluctuations in fluid input than other types of micropumps which need to be tuned to pump either liquid or gas. In a particular embodiment, a micropump having a loop channel containing a stationary magnetic slug and one or more moving slugs is provided.

    摘要翻译： 提供使用磁性流体通过微型流动通道移动一种或多种流体（气体或液体或两者）的磁致动流体处理装置。 流体处理装置包括微型泵和微型阀。 磁性流体的磁力驱动在微流体装置的微通道内移动以便于流体的阀门和/或泵送，并且不需要单独的泵。 用于控制流体运动的磁体可以是沿着流动通道移动的单个磁体或者一个或多个磁体阵列，其元件可以被单独控制以保持或移动磁性块。 流体处理装置包括具有沿着流动通道定位的电磁体阵列的装置，其以预定模式被打开和关闭，以在流动通道中的所需路径中移动磁性流体段塞。 本发明的流体处理装置可以同时处理气体和液体，因此可以进行自吸。 这些装置比其他类型的需要调节以泵送液体或气体的微型泵更能抵抗流体输入的波动。 在特定实施例中，提供了一种具有包含固定磁段和一个或多个移动段的环通道的微型泵。

    Robust system for screening enclosed spaces for biological agents
    10.
    发明申请
    Robust system for screening enclosed spaces for biological agents 审中-公开
    用于生物制剂封闭空间的屏蔽系统

    公开(公告)号：US20060257287A1

    公开(公告)日：2006-11-16

    申请号：US11058442

    申请日：2005-02-15

    申请人： Charles Call ,  Andrew Kamholz ,  Eric Hanczyc

    发明人： Charles Call ,  Andrew Kamholz ,  Eric Hanczyc

    IPC分类号： G01N33/00 ,  G01N7/00 ,  G01N31/00 ,  B32B27/04 ,  B32B27/12 ,  B32B5/02 ,  G01N21/00 ,  G01N27/00

    CPC分类号： G01N1/2211 ,  B01D45/04 ,  G01N1/2208 ,  G01N15/0255 ,  G01N2001/025 ,  G01N2015/0088

    摘要： Items of mail are rapidly processed in a mail sampling system to determine if the mail is contaminated with a chemical or biological agent. The mail sampling system maintains a negative pressure in a containment chamber and includes a triggering sampler that makes a threshold determination regarding possible contamination, and a detecting sampler that obtains a sample for more detailed analysis in response to a signal from the triggering sampler. A sample of particulates collected from an item of mail is either removed for analysis or analyzed in the system to identify a contaminating agent. Optionally, the system includes an archiving sampler, which archives samples for subsequent processing and analysis, and a decontamination system, which is activated to decontaminate the mail if needed.

    摘要翻译： 在邮件采样系统中快速处理邮件，以确定邮件是否被化学或生物制剂污染。 邮件采样系统在容纳室中保持负压，并且包括对可能的污染进行阈值确定的触发采样器，以及响应于来自触发采样器的信号而获得更详细分析的样本的检测采样器。 从邮件项目中收集的颗粒物样本被去除，以便在系统中进行分析或分析，以识别污染物质。 可选地，系统包括归档采样器，其归档用于后续处理和分析的样本，以及净化系统，其被激活以在需要时去除消息。