摘要:
The package size of a diode is made smaller. On the element forming face of a semiconductor substrate having a p−-type conductive type, after a hyper-abrupt p+n+ junction of a p+-type diffusion layer, an n+-type hyper-abrupt layer, an n−-epitaxial layer, an n-type low resistance layer and an n+-type diffusion layer is formed, an anode electrode is formed on the top of the p+-type diffusion layer and a cathode electrode is formed on the top of the n+-type diffusion layer. Thereafter, electrode bumps are formed on the top of the anode electrode and the cathode electrode to thereby manufacture a small diode that can be facedown bonded onto a mounting board.
摘要:
For marking a package efficiently at low cost, there is provided a dicing sheet 25 having transfer patterns 28A, 28B and an alignment mark 31 disposed at predetermined positions on a main surface of a base material 26, and an orientation flat 32 of a semiconductor wafer 1 and the alignment mark 31 are aligned with each other, then the main surface of the dicing sheet with the transfer patterns 28A, 28B and the alignment mark 31 disposed thereon and a back surface of the semiconductor wafer 1 are affixed to each other, and thereafter heat and pressure are applied to a back surface of the dicing sheet 25, thereby allowing the transfer patterns 28A and 28B to be transferred at a time to back surfaces of semiconductor chips from the dicing sheet 25.
摘要:
A manufacturing method of a thin and small-sized semiconductor device, which is integrated into an electronic instrument. A silicon wafer is prepared, and oxide films are formed on the main face and the rear face of the wafer. An insulating film is selectively formed on the main face of the wafer to make through holes. Metal-laminated films are formed on the oxide films on the bottoms of the through holes, and further first and second metal films are formed on the metal-laminated films to form metal pedestals. Next, a semiconductor chip wherein a diode is formed is fixed onto the main face of one of the metal pedestals through one electrode of the chips, and the other electrode is connected to the other of the metal pedestals through an electroconductive wire. Next, the semiconductor chip, the wire and so on are covered with an insulating resin layer, and then the silicon wafer and the oxide film are removed so that the oxide film stuck onto the rear face of the sealant remains. The oxide film on the rear face of the resin layer is etched and removed, and a metal plating film is formed on the surfaces of the metal pedestals exposed to the rear face of the resin layer. The resin layer is then cut lengthwise and breadthwise to manufacture semiconductor devices.
摘要:
A developer comprising at least one carbonate, at least one hydrogen carbonate and at least one alkali silicate, wherein the ratio of the total molar concentration “a” of the carbonate and the hydrogen carbonate to the molar concentration “b” of the SiO2 component present in the alkali silicate: “a/b” ranges from 1:0.3 to 1:2, the total molar concentration of “a” and “b”: “a+b” ranges from 0.1 to 2 mole/L, and the pH value thereof ranges from 9 to 13; and an image-forming method which comprises the steps of imagewise exposing a negative-working image-forming material which comprises a substrate provided thereon with an image-recording layer comprising an infrared light absorber, a polymerization initiator, an ethylenically unsaturated bond-containing monomer and a polymer binder, and then developing the imagewise exposed image-forming material with the foregoing developer.
摘要:
A method for preparing a lithographic printing plate comprising the steps of imagewise exposing, to light, a presensitized plate for use in making a lithographic printing plate, which comprises a grained and anodized substrate provided thereon with a photopolymerizable light-sensitive layer containing a compound having at least one addition-polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated double bond and a titanocene type initiator; and then developing the light-exposed presensitized plate using a developer which comprises a surfactant and a weak acid or a salt thereof having a dissociation constant pka ranging from 10 to 13, and has a pH value ranging from 11.5 to 12.8. The method exhibits excellent development performance, and gives good results to the resultant printing plate in terms of printing durability and scumming. In addition, the change in pH value of the developer is so small that the stable development can be ensured for a long period of time.
摘要:
A silver halide light-sensitive material comprises a support, a hardening layer and a light-sensitive layer. The hardening layer contains an ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable compound or an ethylenically unsaturated cross-linkable polymer. The light-sensitive layer contains silver halide and a hydrophilic polymer. The hardening layer or the light-sensitive layer contains a reducing agent. An adhesive layer or the light-sensitive layer contains a water-soluble synthetic polymer. The adhesive layer is provided between the hardening layer and the light-sensitive layer. The water-soluble synthetic polymer comprises a repeating unit represented by the formula (I) in an amount of at least 50 mol %: ##STR1## in which each of n1 and n2 is an integer of 10 to 5,000; each of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is hydrogen, an alkyl group or an aryl group; X is --O--R.sup.4 --O-- or --NR.sup.5 --; R.sup.4 is an alkylene group, an alkyleneoxyalkylene group, an arylene group or an aralkylene group; R.sup.5 is an alkyl group or an aryl group; Y.sup.1 is --CO-- or --CONH--; Y.sup.2 is --CO-- or --NHCO--; and R.sup.3 is an alkylene group, an alkenylene group, an arylene group or an aralkylene group.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a method for forming images which comprises imagewise exposing a photopolymerizable image-forming material comprising a substrate provided thereon with an image-recording layer which comprises a specific photopolymerization initiator system, a polymerizable compound carrying at least one ethylenically unsaturated group and a binder polymer and then developing the imagewise exposed material with a developer containing at least one carbonate and at least one hydrogen carbonate and a specific surfactant in an amount ranging from 1.0 to 10% by weight, and having a specific pH and a specific electrical conductivity. The image-forming method permits the achievement of a sufficient developing ability even at a relatively low pH at which the image-forming material is not damaged so much and the preparation of a printing plate having good printing durability.
摘要:
The present invention provides a developer comprising at least one carbonate, at least one hydrogen carbonate and at least one alkali silicate, wherein the ratio of the total molar concentration “a” of the carbonate and the hydrogen carbonate to the molar concentration “b” of the SiO2 component present in the alkali silicate: “a/b” ranges from 1:0.3 to 1:2, the total molar concentration of “a” and “b”:“a+b” ranges from 0.1 to 2 mole/L, and the pH value thereof ranges from 9 to 13; and an image-forming method which comprises the steps of imagewise exposing a negative-working image-forming material which comprises a substrate provided thereon with an image-recording layer comprising an infrared light absorber, a polymerization initiator, an ethylenically unsaturated bond-containing monomer and a polymer binder, and then developing the imagewise exposed image-forming material with the foregoing developer. The developer and image-forming method can ensure sufficient developing properties or a satisfactory developing ability at a low pH wherein the image-forming material is hardly damaged. Accordingly, they permit the simultaneous achievement of good printing durability and a good developing ability of an image-forming material. Further, the developing activity of the developer is not hardly reduced due to the action of carbon dioxide and therefore, it does not suffer from a problem originated from the scum formed during development.
摘要:
A plate-making method of a lithographic printing plate is disclosed, which comprises the steps of exposure of a photo-sensitive lithographic printing plate having the acid value of a photosensitive layer of 1.0 meq/g or less with a laser beam, and then development with a developing solution having a pH value of 13.0 or less at a developing speed in an unexposed domain of 0.05 &mgr;m/s or more and at an osmotic speed of a developing solution in an exposed domain of 0.1 &mgr;m/s or less.
摘要:
An image-forming member excellent in the developing ability and printing durability can be obtained and images can be formed without being accompanied by any accumulation of scum in a developing bath used, by developing an image-forming material, in particular, a negative-working image-forming material which comprises a substrate provided thereon with an image-recording layer comprising an infrared light absorber, a polymerization initiator, an ethylenically unsaturated bond-containing monomer and a binder polymer, using a developer which comprises at least one carbonate and at least one hydrogen carbonate, and at least one surfactant selected from the group consisting of nonionic aromatic ether type surfactants represented by the following general formula (1): X—Y—O-(A)n-(B)m—H (wherein X represents an aromatic group; Y represents a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; A and B represent groups different from one another and each represents either —CH2CH2O— or —CH2CH(CH3)O—; m and n are 0 or an integer ranging from 1 to 100, respectively, provided that n and m cannot simultaneously represent 0 and that when either n or m is 0, n and m cannot represent 1) and anionic surfactants in an amount ranging from 1.0 to 10% by weight; and which has a pH value ranging from 8.5 to 11.5 and an electrical conductivity x falling within the range: 30