摘要:
A semiconductor device includes an interlayer insulation film, an underlying line provided in the interlayer insulation film, a liner film overlying the interlayer insulation film, an interlayer insulation film overlying the liner film. The underlying line has a lower hole and the liner film and the interlayer insulation film have an upper hole communicating with the lower hole, and the lower hole is larger in diameter than the upper hole. The semiconductor device further includes a conductive film provided at an internal wall surface of the lower hole, a barrier metal provided along an internal wall surface of the upper hole, and a Cu film filling the upper and lower holes. The conductive film contains a substance identical to a substance of the barrier metal. A highly reliable semiconductor device can thus be obtained.
摘要:
The present invention provides a hepatitis C virus gene, a replicon RNA derived from the gene, a replicon-replicating cell into which the replicon RNA is introduced, and a method for screening a drug using the replicon-replicating cell. By introducing a replicon RNA comprising (A) a polynucleotide having the nucleic acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 5; (B) a polynucleotide having the nucleic acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 7; (C) a polynucleotide coding for a polypeptide having the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 6; (D) a polynucleotide coding for a polypeptide having the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 8; or (E) a polynucleotide having a nucleic acid sequence having a homology of not less than 90% with the nucleic acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 5 or SEQ ID NO: 7; or a replicon RNA of the genotype 1b comprising nucleotides coding for the 1804th amino acid leucine and the 1966th amino acid lysine in the amino acid sequence of a hepatitis C virus polyprotein and a polynucleotide coding for an NS4B protein, into a cell, the replicon-replicating cell can be prepared. By using the replicon-replicating cell, the screening for the drug can be carried out.
摘要翻译:本发明提供丙型肝炎病毒基因,来源于该基因的复制子RNA,引入复制子RNA的复制子复制细胞和使用复制子复制细胞筛选药物的方法。 通过引入包含(A)具有SEQ ID NO:5所示核酸序列的多核苷酸的复制子RNA; (B)具有SEQ ID NO:7所示核酸序列的多核苷酸; (C)编码具有SEQ ID NO:6所示氨基酸序列的多肽的多核苷酸; (D)编码具有SEQ ID NO:8所示氨基酸序列的多肽的多核苷酸; 或(E)具有与SEQ ID NO:5或SEQ ID NO:7所示核酸序列同源性不低于90%的核酸序列的多核苷酸; 或基因型1b的复制子RNA,其包含编码丙型肝炎病毒多蛋白的氨基酸序列中的第1804位氨基酸亮氨酸和第1966位氨基酸赖氨酸的核苷酸和编码NS4B蛋白的多核苷酸的复制子RNA, 可以制备复制细胞。 通过使用复制子复制细胞,可以进行药物的筛选。
摘要:
A vinyl-compound-based resin composition containing a terminal vinyl compound (a) of a bifunctional phenylene ether oligomer having a polyphenylene ether skeleton, a specific maleimide compound (b), a naphthol aralkyl type cyanate ester resin (c) and a naphthalene-skeleton-modified novolak type epoxy resin (d) for a high-multilayer and high-frequency printed wiring board, which resin composition is excellent in varnish shelf life at low temperature and does not show a decrease in multilayer moldability, heat resistance after moisture absorption, electrical characteristics and peel strength even in a winter period and for a long period of time, and a prepreg, a metal-foil-clad laminate and a resin sheet each of which uses the above resin composition.
摘要:
An object is to reduce inter-carrier interference caused by frequency fluctuations, amplitude fluctuations, phase fluctuations, or the like without reducing a transmission efficiency. On a receiving end, a canceling filter section (223) is provided, alleviating the inter-carrier interference caused by the frequency fluctuations, the amplitude fluctuations, the phase fluctuations, or the like through filtering processing. On a transmitting end, a precoding section (211) is provided, facilitating determination of demodulation data in a vector demodulation section (224) on the receiving end through precoding processing. Or on the receiving end, a trellis decoding section (225) is provided, decoding the demodulation data through trellis decoding processing.
摘要:
An inkjet recording apparatus includes: an ink holding chamber having a through hole to jet ink, and holding the ink; and a head unit jetting the ink held in the ink holding chamber from the through hole. The head unit includes an ultrasonic wave generation member, an ultrasonic wave focusing member focusing the ultrasonic waves generated at the ultrasonic wave generation member in a vicinity of the through hole, an ultrasonic wave propagation portion propagateting the ultrasonic waves leaving the ultrasonic wave focusing member, and a container portion containing the ultrasonic wave generation member, the ultrasonic wave focusing member, and the ultrasonic wave propagation portion.
摘要:
A visual ability improvement supporting device includes a noise outputting device and a noise generating device. The noise generating device generates noise with intensity which is optimum to a threshold intensity of visibility. The optimum intensity is optimum to induce stochastic resonance (SR). The noise outputting device includes a room lighting device, which illuminates a surrounding area when a lighting switch is turned on, and outputs the visual noise according to the generated noise even when the lighting switch is turned off not to illuminate the surrounding area.
摘要:
The present invention is to provide an industrially advantageous method for producing an amino acid derivative. Provided is a method for producing an amino acid derivative including contacting a microorganism and/or an enzyme with a hydroxyimino acid represented by the following general formula (I): wherein R1 represents an optionally substituted predetermined hydrocarbon group; R2 represents a C1 to C3 alkyl group or a hydrogen atom; and n is 0 or 1, to produce an amino acid derivative represented by the following general formula (III): wherein R1 and n have the same meanings as those of R1 and n in the general formula (I), wherein the microorganism and/or the enzyme is capable of catalyzing the reaction.
摘要翻译:本发明提供一种工业上有利的氨基酸衍生物的制备方法。 本发明提供一种氨基酸衍生物的制造方法,其包括使微生物和/或酶与下述通式(I)表示的羟基亚氨酸接触:其中R 1表示任选取代的预定烃基 ; R 2表示C1〜C3烷基或氢原子; 并且n为0或1,以产生由以下通式(III)表示的氨基酸衍生物:其中R 1和n与R 1的那些具有相同的含义。 和通式(I)中的n,其中微生物和/或酶能够催化该反应。
摘要:
The present invention relates to processes of producing glutamic acid compounds, for example, monatin, which are useful as, for example, production intermediates for sweetener or pharmaceutical products.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a method for producing optically active IHOG, which can in turn be used for the production of monatin. The present invention further relates to a method for producing optically active monatin, and aldolase used for these methods. As such, the present invention enables the synthesis of 4-(Indole-3-ylmethyl)-4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutaric acid with high optical purity, which is useful as an intermediate in the synthesis of optically active monatin, from indole pyruvic acid and pyruvic acid (or oxaloacetic acid).
摘要:
The present invention relates to processes of producing glutamic acid compounds, for example, monatin, which are useful as, for example, production intermediates for sweetener or pharmaceutical products.