摘要:
An optical information recording medium having a drawing region capable of being used without being reversed and without interference with a data recording region is disclosed. The optical information recording medium has a structure in which a recording layer, a semitransparent reflective layer, a discoloration layer, and a protective layer are is formed in order on a first light-transmitting substrate so that the discoloration layer is irradiated with a laser beam to change the optical property of the discoloration layer. For example, interaction between a colorant and a developer in the discoloration layer which assumes a black color is eliminated to cause the color to disappear, thereby forming an image.
摘要:
A fuel vapor storage canister for an automotive vehicle, includes a casing formed thereinside with charge, purge and drain ports connected to a gas passage. First, second, third and fourth adsorption layers are disposed in the gas passage and arranged in order of first, second, third and forth adsorption layers from side of the charge port along a longitudinal direction of the gas passage. Each adsorption layer includes a fuel vapor adsorbent. Additionally, a first space section is formed between the first and second adsorption layers. A second space section is formed between the second and third adsorption sections. A third space section is formed between the third and fourth adsorption sections. Each space section has a width in the longitudinal direction of the gas passage.
摘要:
At the preceding stage of a first one of two APP decoders that constitute a turbo decoder, there is provided a logarithmic-likelihood computing circuit that creates and outputs logarithmic likelihoods L(y′i|yi) of a reproduced signal y′i which is soft information. The first APP decoder has an APP decoding function of receiving logarithmic likelihoods L(y′i|yi) of the reproduced signal yi as well as a priori information as to code data c′i, updating the code data c′i and producing outputs of a posteriori probabilities according to trellis diagram information that satisfy constraints concerning an RLL modulation. Turbo decoding becomes compatible with the RLL demodulation, and a turbo decoding with high error-correcting capability is usable in reproducing channel data ai recorded onto a recording medium, which allows a recording density of the recording medium to be increased.
摘要翻译:在构成turbo解码器的两个APP解码器中的第一个的前一阶段,提供了一个对数似然计算电路,其创建并输出对数似然度L(y' 作为软信息的再现信号y'i i i i i i i i i i i i i 第一APP解码器具有APP再现功能,该功能将再现信号y i i i i的对数似然度L(y i i i i y y i i i) 以及作为代码数据c'的先验信息,更新代码数据c',并根据满足以下条件的约束的格状图信息产生后验概率的输出 RLL调制。 Turbo解码与RLL解调兼容,并且具有高纠错能力的turbo解码可用于再现记录在记录介质上的信道数据,其允许记录介质的记录密度 增加。
摘要:
An optical recording/reproducing apparatus is intended for a recording medium having at least two information recording layers. The apparatus has at least two lenses, a first lens and a second lens, for condensing a light beam to irradiate an information recording layer. The at least two lenses are designed such that a light beam condensed by these lenses upon an information recording layer closest to these lenses has a minimum spherical aberration.
摘要:
On a processed substrate having an engraved region as a depressed portion formed thereon, a nitride semiconductor thin film is laid. The sectional area occupied by the nitride semiconductor thin film filling the depressed portion is 0.8 times the sectional area of the depressed portion or less.
摘要:
A fuel vapor treatment device for suppressing emission of fuel vapor from a fuel tank or the like of an automotive vehicle. The fuel vapor treatment device comprises a casing having a charge port connected to a fuel tank, a purge port connected to an intake section of an engine, and an atmospheric air port through which atmospheric air is introduced. Fuel vapor adsorbing material is filled in the casing. Additionally, an adsorbing material cartridge is disposed in a part of the casing and includes a cylindrical cartridge main body section having a cross-sectional area smaller than that of the casing. Fuel vapor adsorbing material is filled in the cartridge main body section. Air introduced from the atmospheric air port is flowable through the inside of the cartridge main body section to the fuel vapor adsorbing material in the casing.
摘要:
A nitride-based semiconductor light-emitting device includes a GaN-based substrate and a semiconductor stacked-layer structure including a plurality of nitride-based semiconductor layers grown on the GaN-based substrate by vapor deposition. The GaN-based substrate has an interface region contacting the semiconductor stacked-layer structure and the interface region contains oxygen atoms of concentration n in the range of 2×1016≦n≦1022 cm−3.
摘要:
A drive control apparatus and method drives an AC motor by applying a rectangular wave voltage thereto. The apparatus estimates the torque of a rotor of the AC motor, and detects a torque deviation which is the difference between the estimated torque and a required torque of the motor. A controller controls a state of the rectangular wave voltage applied to the AC motor, through torque feedback control based on the torque deviation, so that the torque approaches the torque command value. The controller detects a current rotation speed of the motor, and switches, in a predetermined order, a plurality of predetermined rectangular wave voltage states corresponding to different phase values of the rectangular wave voltage. The switching timing of the rectangular wave voltage states is set to a timing that deviates from a reference timing determined based on the current rotation speed, by a length of time corresponding to the torque deviation.
摘要:
In an optical pickup device, an objective lens unit includes a first lens, a second lens for converging a light beam which passed through the first lens on an information recording layer of a recording medium, and a second-lens-driving-use actuator for adjusting the distance between the first and second lenses. The second lens has a reflecting section for reflecting an outer part of the light beam which passed through the first lens and reached the second lens. Moreover, the optical pickup device includes a condenser lens, a cylindrical lens and a light receiving element for detecting a reflected light beam reflected by the reflecting section, and a control device for detecting the distance between the first and second lenses according to the result of detection and for controlling the second-lens-driving-use actuator according to the result of detection. With this structure, the occurrence of spherical aberration due to an error in the thickness of a cover glass of the recording medium and variations in the thickness of the objective lens is limited.
摘要:
The object of the present invention is to carry out control and enable an engine to output a desired power, thereby preventing unexpected charge or discharge of storage battery means. A power output apparatus of the present invention sets energy Pe to be output from an engine, in order to cancel a deviation .DELTA.Pb of a charge-discharge electric power Pb of a battery from its target value Pb* , and controls operation of the engine to output the energy Pe. The energy Pe output from the engine is subjected to torque conversion by means of a clutch motor and an assist motor and output to a drive shaft as a required power. In case that the converted energy is not equal to the required power, the battery is charged with the surplus electric power or is discharged to supplement the shortage of electric power. Namely regulation of the energy Pe results in controlling the charge-discharge electric power Pb of the battery. When the target value Pb* is set equal to zero, the power output apparatus enables a desired power to be output to the drive shaft without causing unexpected charge or discharge of the battery.