摘要:
Disclosed is a Lewis acid catalyst composition comprising a specific mixed medium and a Lewis acid catalyst (II), wherein the specific mixed medium is mixed medium (I) comprising a perfluorinated aliphatic hydrocarbon (A) and at least one non-fluorinated hydrocarbon or a mixed medium (I′) comprising a perfluorinated aliphatic hydrocarbon (A), a perfluorinated aromatic hydrocarbon (C) and water (D), and wherein the Lewis acid catalyst (II) is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of compounds respectively represented by the following formulae (1), (2) and (3): (RfSO3)nM (1), [(RfSO2)2N]nM (2), and [(RfSO2)3C]nM (3). Also disclosed is a Lewis acid catalyst represented by the above-mentioned formula (3).
摘要:
Compounds are used as catalysts according to general formula (1) M+x(C(SO2CF3)3)x, whereby x is equal to 1 or 2; M represents one hydrogen or alkaline metal atom when x equals 1; and M represents one alkaline-earth metal atom when x equals 2. The invention also relates to a novel Mg compound of formula (1).
摘要:
Grafting a polymer at the surface of a carbonated material containing carboxyl amine and/or hydroxyl functions at its surface. This material is suspended in a solution comprising the polymer to be grafted, which includes a carboxyl amine and/or hydroxyl function, the solution also comprising a solvent of the polymer. This is followed by a treatment causing dehydration into a carboxyl function, an amide and/or hydroxyl function and the polymer is thus grafted on the carbonated material by means of ester or amide bonds. Utilization in the cathode or anode of an electrochemical generator, in a polymer material with low polarity, in an ink, and as a conductive deposit on flexible plastic used as electrical contact, electromagnetic protection and antistatic protection.
摘要:
A process for preparing articles having a fluorocarbonsulfonic ionomer layer, such as membranes and catalysts, is disclosed wherein the fluorocarbonsulfonic ionomer is deposited upon support using an new annealing process. The annealing process of the present invention includes the step of heating a fluorocarbonsulfonic ionomer coated substrate in the presence of a vaporous solvent. This process provides for fluorocarbonsulfonic ionomer coated articles which can be annealed quickly at temperatures below the degradation point of many desirable support materials.
摘要:
A process for the recovery of an acid in its anhydrous form from an aqueous solution containing the acid in its hydrated form. Adding to the solution a weak base in the form of a soluble salt of the acid and concentrating the solution containing the acid hydrate and the salt of the acid to a substantially water-free, acid-salt mixture. The acid is distilled off in its anhydrous form from the acid salt mixture.
摘要:
Disclosed is a process for removing acid soluble oils, produced as an undesirable by-product of an acid catalyzed alkylation reaction, from a mixture containing a strong acid and methanesulfonic acid. The process includes the use of water to induce the formation of the two immiscible liquid phases of ASO and methanesulfonic acid with water. The two immiscible phases can subsequently be separated from each other.
摘要:
A method of preparing fluorine-containing ethane derivatives using a catalyst mixture which comprises a metal halide and a sulfonic acid derivative is described. The method is particularly well suited for preparing CF.sub.3 CHCl.sub.2 (R123) from perchloroethylene and for preparing CF.sub.3 CH.sub.2 F (R134a) from trifluoroethylene.
摘要:
A method of regenerating a deactivated fluorocarbonsulfonic acid polymer catalyst by contacting the deactivated catalyst with a solvent combination wherein a first solvent swells the structure of the polymer and the other acts as a diluent to modify the swelling action of the first. The combination dissolves the deactivating components.
摘要:
The present invention relates to supported superacidic catalysts comprising C.sub.4 -C.sub.18, preferentially C.sub.6 to C.sub.12, perfluorinated alkanesulfonic acid absorbed on suitable supports, such as fluorinated alumina, alumina silica and other chalcides having bonded thereto subsequently a Lewis acid compound selected from the higher valency fluorides of the elements of Groups IIA, IIIA, IVB, VA or VIB of the Periodic Table. The invention includes a process for catalytic transformation of hydrocarbons.
摘要:
Natural gasoline of low octane value derived from natural gas is upgraded to higher octane value by means of catalyst consisting essentially of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid at temperatures between about 80.degree. C. and about 120.degree. C., and preferably between about 100.degree. C. and about 120.degree. C.