摘要:
Phase masks which can be used to make both linear and curved gratings of single or multiple submicron pitches, with or without any abrupt quarter-wavelength shifts (or gradually varying finer phase shifts) simultaneously on the wafer/substrate. The phase masks are made using direct write electron or ion-beam lithography of two times the required submicron pitches of linear and curved gratings on commercially available null phase-shifting material on a quartz substrate and wet or dry etching of the null phase-shifting material. The phase masks can be used in connection with making multi-wavelength laser diode chips. The laser diodes have a ridge structure with metal shoulders on either side of the ridge. The laser diode chip, with different wavelength lasers, is bonded and interfaced to a novel microwave substrate that allows for high signal-to-noise ratio and low crosstalk. The substrate is packaged in a low loss rugged housing for WDM applications.
摘要:
A laser diode module is provided which is capable of suppressing reduction in the efficiency of laser beam coupling with an optical fiber even in the case where a warp is caused in the mounting surface of a thermo electrical cooler on which a laser diode chip is mounted. A laser diode module has a heat sink and optical coupling portion mounted directly or indirectly on a mounting surface of a thermo electrical cooler. A laser diode chip and the optical coupling portion are located on the same side of the mounting surface along the emitting direction of a laser beam emitted from the laser diode chip, with respect to a first center line (Lcpp) intersecting perpendicularly with a tangential plane tangent to the mounting surface of the thermo electrical cooler at the center thereof and/or a second center line passing through the center of the mounting surface of the thermo electrical cooler and perpendicular to both the first center line and an axis representative of the emitting direction of the laser beam.
摘要:
The electro-optic apparatus includes a primary heat sink and at least one submount mounted to the heat sink. The electro-optic apparatus also includes a pump source, such as a laser diode, mounted to a sidewall of the at least one submount. A secondary heat sink is also mounted to the at least one submount with an active gain medium mounted, in turn, to the secondary heat sink. Typically, the active gain medium is part of a microlaser that also includes a passive Q-switch. The active gain medium is mounted to the secondary heat sink such that the active gain medium extends in a cantilevered fashion from the secondary heat so as to overlie the pump source such that the output of the pump source pumps the active gain medium. By adjusting the position of the secondary heat sink to the at least one submount, the spacing between the pump source and the active gain medium can be precisely controlled, thereby also controlling the characteristics, such as the frequency, of the output signals emitted by the electro-optic apparatus. Advantageously, the at least one submount includes first and second submounts, both of which are mounted to the primary heat sink in a spaced apart relationship. By mounting the pump source and the active gain medium to different submounts, the electro-optic apparatus can more efficiently dissipate the heat generated during operation since separate thermal paths are established for the heat generated by the pump source and the active gain medium.
摘要:
A laser device including a wavelength converter of internal resonator type comprises a laser diode 20 for excitation, a light emission section 22 as a solid laser medium excited by the laser 20 and a wavelength converter 23 for converting the wavelength of the laser light from the excited solid laser. The solid laser medium of the light emission section 22 comprises a semiconductor crystal of GaAs, AlGaAs or GaAs-AlGaAs. A second harmonic wave light of a fundamental wave of 0.8 .mu.m band can be easily generated by using a solid laser medium such as a GaAs crystal, an AlGaAs crystal or a superlattice crystal thereof.
摘要:
Integrated single-mode isolator waveguide having a heating means (3) making it possible to increase the efficiency of the isolator (1). The invention also provides for an intermediate layer (5) located between the guide layer (1) and the substrate (2). Application: coupling of laser diodes to operation circuits.
摘要:
In a photoelectric device, particularly, a photoelectric device for optical communication, an optical fiber is fixed at two fixing points so that the extremity of the optical fiber is disposed opposite to the light emitting surface of a laser diode chip and the optical fiber extends in a nonlinear shape, for example, in a moderate curve, between the two fixing points. Even though holding members fixedly holding the optical fiber at the two fixing points and a base member supporting the holding members are formed of a metal or metals having a coefficient of thermal expansion far greater than that of the optical fiber, and even if the distance between the two fixing points is varied due to the thermal expansion or contraction of the holding members and the base member, the optical fiber is obliged only to change the shape of extension. Therefore, the optical fiber and the solder fixing the optical fiber to the holding members at the two fixing points are not subjected to repeated stress, and hence the fatigue of the optical fiber and the solder is avoided. Accordingly, the photoelectric device is able to continue stable optical communication regardless of temperature variation.
摘要:
A known electro-optic has a semiconductor laser, a temperature sensor for controlling an electrically operated cooler, and an optical fiber end portion anchored close to the laser to receive light from it. Usually the fiber is anchored by a mass of cured epoxy. This invention proposes anchoring the fiber in a mass of fusible alloy which is melted and solidified using a Peltier effect device which is driven with one polarity current to function as a heater and with a reverse polarity current to function as a cooler. Once the package is complete and the laser is operating, the temperature sensor together with the Peltier effect device functioning as a cooler are used to cool the laser.
摘要:
Semiconductor laser apparatus wherein a semiconductor laser device and a temperature sensor for sensing the temperature of the laser device are mounted on a heat sink or base and airtightly encapsulated. In one embodiment the heat sink or base is mounted on temperature control apparatus which in turn is electrically controlled in response to the output from the temperature sensor. In another embodiment, a laser beam intensity sensor whose output varies over a wide range depending upon an environmental temperature is also temperature controlled so that the semiconductor laser apparatus may be controlled with a higher degree of accuracy.
摘要:
An optical module with a semiconductor element, which integrates a semiconductor laser diode with an electro-absorption modulator, mounted on a carrier; and an optical transmitter apparatus implementing the optical modules are disclosed. The carrier of the optical module has a back metal connected to the ground on the top thereof through a metal provided in a side surface of the carrier but electrically isolated from the chassis ground of the optical transmitter apparatus. The optical transmitter apparatus installs a plurality of the optical modules on a thermos-electric cooler (TEC) in a top plate thereof. The top plate is electrically isolated from the chassis ground.
摘要:
An optical module that provides a feedthrough to carry an electrical signal output from and/or provided to a semiconductor optical device is disclosed. The feedthrough has a signal pad that carries the electrical signal thereon and at least two ground pads sandwiching the signal pad therebetween. The feedthrough further provides a cavity provided under the signal pad and spaces each between the signal pad and the ground pads.