摘要:
To provide a method of processing a sapphire substrate, where reduction in luminance of light emitting devices can be suppressed if a sapphire substrate is divided into individual light emitting devices by irradiation of a laser beam, a pulsed laser beam having a small pulse energy of 0.6 μJ to 10 μJ, and an extremely small pulse width in a range of femto-second is irradiated to the sapphire substrate while a condensing point is positioned within each of regions corresponding to predetermined division lines on the sapphire substrate so that affected zones are formed, thereby the laser beam can be irradiated even at a high peak power density of 4×1013 W/cm2 to 5×1015 W/cm2, consequently each of the affected zones can be formed at only a desired condensing point within the sapphire substrate, and necessary processing can be performed while damage to nitride semiconductors or the sapphire substrate is minimized.
摘要翻译:为了提供一种处理蓝宝石衬底的方法,其中如果通过激光束的照射将蓝宝石衬底分成单独的发光器件,则可以抑制发光器件的亮度降低,脉冲能量为0.6的脉冲激光束 在蓝宝石衬底上照射到毫微微秒范围内的非常小的脉冲宽度,同时聚光点位于与蓝宝石衬底上的预定划分线对应的每个区域内,形成影响区域, 从而激光束即使在4×10 13 W / cm 2至高达5×10 15 W / cm 2的高峰值功率密度下也能够照射 > 2 SUP>,因此每个受影响的区域可以仅形成在蓝宝石衬底内的期望的凝聚点处,并且可以执行必要的处理,同时对氮化物半导体或蓝宝石衬底的损伤最小化。
摘要:
The present invention provides a high-reliability IGBT drive device that is capable of avoiding an accident such as an upper/lower arm short circuit when a malfunction occurs due to a potential change at a connection point between series-connected IGBTs. High- and low-voltage side IGBTs are complementarily ON/OFF controlled before and after dead time. A reset pulse that turns OFF the high-voltage side IGBT is generated during the dead time as described in the following example. The reset pulse is generated (1) immediately before an ON instruction for the low-voltage side IGBT, (2) in such a manner as to have a period that begins immediately before the ON instruction for the low-voltage side IGBT and overlaps with the ON instruction, (3) continuously during the dead time, (4) continuously during dead time immediately before the low-voltage side IGBT turns ON, or (5) in such a manner as to invalidate the ON instruction for the low-voltage side IGBT when an ON state of the high-voltage side IGBT is observed.
摘要:
A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate in which an integrated circuit is formed and which includes interconnects and electrodes, the interconnects electrically connected with the semiconductor substrate, and the electrodes being formed on the interconnects; a resin layer formed on the semiconductor substrate; redistribution interconnects electrically connected with the electrodes; a plurality of external terminals which are formed on the redistribution interconnects and supported by the resin layer; and a plurality of dummy terminals supported by the resin layer without being electrically connected with the electrodes.
摘要:
A loop track for racing objects is disposed at the center of a race game device, for example for a simulated horse race. A plurality of racing objects, such as race horses, run on the track. The X- and Y-directional positions of the race horses are detected by a separable position detecting means underlying the track. The separable position detecting means allows for easier maintenance, transport, assembly, and disassembly of the device. Information regarding the positions of the horses is displayed on a game screen. Players can write memos to themselves on individual game screens by pressing a trace over the game information on the game screen. A control unit provides game information corresponding to other races other than a current race, including future races, and players may select information corresponding to future races on the individual game screen.
摘要:
A steel wire of pearlite structure containing 0.8-1.0 mass % of C and 0.8-1.5 mass % of Si is disclosed. In the cross section of the steel wire the difference in average hardness between a region up to 100 μm from the surface thereof and a deeper region is within 50 in micro-Vickers hardness. The steel wire is manufactured by working a wire rod having the abovementioned chemical composition through shaving, patenting and drawing processes, then strain-relief annealing the resultant wire, and thereafter subjecting the thus annealed to a shot peening process. The steel wire has a high heat resistance and a high fatigue strength, and can be produced through a drawing process without applying a quenching and tempering process.
摘要:
A tumor marker comprising diacetylspermine, and a method of evaluating the state of a tumor, comprising reacting an antibody to diacetylspermine with a biological sample to thereby detect diacetylspermine and evaluating the state of the tumor using the obtained detection results as an indicator.
摘要:
A process cartridge detachably mountable to a main assembly of an electrophotographic image forming apparatus including an electrophotographic photosensitive drum, a process device actable on the drum, a cartridge positioning portion for engaging a main assembly positioning portion to position the cartridge with respect to a direction crossing the direction of the axis of the drum when the cartridge is mounted to the main assembly in a direction parallel with the axis of the photosensitive drum, and a movable member movable between a first position contacting the main assembly in the process of mounting of the cartridge to the main assembly, and a second position contacting a main assembly urging member and receiving a force in the crossing direction to contact the cartridge positioning portion to the main assembly positioning portion to position the cartridge in the crossing direction, when the cartridge is mounted to the main assembly.
摘要:
Systems, methods, and programs for rotating font data may store font data and a plurality of conversion tables, each conversion table corresponding to a preset rotational angle. The systems, methods, and programs may select one of the conversion tables in accordance with a required angle and may rotating the font data based on the selected conversion table. The systems, methods, and programs may further store map data. The systems, methods, and programs may generate name designations of display objects included in the map data in accordance with an arrangement of the display objects on a map and may determine the required angle in accordance with the arrangement of the display objects on the map. The systems, methods, and programs may rotate characters of the generated name designations according to the required angle to create rotated name designations and may display the map data including the rotated name designations.
摘要:
A high-pressure composite pipe includes a pipe-shaped inner layer made of a synthetic resin, and a reinforcing layer made of a stretched polyolefin resin sheet and wound on an external circumferential surface of the inner layer, with a winding direction of the reinforcing layer being oriented at a predetermined angle relative to an axis of the pipe, and a method for joining high-pressure composite pipes each including a pipe-shaped inner layer made of a synthetic resin, a reinforcing layer made of a stretched polyolefin resin sheet and wound on an external circumferential surface of the inner layer, and an outer layer made of a synthetic resin and laminated on the reinforcing layer. A method for joining high-pressure composite pipes includes the steps of: heating and melting an end of each high-pressure composite pipe, flaring the melted end of each high-pressure composite pipe, with a diameter thereof gradually enlarging toward an end face thereof, and butting the flared ends of both flared high-pressure composite pipes together and fusing internal circumferential surfaces of their inner layers, with their reinforcing layers being turned outwardly.
摘要:
A developing cartridge is detachably mountable to a main assembly of an electrophotographic image forming apparatus. The apparatus includes: a frame; a developing device for developing an electrostatic latent image formed on an electrophotographic photosensitive member; a first projected portion engaging a first positioning portion provided in the main assembly of the apparatus when the cartridge is mounted to the main assembly to position the cartridge; a second projected portion engaging a second positioning portion provided in the main assembly when the cartridge is mounted to the main assembly to regulate rotation of the cartridge about the first positioning portion; and a cartridge guide member contacting a main assembly guide portion to guide the cartridge when the cartridge is mounted to the main assembly. The second projected portion is urged in a direction to contact the second positioning portion when the cartridge is set in the main assembly.