摘要:
Inorganic material having at least two elementary spherical particles, each of said spherical metallic particles: a polyoxometallate with formula (XxMmOyHh)q−, where H is hydrogen, O is oxygen, X is phosphorus, silicon, boron, nickel or cobalt and M is one or more vanadium, niobium, tantalum, molybdenum, tungsten, iron, copper, zinc, cobalt and nickel, x is 0, 1, 2 or 4, m is 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 or 18, y is 17 to 72, h is 0 to 12 and q is 1 to 20.
摘要:
For the production of gasoline with a low sulfur content, a process comprises at least one stage for transformation of sulfur-containing compounds consisting of an alkylation or adsorption of sulfur-containing compounds and/or an increasing of the weight of light sulfur-containing compounds, at least one stage for treatment in the presence of an acid catalyst and at least one desulfurization treatment of at least a portion of the gasoline. The process can also optionally comprise at least one stage for selective hydrogenation of diolefins and optionally at least one fractionation of the gasoline that is obtained into at least two fractions: light gasoline and heavy gasoline.
摘要:
A process for hydrodesulphurizing gasoline cuts is carried out in the presence of a catalyst comprising at least one group VIII element, at least one group VIB element, and a support with a specific surface area of less than about 200 m2/g, wherein the density of the group VIB elements per unit surface area of the support is in the range 4×10−4 to 36×10−4 g of group VIB element oxides per m2 of the support.
摘要:
Process for recovery of hydrogen in an effluent that is rich in hydrocarbons and that also contains hydrogen and a light olefin fraction, whereby said process comprises: a stage a) in which said effluent is brought into contact with at least one reagent that can react with said olefins to form with them a complex or a molecule; a stage c) in which the effluent that is obtained from stage a) is brought into contact with a composition that comprises at least one unsaturated compound in the presence of a suitable catalyst under hydrogenation conditions of at least a portion of said unsaturated compound by at least a portion of the hydrogen that is present in said effluent; a stage d) in which a reaction for dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons that are present in the effluent that is obtained from stage c) is carried out.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a catalyst which can be used in a process involving a conversion reaction for organic compounds, containing at least one support and at least one metal, and characterized in that it has particles of an average size greater than approximately 1 nm, and more than 80% of particles, the size of which is comprised in the range D±(D.0.2) where D represents the average size of the particles. It also relates to the process for preparing this catalyst which consists of preparing a colloidal suspension, in aqueous phase, of the metal oxide or metals to be supported, then depositing this suspension on a support, and optionally reducing the oxide thus supported.
摘要:
The invention relates to a process for the preparation of a catalyst comprising: a) The preparation of a colloidal oxide suspension of a first metal M1 that consists in the neutralization of a basic solution by an acidic mineral solution that contains the precursor of the metal M1, b) Bringing into contact the precursor of the promoter M2, either directly in its crystallized form or after dissolution in aqueous phase, with the colloidal suspension that is obtained in stage a), c) Bringing into contact the colloidal suspension that is obtained in stage b) with the substrate, d) Drying at a temperature of between 30° C. and 200° C., under a flow of air. The invention also relates to a process for the treatment of an olefinic fraction that uses the catalyst prepared [by] said preparation process.
摘要:
The invention concerns a process for preparing a catalyst precursor comprising the following steps: 1)a) preparing a colloidal solution A with a defined pH containing oxy(hydroxide) particles of a cation Mz+ selected from the group constituted by cations from columns IIA, IIIA, IIIB, IVB and IVA of the periodic table; or 1)b) using a commercial aqueous colloidal solution (solution A) with a defined pH containing oxy(hydroxide) particles of a cation Mz+ selected from the group constituted by cations from columns IIA, IIIA, IIIB, IVB and IVA of the periodic table; 2) adding in an aqueous solution B containing a precursor salt of a group VIII metal with a concentration of 0.001 to 1 mole/litre, the precursor salt of the metal being soluble under the pH conditions used in step 1. The invention also concerns the catalyst obtained from a catalyst precursor and its application in selective hydrogenation.
摘要翻译:本发明涉及一种制备催化剂前体的方法,其包括以下步骤:1)a)制备胶体溶液A,其中所述胶体溶液A具有含有选自以下基团的阳离子M z(z)的氧(氢氧化物)颗粒的定义的pH 由周期表的列IIA,IIIA,IIIB,IVB和IVA的阳离子构成; 或1)b)使用具有规定的pH的市售含水胶体溶液(溶液A),其含有选自由IIA,IIIA,IIIA,IIIA族中的阳离子构成的组的阳离子M z z + 周期表IIIB,IVB和IVA; 2)在含有浓度为0.001〜1摩尔/升的Ⅷ族金属的前体盐的水溶液B中加入,该金属的前体盐在步骤1中使用的pH条件下是可溶的。本发明还涉及 由催化剂前体获得的催化剂及其在选择性氢化中的应用。
摘要:
The invention relates to a process for preparation of anisotropic metallic nanoparticles comprising at least: a) One stage that is brought into contact with an aqueous solution that comprises at least one source of a metal that is selected from the columns 8, 9 or 10 of the periodic table and at least one soluble surfactant, b) One stage for formation of anisotropic metallic nanoparticles of at least one of said metals, by adding at least one reducing agent to the solution that is obtained in stage a), c) Said particles are: c1) separated from liquid and optionally dried, or c2) deposited on a substrate by impregnation with the suspension obtained in stage b) or after resuspension of the nanoparticles that are obtained at the end of stage c1), whereby the substrate is an oxide of unordered texture, and after separation of the possible residual liquid, the material that is obtained is dried at a temperature that is less than or equal to 120° C., and said solid is subjected to a reduction treatment by hydrogen at a temperature that is less than or equal to 100° C.
摘要:
A process for the selective hydrogenation of diolefinic compounds to mono-olefinic compounds uses a catalyst composition comprising at least one salt of a transition metal from groups IB, IIB, VB, VIB, VIIB and VIII of the periodic table, at least one ligand and at least one organometallic reducing agent, optionally in the presence of a non-aqueous ionic liquid selected from the group formed by liquid salts with general formula Q+A− (in which Q+ represents a quaternary ammonium and/or quaternary phosphonium and A− represents any anion which can form a liquid salt below 90° C.).
摘要:
The invention relates to a process for the production of gasoline with a low sulfur content comprising at least three stages: a first stage in which the sulfur-containing compounds present in the gasoline are at least partially transformed into H2S and into saturated sulfur-containing compounds; a second stage whose purpose is to eliminate the H2S from the gasoline produced in the first stage; and a third stage in which the saturated sulfur-containing compounds remaining in the gasoline are transformed into H2S. The process according to the invention optionally also comprises a pretreatment stage whose purpose is to hydrogenate the diolefins of the feedstock before the first stage.