Current switch and PLL in which it is used
    1.
    发明授权
    Current switch and PLL in which it is used 失效
    使用电流开关和PLL

    公开(公告)号:US6064243A

    公开(公告)日:2000-05-16

    申请号:US24058

    申请日:1998-02-17

    摘要: The present invention is a current switch, which supplies a constant current to a load circuit, and comprises: a transistor, the gate of which is supplied with a predetermined constant voltage, and the drain of which is connected to the above-mentioned load circuit; and a constant voltage supply circuit, which, in response to a control signal, supplies to the source of the above-mentioned transistor a first constant voltage, or a second constant voltage that differs from the first constant voltage, wherein when the above-mentioned first constant voltage is supplied to the above-mentioned transistor source by the above-mentioned constant voltage supply circuit, the transistor is turned ON and supplies the above-mentioned constant current to the above-mentioned load circuit, and when the above-mentioned secondary constant voltage is supplied to the above-mentioned transistor source, the transistor is turned OFF and interrupts the above-mentioned constant current. With a current switch configured as described above, high-precision current can be supplied and interrupted at the start and interruption of the current supply.

    摘要翻译: 本发明是一种向负载电路提供恒定电流的电流开关,包括:晶体管,其栅极被提供预定的恒定电压,其漏极连接到上述负载电路 ; 以及恒压供给电路,其响应于控制信号向上述晶体管的源极供给不同于第一恒定电压的第一恒定电压或第二恒定电压,其中当上述 通过上述恒压供给电路将第一恒定电压提供给上述晶体管源,晶体管导通,将上述恒定电流提供给上述负载电路,当上述二次 将恒定电压提供给上述晶体管源,晶体管截止并中断上述恒定电流。 利用如上所述配置的电流开关,可以在电源的启动和中断时提供高精度电流并中断。

    Oscillation circuit and PLL circuit using same
    2.
    发明授权
    Oscillation circuit and PLL circuit using same 失效
    振荡电路和PLL电路采用相同方式

    公开(公告)号:US5870000A

    公开(公告)日:1999-02-09

    申请号:US805365

    申请日:1997-02-24

    摘要: An oscillation circuit for producing an output whose frequency accords with an input voltage value, comprises a first constant current source whose current has a value according to the input voltage value; a charge capacitor to be charged by the first constant current source; a comparator having one input terminal connected to a charge terminal of the charge capacitor to be charged and an other input terminal supplied with a first reference voltage, for comparing inputs to both input terminals with each other and outputting an output signal having a high level or a low level; and first switch means for pulling down a potential of the charge terminal of the charge capacitor to a second reference voltage lower than the first reference voltage under control by an output of the comparator.

    摘要翻译: 用于产生其频率符合输入电压值的输出的振荡电路包括电流具有根据输入电压值的值的第一恒流源; 由第一恒流源充电的充电电容器; 比较器,其具有连接到要充电的充电电容器的充电端子的一个输入端子和被提供有第一参考电压的另一个输入端子,用于将两个输入端子的输入彼此进行比较,并输出具有高电平的输出信号或 低水平 以及第一开关装置,用于通过比较器的输出将充电电容器的充电端子的电位降低到低于第一参考电压的第二参考电压。

    Real-time PCR system
    5.
    发明授权
    Real-time PCR system 有权
    实时PCR系统

    公开(公告)号:US08017380B2

    公开(公告)日:2011-09-13

    申请号:US12105722

    申请日:2008-04-18

    摘要: A real-time PCR system for detecting gene expression levels includes plural reaction regions, a like plural number of heating portions arranged corresponding to the reaction regions and having heat sources, respectively, an optical unit capable of irradiating exciting light of a specific wavelength to all of the plural reaction regions, and a like plural number of fluorescence detecting portions arranged corresponding to the reaction regions, respectively. The heating portions are each provided with a temperature detector for detecting a temperature in a vicinity of the corresponding heat source and converting the temperature into an electrical signal and also with a controller for controlling a thermal dose from the corresponding heat source based on a correlation between electrical signals and calorific values of the heat source stored beforehand.

    摘要翻译: 用于检测基因表达水平的实时PCR系统包括多个反应区域,分别对应于反应区域排列并具有热源的多个加热部分,能够将特定波长的激发光全部照射到所有的光学单元 的多个反应区域,以及分别对应于反应区域排列的多个荧光检测部分。 加热部分每个设有温度检测器,用于检测相应热源附近的温度并将温度转换成电信号,并且还具有控制器,用于根据相应的热源之间的相关性控制热剂量 预先存储的热源的电信号和发热量。

    Hybridization detecting unit relying on dielectrophoresis and sensor chip provided with the detecting unit
    7.
    发明授权
    Hybridization detecting unit relying on dielectrophoresis and sensor chip provided with the detecting unit 失效
    杂交检测单元依赖于介电电泳和设有检测单元的传感器芯片

    公开(公告)号:US07709195B2

    公开(公告)日:2010-05-04

    申请号:US11221940

    申请日:2005-09-09

    摘要: A hybridization detecting unit which includes a reaction region in which hybridization takes place, a plurality of sites (e.g., the surface of electrodes) arranged in the reaction region to which is fixed a nucleic acid for detection, and means for sequentially moving by dielectrophoresis the target nucleic acid introduced into the reaction region according to the order of arrangement of the sites to which is fixed a nucleic acid for detection. A sensor chip provided with the hybridization detecting unit. The detecting unit compulsorily moves the target nucleic acid into the region where a probe nucleic acid for detection exists, thereby increasing the probability of hybridization taking place.

    摘要翻译: 杂交检测单元,其包括发生杂交的反应区域,配置在固定有用于检测的核酸的反应区域中的多个位点(例如,电极表面),以及通过介电电泳依次移动的装置 根据固定用于检测的核酸的位点的排列顺序将目标核酸引入反应区域。 设置有杂交检测单元的传感器芯片。 检测单元强制地将目标核酸移动到存在检测用探针核酸的区域,从而增加发生杂交的可能性。

    Method of producing metallic film
    8.
    发明授权
    Method of producing metallic film 失效
    金属膜的制造方法

    公开(公告)号:US06911396B2

    公开(公告)日:2005-06-28

    申请号:US10469580

    申请日:2002-12-27

    摘要: Concentration of electric current due to an additive (particularly, a brightener) remaining or precipitated in a high concentration at grain boundary triple points and wiring groove portions in the surface layer of a copper plating film is obviated, whereby precedent dissolution and/or abnormal dissolution due to concentration of electric current is restrained, and an electropolished surface of the copper plating film with excellent surface smoothness is obtained.A method of producing a metallic film includes the steps of: forming a metallic plating film (copper plating film (15)) by use of a plating solution prepared by adding a plating additive for restraining void generation, bottom-up fill and overfill; and electropolishing the metallic plating film by use of an electropolishing solution prepared by adding a polishing additive capable of reacting or coupling with the plating additive component contained or precipitated in the surface layer of the metallic plating film.

    摘要翻译: 避免了由于在镀铜膜的表面层中的晶界三点和布线槽部分处高浓度地残留或沉淀的添加剂(特别是增白剂)导致的电流浓度,从而导致先前的溶解和/或异常溶解 由于电流的集中受到抑制,并且获得了具有优异表面平滑度的镀铜膜的电抛光表面。 制造金属膜的方法包括以下步骤:通过使用通过添加用于抑制空洞产生的电镀添加剂,自底向上填充和填充填充而制备的电镀液,形成金属镀膜(镀铜膜(15))。 并使用通过添加能够与包含或沉淀在金属镀膜的表面层中的镀覆添加剂成分反应或偶合的抛光添加剂而制备的电解抛光溶液电抛光金属镀膜。

    Methods of producing and polishing semiconductor device and polishing apparatus
    9.
    发明授权
    Methods of producing and polishing semiconductor device and polishing apparatus 失效
    半导体器件和抛光装置的制造和抛光方法

    公开(公告)号:US06797623B2

    公开(公告)日:2004-09-28

    申请号:US09800580

    申请日:2001-03-08

    IPC分类号: H01L21302

    摘要: A method of production and a method of polishing a semiconductor device and a polishing apparatus, capable of easily flattening an initial unevenness of a metal film, excellent in efficiency of removal of an excess metal film, and capable of suppressing damage to an interlayer insulation film below the metal film when flattening the metal film by polishing, the polishing method including the steps of interposing an electrolytic solution including a chelating agent between a cathode member and the copper film, applying a voltage between the cathode member used as a cathode and the copper film used as an anode to oxidize the surface of the copper film and forming a chelate film of the oxidized copper, selectively removing a projecting portion of the chelate film corresponding to the shape of the copper film to expose the projecting portion of the copper film at its surface, and repeating the above chelate film forming step and the above chelate film removing step until the projecting portion of the copper film is flattened.

    摘要翻译: 一种生产方法和抛光半导体器件和抛光装置的方法,其能够容易地平坦化金属膜的初始不均匀性,除去过量金属膜的效率优异,并且能够抑制对层间绝缘膜的损伤 在通过抛光使金属膜平坦化时,金属膜下方的抛光方法包括以下步骤:在阴极构件和铜膜之间插入包含螯合剂的电解液,在用作阴极的阴极构件和铜 膜用作氧化铜膜的表面并形成氧化铜的螯合膜,选择性地除去与铜膜形状相对应的螯合膜的突出部分,以暴露铜膜的突出部分 并重复上述螯合膜形成步骤和上述螯合膜去除步骤,直到突出 使铜膜变平。

    Digital AGC circuit
    10.
    发明授权
    Digital AGC circuit 失效
    数字AGC电路

    公开(公告)号:US5955925A

    公开(公告)日:1999-09-21

    申请号:US972033

    申请日:1997-11-17

    CPC分类号: H03K5/1565 H03G3/001

    摘要: An AGC circuit according to the present invention comprises: a gain controller, having a variable gain, for amplifying an input signal at a predetermined gain and generating an output signal, and for varying the gain; a comparison circuit for comparing an amplitude of the input signal or of the output signal with a predetermined reference level, and for generating a control signal that goes to a first level when the amplitude is smaller than the reference level, and that goes to a second level when the amplitude is greater than the reference level; and a duty ratio detector for supplying the control signal generated by the comparison circuit, and for generating control code in accordance with a duty ratio of the control signal, wherein the gain of the gain controller is varied by using the control code, and so adjusted that the duty ratio of the control signal is maintained to be a predetermined value. When the amplitude of the input signal or the output signal is increased, a period during which the amplitude exceeds the reference level is also extended. By utilizing this phenomenon, a gain is varied so as to maintain a control signal duty ratio of 50%, for example, so that the amplitude of the output signal is amplified to a desired value, which is maintained.

    摘要翻译: 根据本发明的AGC电路包括:具有可变增益的增益控制器,用于以预定增益放大输入信号并产生输出信号并改变增益; 比较电路,用于将输入信号或输出信号的幅度与预定参考电平进行比较,并且用于当振幅小于参考电平时产生进入第一电平的控制信号,并且进入第二电平 当幅度大于参考电平时; 以及占空比检测器,用于提供由比较电路产生的控制信号,并且用于根据控制信号的占空比产生控制码,其中增益控制器的增益通过使用控制码而改变,并且被调整 控制信号的占空比保持为预定值。 当输入信号或输出信号的振幅增加时,振幅超过基准电平的时间段也延长。 通过利用这种现象,改变增益,以保持例如50%的控制信号占空比,使得输出信号的幅度被放大到保持的期望值。