摘要:
Ternary oxide phases, including copper oxide, which exhibit unusal electronic properties, have been determined to exhibit catalytic function for the oxidiation of carbon monoxide, the hydrogenation of ethylene and the cracking of hydrocarbons.
摘要:
A process and catalyst for catalytic cracking comprising a non-layered, ultra-large pore crystalline material. The crystalline material preferably has a benzene adsorption capacity greater than about 15 grams benzene/100 grams at 50 torr and 25.degree. C. Preferred materials have a hexagonal electron diffraction pattern that can be indexed with a d.sub.100 value greater than about 18 Angstrom Units and a hexagonal arrangement of uniformly sized pores with a maximum perpendicular cross section of at least about 13 Angstrom units. Preferred cracking catalysts comprise ultra-large pore materials having pore openings formed by at least 20 tetrahedrally coordinated members, most preferably with 36 or 42 tetahedrally coordinated members.
摘要:
An improved method for passivating metals in a hydrocarbon feedstock during catalytic cracking has been discovered. The method involves contacting the feedstock with a passivating agent comprising a precipitated porous rare earth oxide, alumina, and aluminum phosphate precipitate. The passivating agent may be coated on a cracking catalyst, be part of the matrix of a cracking catalyst, or be added to the cracking operation as discrete particles.
摘要:
The sulfur content of liquid cracking products, especially the cracked gasoline, of the catalytic cracking process is reduced by the use of a sulfur reduction additive comprising a porous molecular sieve which contains a metal in an oxidation state above zero within the interior of the pore structure of the sieve. The molecular sieve is normally a large pore size zeolite such as USY or zeolite beta or an intermediate pore size zeolite such as ZSM-5. The metal is normally a metal of Period 3 of the Periodic Table, preferably zinc or vanadium. The sulfur reduction catalyst may be used in the form of a separate particle additive or as a component of an integrated cracking/sulfur reduction catalyst.
摘要:
EMM-3 (ExxonMobil Material number 3) is a new crystalline microporous material with a framework of tetrahedral atoms connected by atoms capable of bridging the tetrahedral atoms, the tetrahedral atom framework being defined by the interconnections between the tetrahedrally coordinated atoms in its framework. EMM-3 can be prepared in aluminophosphate (AlPO) and metalloaluminophosphate (MeAPO) compositions with the hexamethonium template. It has a unique X-ray diffraction pattern, which identifies it as a new material. EMM-3 is stable to calcination in air, absorbs hydrocarbons, and is catalytically active for hydrocarbon conversion.
摘要:
The sulfur content of liquid cracking products, especially the cracked gasoline, of the catalytic cracking process is reduced by the use of a sulfur reduction catalyst composition comprising a porous molecular sieve which contains a metal in an oxidation state above zero within the interior of the pore structure of the sieve as well as a cerium component which enhances the stability and sulfur reduction activity of the catalyst. The molecular sieve is normally a faujasite such as USY. The primary sulfur reduction component is normally a metal of Period 3 of the Periodic Table, preferably vanadium. The sulfur reduction catalyst may be used in the form of a separate particle additive or as a component of an integrated cracking/sulfur reduction catalyst.
摘要:
The sulfur content of liquid cracking products, especially the cracked gasoline, of the catalytic cracking process is reduced by the use of a sulfur reduction additive comprising a porous molecular sieve which contains a metal in an oxidation state above zero within the interior of the pore structure of the sieve. The molecular sieve is normally a large pore size zeolite such as USY or zeolite beta or an intermediate pore size zeolite such as ZSM-5. The metal is normally a metal of Period 4 of the Periodic Table, preferably zinc or vanadium. The sulfur reduction catalyst may be used in the form of a separate particle additive or as a component of an integrated cracking/sulfur reduction catalyst.
摘要:
Novel crystalline zeolitic materials of the faujasite structure having an increased ratio of zeolitic surface area to mesoporous surface area and distinctive X-Ray Diffraction peak ratios are produced by calcining zeolite Y of low sodium content at temperatures above 600.degree. C.
摘要:
Silicon-containing species which evolve from the calcination of silicone treated catalysts may be removed by the use of an alumina-containing guard bed. The method is particularly useful for the production of silicone treated ZSM-5 catalysts.
摘要:
This invention relates to a new and useful improvement in a process for upgrading petroleum residua. The process comprises contacting a vacuum or atmospheric resid feed with a metal-containing lanthana-alumina-aluminum phosphate catalyst whereby the resid feedstock is simultaneously demetallized and desulfurized.