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公开(公告)号：US6021150A
公开(公告)日：2000-02-01
申请号：US41832
申请日：1998-03-12
CPC分类号： H01S3/036 , H01S3/04 , H01S3/041 , F28D2021/0077 , H01S3/225
摘要： Disclosed is a laser useful in, e.g., photolithography or medical surgery. In one embodiment, the laser comprises a discharge chamber and heat-generating electronics that are enclosed in a baffled enclosure that requires less cooling air to reliably cool the components in the enclosure than previous unbaffled enclosures. A method of reducing the amount of conditioned air is also provided. In a further embodiment, the laser has a heat-exchange system that acts quickly in response to changes in laser gas temperature by adjusting a flow-proportioning valve regulating water flow through a heat exchanger, thereby providing a continuously variable rate of heat exchange through the heat exchanger to maintain the lasing gas temperature constant. Methods of providing a laser beam and of improving the uniformity of a laser beam are disclosed, as are photolithography methods utilizing a laser and method of this invention.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种可用于例如光刻或医疗手术中的激光。 在一个实施例中，激光器包括放电室和发热电子器件，其封闭在挡板外壳中，其需要较少的冷却空气以可靠地冷却外壳中的部件比先前的未封闭的外壳。 还提供了减少调节空气量的方法。 在另一个实施例中，激光器具有热交换系统，其响应于激光气体温度的变化而快速作用，通过调节调节通过热交换器的水流的流量比例阀，由此通过所述热交换系统提供连续可变的热交换速率 热交换器保持激光温度恒定。 公开了提供激光束并提高激光束的均匀性的方法，以及利用激光的光刻方法和本发明的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US5748656A
公开(公告)日：1998-05-05
申请号：US583302
申请日：1996-01-05
申请人： Tom A. Watson , William N. Partlo , Donald G. Larson , Igor V. Fomenkov , Anthony J. de Ruyter , Palash P. Das
发明人： Tom A. Watson , William N. Partlo , Donald G. Larson , Igor V. Fomenkov , Anthony J. de Ruyter , Palash P. Das
CPC分类号： H01S3/036 , H01S3/04 , H01S3/041 , F28D2021/0077 , H01S3/225
摘要： Disclosed is a laser useful in, e.g., photolithography or medical surgery. In one embodiment, the laser comprises a discharge chamber and heat-generating electronics that are enclosed in a baffled enclosure that requires less cooling air to reliably cool the components in the enclosure than previous unbaffled enclosures. A method of reducing the amount of conditioned air is also provided. In a further embodiment, the laser has a heat-exchange system that acts quickly in response to changes in laser gas temperature by adjusting a flow-proportioning valve regulating water flow through a heat exchanger, thereby providing a continuously variable rate of heat exchange through the heat exchanger to maintain the lasing gas temperature constant. Methods of providing a laser beam and of improving the uniformity of a laser beam are disclosed, as are photolithography methods utilizing a laser and method of this invention.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种可用于例如光刻或医疗手术中的激光。 在一个实施例中，激光器包括放电室和发热电子器件，其封闭在挡板外壳中，其需要较少的冷却空气以可靠地冷却外壳中的部件比先前的未封闭的外壳。 还提供了减少调节空气量的方法。 在另一个实施例中，激光器具有热交换系统，其响应于激光气体温度的变化而快速作用，通过调节调节通过热交换器的水流的流量比例阀，由此通过所述热交换系统提供连续可变的热交换速率 热交换器保持激光温度恒定。 公开了提供激光束并提高激光束的均匀性的方法，以及利用激光的光刻方法和本发明的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US07139301B2
公开(公告)日：2006-11-21
申请号：US10701280
申请日：2003-11-03
申请人： Armen Kroyan , Ivan Lalovic , Igor V. Fomenkov , Palash P. Das , Richard L. Sandstrom , John M. Algots , Khurshid Ahmed
发明人： Armen Kroyan , Ivan Lalovic , Igor V. Fomenkov , Palash P. Das , Richard L. Sandstrom , John M. Algots , Khurshid Ahmed
IPC分类号： H01S3/22
CPC分类号： G03F7/70025 , G03F7/70041 , G03F7/70333 , G03F7/70575 , G03F7/70933 , H01S3/02 , H01S3/036 , H01S3/038 , H01S3/0385 , H01S3/0404 , H01S3/041 , H01S3/08009 , H01S3/08036 , H01S3/097 , H01S3/0971 , H01S3/0975 , H01S3/1024 , H01S3/104 , H01S3/105 , H01S3/1055 , H01S3/13 , H01S3/1305 , H01S3/134 , H01S3/139 , H01S3/22 , H01S3/2207 , H01S3/223 , H01S3/225 , H01S3/2251 , H01S3/2256 , H01S3/2258 , H01S3/2308
摘要： An integrated circuit lithography technique called spectral engineering by Applicants, for bandwidth control of an electric discharge laser. In a preferred process, a computer model is used to model lithographic parameters to determine a desired laser spectrum needed to produce a desired lithographic result. A fast responding tuning mechanism is then used to adjust center wavelength of laser pulses in a burst of pulses to achieve an integrated spectrum for the burst of pulses approximating the desired laser spectrum. The laser beam bandwidth is controlled to produce an effective beam spectrum having at least two spectral peaks in order to produce improved pattern resolution in photo resist film. Line narrowing equipment is provided having at least one piezoelectric drive and a fast bandwidth detection control system having a time response of less than about 2.0 millisecond. In a preferred embodiment, a wavelength tuning mirror is dithered at dither rates of more than 500 dithers per second in phase with the repetition rate of the laser. In one case, the piezoelectric drive was driven with a square wave signal and in a second case it was driven with a sine wave signal. In another embodiment, the maximum displacement was matched on a one-to-one basis with the laser pulses in order to produce a desired average spectrum with two peaks for a series of laser pulses. Other preferred embodiments utilize three separate wavelength tuning positions producing a spectrum with three separate peaks.
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4.发明授权Reliable modular production quality narrow-band high REP rate excimer laser 有权可靠的模块化生产质量窄带高REP率准分子激光器
公开(公告)号：US6128323A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-03
申请号：US157067
申请日：1998-09-18
申请人： David W. Myers , Herve A. Besaucele , Palash P. Das , Thomas P. Duffey , Alexander I. Ershov , Igor V. Fomenkov , Thomas Hofmann , Richard G. Morton , Richard M. Ness , Peter C. Newman , Robert G. Ozarski , Gamaralalage G. Padmabandu , William N. Partlo , Daniel A. Rothweil , Richard L. Sandstrom , Paul S. Thompson , Richard C. Ujazdowski , Tom A. Watson , R. Kyle Webb , Paolo Zambon
发明人： David W. Myers , Herve A. Besaucele , Palash P. Das , Thomas P. Duffey , Alexander I. Ershov , Igor V. Fomenkov , Thomas Hofmann , Richard G. Morton , Richard M. Ness , Peter C. Newman , Robert G. Ozarski , Gamaralalage G. Padmabandu , William N. Partlo , Daniel A. Rothweil , Richard L. Sandstrom , Paul S. Thompson , Richard C. Ujazdowski , Tom A. Watson , R. Kyle Webb , Paolo Zambon
IPC分类号： G03F7/20 , H01S3/02 , H01S3/03 , H01S3/036 , H01S3/041 , H01S3/08 , H01S3/081 , H01S3/097 , H01S3/0971 , H01S3/1055 , H01S3/134 , H01S3/139 , H01S3/225 , H03K3/57 , H03K17/80 , H01S3/00
CPC分类号： G03F7/70025 , G03F7/70041 , G03F7/70358 , G03F7/70558 , G03F7/70575 , H01S3/02 , H01S3/03 , H01S3/036 , H01S3/041 , H01S3/097 , H01S3/0971 , H01S3/1055 , H01S3/134 , H01S3/225 , H03K17/80 , H03K3/57 , H01S3/08009 , H01S3/0812 , H01S3/1392 , H01S3/2251 , H01S3/2256
摘要： The present invention provides a reliable modular production quality excimer laser capable of producing 10 mJ laser pulses at 2000 Hz with a full width half, maximum bandwidth of about 0.6 pm or less. Replaceable modules include a laser chamber; a pulse power system comprised of three modules; an optical resonator comprised of a line narrowing module and an output coupler module; a wavemeter module, an electrical control module, a cooling water module and a gas control module. Improvements in the laser chamber permitting the higher pulse rates and improved bandwidth performance include a single upstream preionizer tube and a high efficiency chamber. The chamber is designed for operation at lower fluorine concentration. Important improvements have been provided in the pulse power unit to produce faster rise time and improved pulse energy control. These improvements include an increased capacity high voltage power supply with a voltage bleed-down circuit for precise voltage trimming, an improved commutation module that generates a high voltage pulse from the capacitors charged by the high voltage power supply and amplifies the pulse voltage 23 times with a very fast voltage transformer having a secondary winding consisting of a single four-segment stainless steel rod. A novel design for the compression head saturable inductor greatly reduces the quantity of transformer oil required and virtually eliminates the possibility of oil leakage which in the past has posed a hazard.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种可靠的模块化生产质量准分子激光器，其能够在2000Hz下产生10mJ激光脉冲，全宽度为一半，最大带宽为约0.6μm或更小。 可更换模块包括激光室; 由三个模块组成的脉冲电源系统; 光学谐振器，包括线窄模块和输出耦合器模块; 波形计模块，电气控制模块，冷却水模块和气体控制模块。 允许更高脉冲速率和改进的带宽性能的激光室的改进包括单个上游预分解器管和高效室。 该室设计用于在较低的氟浓度下运行。 在脉冲功率单元中已经提供了重要的改进，以产生更快的上升时间和改进的脉冲能量控制。 这些改进包括增加容量的高压电源，具有用于精确电压调整的电压降低电路，改进的换向模块，其从由高压电源充电的电容器产生高电压脉冲，并用脉冲电压放大23次 具有由单个四段不锈钢棒组成的次级绕组的非常快速的电压互感器。 用于压缩头可饱和电感器的新颖设计大大减少了所需的变压器油的数量，并且几乎消除了过去漏油的可能性。
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公开(公告)号：US07079556B2
公开(公告)日：2006-07-18
申请号：US10670406
申请日：2003-09-24
申请人： Igor V. Fomenkov , Armen Kroyan , Jesse D. Buck , Palash P. Das , Richard L. Sandstrom , Frederick G. Erie , John Martin Algots , Gamaralalage G. Padmabandu
发明人： Igor V. Fomenkov , Armen Kroyan , Jesse D. Buck , Palash P. Das , Richard L. Sandstrom , Frederick G. Erie , John Martin Algots , Gamaralalage G. Padmabandu
CPC分类号： G03F7/70575 , G03F7/70025 , G03F7/70041 , G03F7/70333 , G03F7/70933 , H01S3/036 , H01S3/0385 , H01S3/0404 , H01S3/041 , H01S3/097 , H01S3/0975 , H01S3/104 , H01S3/105 , H01S3/1055 , H01S3/13 , H01S3/134 , H01S3/22 , H01S3/2207 , H01S3/225
摘要： A technique for bandwidth control of an electric discharge laser. Line narrowing equipment is provided having at least one piezoelectric drive and a fast bandwidth detection means and a bandwidth control having a time response of less than about 1.0 millisecond. In a preferred embodiment wavelength tuning mirror is dithered at dither rates of more than 500 dithers per second within a very narrow range of pivot angles to cause a dither in nominal wavelength values to produce a desired effective bandwidth of series of laser pulses.
摘要翻译： 一种用于放电激光器带宽控制的技术。 提供线窄设备具有至少一个压电驱动器和快速带宽检测装置以及具有小于约1.0毫秒的时间响应的带宽控制。 在优选实施例中，波长调谐镜在非常窄的转角范围内以每秒超过500次抖动的抖动速率抖动，以使标称波长值的抖动产生期望的一系列激光脉冲的有效带宽。
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6.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06985508B2
公开(公告)日：2006-01-10
申请号：US10627215
申请日：2003-07-24
申请人： David S. Knowles , Daniel J. W. Brown , Herve A. Besaucele , David W. Meyers , Alexander I. Ershov , William N. Partlo , Richard L. Sandstrom , Palash P. Das , Stuart L. Anderson , Igor V. Fomenkov , Richard C. Ujazdowski , Eckehard D. Onkels , Richard M. Ness , Scott T. Smith , William G. Hulburd , Jeffrey Oicles
发明人： David S. Knowles , Daniel J. W. Brown , Herve A. Besaucele , David W. Meyers , Alexander I. Ershov , William N. Partlo , Richard L. Sandstrom , Palash P. Das , Stuart L. Anderson , Igor V. Fomenkov , Richard C. Ujazdowski , Eckehard D. Onkels , Richard M. Ness , Scott T. Smith , William G. Hulburd , Jeffrey Oicles
IPC分类号： H01S3/22
CPC分类号： G01J1/4257 , G03F7/70025 , G03F7/70041 , G03F7/70333 , G03F7/70483 , G03F7/70575 , G03F7/70933 , H01S3/005 , H01S3/0057 , H01S3/02 , H01S3/03 , H01S3/036 , H01S3/038 , H01S3/0385 , H01S3/0387 , H01S3/0404 , H01S3/041 , H01S3/08004 , H01S3/08009 , H01S3/08036 , H01S3/0943 , H01S3/097 , H01S3/09702 , H01S3/09705 , H01S3/0971 , H01S3/0975 , H01S3/104 , H01S3/105 , H01S3/1055 , H01S3/1305 , H01S3/134 , H01S3/137 , H01S3/139 , H01S3/22 , H01S3/2207 , H01S3/223 , H01S3/225 , H01S3/2251 , H01S3/2256 , H01S3/2258 , H01S3/2333 , H01S3/2366
摘要： An injection seeded modular gas discharge laser system capable of producing high quality pulsed laser beams at pulse rates of about 4,000 Hz or greater and at pulse energies of about 5 mJ or greater. Two separate discharge chambers are provided, one of which is a part of a master oscillator producing a very narrow band seed beam which is amplified in the second discharge chamber. The chambers can be controlled separately permitting separate optimization of wavelength parameters in the master oscillator and optimization of pulse energy parameters in the amplifying chamber. A preferred embodiment in an ArF excimer laser system configured as a MOPA and specifically designed for use as a light source for integrated circuit lithography. In the preferred MOPA embodiment, each chamber comprises a single tangential fan providing sufficient gas flow to permit operation at pulse rates of 4000 Hz or greater by clearing debris from the discharge region in less time than the approximately 0.25 milliseconds between pulses. The master oscillator is equipped with a line narrowing package having a very fast tuning mirror capable of controlling centerline wavelength on a pulse-to-pulse basis at repetition rates of 4000 Hz or greater to a precision of less than 0.2 pm.
摘要翻译： 一种注射种子模块化气体放电激光系统，其能够以约4,000Hz或更大的脉冲速率和约5mJ或更大的脉冲能量产生高质量的脉冲激光束。 提供两个单独的放电室，其中之一是主振荡器的一部分，其产生在第二放电室中放大的非常窄的带状晶体束。 可以单独控制室，允许主振荡器中的波长参数的单独优化和放大室中的脉冲能量参数的优化。 配置为MOPA并被专门用于集成电路光刻的光源的ArF准分子激光系统中的优选实施例。 在优选的MOPA实施例中，每个腔室包括单个切向风扇，其通过在比脉冲之间的大约0.25毫秒更短的时间内清除来自放电区域的碎屑来提供足够的气流以允许以4000Hz或更高的脉冲速率操作。 主振荡器配备有具有非常快的调谐镜的线窄化封装，能够以4000Hz或更高的重复频率在脉冲到脉冲的基础上控制中心线波长，精度小于0.2μm。
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公开(公告)号：US06005879A
公开(公告)日：1999-12-21
申请号：US34870
申请日：1998-03-04
IPC分类号： H01S3/038 , G03F7/20 , H01S3/03 , H01S3/034 , H01S3/036 , H01S3/08 , H01S3/081 , H01S3/0971 , H01S3/134 , H01S3/225 , H01S3/00
CPC分类号： G03F7/70025 , G03F7/70041 , G03F7/70216 , G03F7/70558 , G03F7/70575 , H01S3/03 , H01S3/134 , H01S3/225 , H01S3/036 , H01S3/08009 , H01S3/0812 , H01S3/09713 , H01S3/2251 , H01S3/2256
摘要： A process for controlling pulse energy and integrated energy dose in bursts of pulses produced by an excimer laser. The energy of each pulse in each burst is measured. The rate of change of pulse energy with charging voltage is determined. A pulse energy error is determined for a previous pulse of the present burst. An integrated dose error is also determined for all previous pulses in the current burst. A charging voltage for the next pulse is determined using the pulse energy error, the integrated dose error, the rate of change of energy with charging voltage and a reference voltage. In a preferred embodiment, the rate of change of energy with voltage is determined by dithering the voltage during two pulses of each burst, once lower and once higher. The reference voltage is a voltage calculated using prior energy and voltage data. In this embodiment, the method of determining the reference voltage during a first portion of the pulse is different from the method used during a latter portion of the burst. During the first set of pulses (40 in this embodiment), for each pulse, a specified voltage calculated using voltage and energy data from a corresponding pulse in a previous burst is utilized as a prediction of the voltage needed to produce a pulse energy converging on a target pulse energy. For pulses 41 and thereafter the reference voltage for each pulse is the specified voltage for the previous pulse.
摘要翻译： 用于在由准分子激光器产生的脉冲脉冲中控制脉冲能量和积分能量剂量的过程。 测量每个脉冲中每个脉冲的能量。 确定脉冲能量随充电电压的变化率。 针对当前脉冲串的先前脉冲确定脉冲能量误差。 还针对当前突发中的所有先前脉冲确定积分剂量误差。 使用脉冲能量误差，积分剂量误差，带充电电压的能量变化率和参考电压确定下一个脉冲的充电电压。 在优选实施例中，通过在每个脉冲串的两个脉冲期间抖动电压来确定能量与电压的变化率，一旦较低和一次较高。 参考电压是使用先前的能量和电压数据计算的电压。 在本实施例中，在脉冲的第一部分期间确定参考电压的方法与在脉冲串的后一部分期间使用的方法不同。 在第一组脉冲（在本实施例中为40）中，对于每个脉冲，使用从先前脉冲串中的对应脉冲的电压和能量数据计算的指定电压作为产生脉冲能量收敛所需的电压的预测 目标脉冲能量。 对于脉冲41，此后每个脉冲的参考电压是先前脉冲的指定电压。
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公开(公告)号：US6078599A
公开(公告)日：2000-06-20
申请号：US898630
申请日：1997-07-22
CPC分类号： G03F7/70575 , G03F7/70333 , H01S3/13 , H01S3/225
摘要： A wavelength shift correction system for a laser system is provided for correcting wavelength chirps. This wavelength shift correction system includes a learning algorithm that learns characteristics of a wavelength chirp from a laser and a computer system that executes the learning algorithm and provides wavelength correction control signals based on the learned characteristics to reduce the magnitude of the wavelength shift of the present wavelength chirp and subsequent wavelength chirps.
摘要翻译： 提供用于激光系统的波长偏移校正系统用于校正波长线性调频脉冲。 该波长偏移校正系统包括学习算法，其学习来自激光器的波长啁啾特性和执行学习算法的计算机系统，并且基于所学习的特征提供波长校正控制信号，以减小本发明的波长偏移的幅度 波长啁啾和随后的波长啁啾。
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公开(公告)号：US6067306A
公开(公告)日：2000-05-23
申请号：US81374
申请日：1998-05-19
申请人： Richard L. Sandstrom , Palash P. Das , Igor V. Fomenkov , Herve A. Besaucele , Robert G. Ozarski
发明人： Richard L. Sandstrom , Palash P. Das , Igor V. Fomenkov , Herve A. Besaucele , Robert G. Ozarski
CPC分类号： G03F7/70025 , G03F7/70041 , G03F7/70358 , G03F7/70558 , G03F7/70575 , H01S3/03 , H01S3/134 , H01S3/225 , H01S3/036 , H01S3/08009 , H01S3/2251 , H01S3/2256
摘要： A laser-illuminated wafer-exposing system such as a stepper or scanner having a first light intensity detector located within the exposing system near a mask and second light intensity detector located near the output of the laser. A feedback control system controls the output of the laser based on signals detected by at least one of the detectors. The feedback control system includes a processor programmed with an algorithm which is used to control the laser discharge voltage in order to provide light pulses having desired intensity at the mask with the laser operating in a burst mode. The algorithm utilizes at least the following parameters; a previously measured pulse energy, a calculated energy error, a calculated dose error, a value for the rate of change of pulse energy with voltage, and at least one reference voltage. In a preferred embodiment the algorithm uses the pulse energy measured with the light intensity detector located near the mark to provide the feedback control and uses the light intensity detector at the output of the laser to assure that the output of the laser is maintained within a predetermined range.
摘要翻译： 激光照射的晶片曝光系统，例如步进器或扫描仪，其具有位于掩模附近的曝光系统内的第一光强度检测器和位于激光器输出附近的第二光强度检测器。 反馈控制系统基于由至少一个检测器检测到的信号来控制激光器的输出。 反馈控制系统包括用算法编程的处理器，该算法用于控制激光放电电压，以在激光器以突发模式工作的情况下在掩模处提供具有期望强度的光脉冲。 该算法至少使用以下参数; 先前测量的脉冲能量，计算的能量误差，计算的剂量误差，脉冲能量随电压的变化率的值和至少一个参考电压。 在优选实施例中，算法使用位于标记附近的光强度检测器测量的脉冲能量来提供反馈控制，并且在激光器的输出处使用光强度检测器，以确保激光器的输出保持在预定的 范围。
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公开(公告)号：US5729562A
公开(公告)日：1998-03-17
申请号：US739873
申请日：1996-10-31
摘要： A high voltage pulse power generating circuit capable of providing energy recovery is disclosed. The energy efficient pulse generating circuit source comprises a high voltage charge storing element which is periodically discharged into a compressor circuit. An energy recovery circuit coupled to the compressor circuit reverses the polarity of energy dissipated by the pulse power generating circuit and transfers the waste energy back to the power source. In a preferred embodiment, the pulse power generating circuit of the present invention utilizes an SCR switch for periodically discharging the charge storing element. This embodiment of the present invention provides pulses consistently and will not provide even a single missed pulse.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种能够提供能量回收的高压脉冲发生电路。 能量效率脉冲发生电路源包括周期性地排放到压缩机电路中的高电压电荷存储元件。 耦合到压缩机电路的能量恢复电路反转由脉冲发电电路消耗的能量的极性，并将废能转移回电源。 在优选实施例中，本发明的脉冲发生电路利用SCR开关来周期性地对电荷存储元件进行放电。 本发明的该实施例一致地提供脉冲，并且甚至不会提供单个错过的脉冲。
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