摘要:
Methods of operation of liquid and gaseous multi-fuel compression ignition engines that may be operated on a gaseous fuel or a liquid fuel, or a combination of both a gaseous fuel and a liquid fuel at the same time and in some embodiments, in the same combustion event. Various embodiments are disclosed.
摘要:
An igniter system for a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine having one or more cylinders including at least one igniter per cylinder is disclosed. The igniter system can comprise: a combustion chamber connected to a main cylinder of the engine by a restricted diameter bore, wherein a lean burn fuel mixture is introduced into the combustion chamber by the normal compression stroke of the engine; a hydrogen valve that injects a hydrogen rich gas into the combustion chamber forming a mixture of hydrogen and air having a hydrogen concentration above the stoichiometric ratio for hydrogen and air in the combustion chamber; and a spark ignition source that injects hot unburned hydrogen into the main cylinder, thereby initiating ignition.
摘要:
A method for operating an auto-ignition internal combustion engine that is operable in a single substance mode in which the internal combustion engine is supplied with self-igniting liquid fuel, and a dual substance mode in which the internal combustion engine is supplied with the liquid fuel as an ignition agent and gaseous or liquid alternative fuel, includes operating the internal combustion engine in the dual-substance mode at an increased exhaust gas recirculation rate relative to the single-substance mode, and throttling an air supply in an intake system of the internal combustion engine such that a lambda value in an exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine is in a range greater than 1 up to 1.3.
摘要:
A dual-fuel engine has a primary fuel supply and a secondary fuel supply, the primary and secondary fuels being arranged in use to mix with each other and with air for combustion in one or more cylinders of the engine. The supply of both the primary and secondary fuels is arranged to be actively managed in accordance with a desired engine performance characteristic by an electronic controller. In one arrangement the supply of a primary fuel is arranged to be actively reduced when a secondary fuel is supplied to the engine.
摘要:
A method for operating an internal combustion engine including extended operation in a homogeneous charge compression ignition mode at high loads includes operating the engine in the homogeneous charge compression ignition mode including spark-assisted ignition, monitoring an engine load, monitoring an engine speed, determining the engine to be in a high ringing range based upon the engine load and the engine speed, and when the engine load is in the high ringing range, operating the engine in a reduced ringing mode. The reduced ringing mode includes modulating a fuel injection timing according to a calibrated maximum combustion chamber cooling fuel injection timing, determining a preferred combustion phasing value, and modulating a spark timing based upon the modulated fuel injection timing and the preferred combustion phasing value.
摘要:
An air-fuel ratio of an air-fuel mixture produced by fuel injected from a first injector into an intake port (or into a combustion chamber) is set in a range of 28 to 38. Therefore, when the temperature and pressure rise with a first combustion started by spark-ignition around a spark plug to the fuel injected from a second injector into the combustion chamber, the timing of starting a second compressive hypergolic ignition is optimized to provide a stable combustion state free of knocking and misfire.
摘要:
Methods of operation of liquid and gaseous multi-fuel compression ignition engines that may be operated on a gaseous fuel or a liquid fuel, or a combination of both a gaseous fuel and a liquid fuel at the same time and in some embodiments, in the same combustion event. Various embodiments are disclosed.
摘要:
A method for operating a compression ignition engine includes forming a combustible mixture by mixing generally homogeneously a first fuel and air and introducing this mixture into the at least one cylinder, compressing the combustible mixture with the piston in a compression stroke, injecting a second fuel to the combustible mixture at an injection-time of the second fuel during the compression stroke but before start of combustion, and continuing the compression stroke until combustion starts at those locations in the at least one cylinder where concentration of the second fuel is highest and/or the temperature of the mixture is the highest. Emission of the cylinder and/or mechanical stress of the cylinder caused by the combustion are monitored, and if emissions and/or mechanical stress are above respective predetermined thresholds, individually for the cylinder, the amount and/or the timing of the second fuel injected, and/or temperature of the cylinder charge is changed.
摘要:
A safety brake system for a trailer comprises a brake unit to brake the trailer. An actuation unit comprises a mount secured to a front end of the trailer. A brake interface is operatively supported by the mount for displacement with respect to the trailer. The brake interface is displaceable toward a deactivation state in which the brake interface releases the brake unit from braking the trailer. A probe is operatively supported by the mount for displacement with respect to the trailer, the probe being displaceable between a hitching state in which the probe is adapted to contact the hitch of a vehicle, and a blocking state in which the probe blocks a hitch coupler of the trailer to prevent hitching of the trailer to a vehicle A biasing unit biases the probe against the hitch of the trailer in the hitching state and toward the blocking state. A mechanism operatively connects the brake interface to the probe, the mechanism retaining the brake interface in the deactivated state when the probe is in the hitching state, the mechanism releasing the brake interface from the deactivated state when the probe moves to the blocking state. A method for deactivating a safety brake is also provided.
摘要:
An apparatus and method for igniting a gaseous fuel directly introduced into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine comprises steps of heating a space near a fuel injector nozzle; introducing a pilot amount of the gaseous fuel in the combustion chamber during a first stage injection event; controlling residency of the pilot amount in the space such that a temperature of the pilot amount increases to an auto-ignition temperature of the gaseous fuel whereby ignition occurs; introducing a main amount of the gaseous fuel during a second stage injection event after the first stage injection event; and using heat from combustion of the pilot amount to ignite the main amount.