摘要:
A wireless communication method and apparatus for detecting and decoding enhanced dedicated channel (E-DCH) hybrid automatic repeat request (H-ARQ) indicator channel (E-HICH) transmissions are disclosed. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) receives E-HICH transmissions and detects an H-ARQ indicator transmitted via the E-HICH by performing a binary hypothesis test. The WTRU then generates an acknowledgement (ACK) message or a non-acknowledgement (NACK) message based on the detected H-ARQ indicator. A reliability test may be further performed to improve performance, whereby the binary hypothesis test may be performed only if the reliability test is passed.
摘要:
An adaptive equalizer including an equalizer filter and a tap coefficients generator used to process a sample data stream derived from a plurality of received signals is disclosed. The tap coefficients generator includes an equalizer tap update unit, a vector norm square estimator, an active taps mask generator, a switch and a pilot amplitude reference unit used to minimize the dynamic range of the equalizer filter. A dynamic mask vector is used to mask active taps generated by the equalizer tap update unit when an unmasked signal output by the equalizer filter is selected by the switch to generate an error signal fed to the equalizer tap update unit. A fixed mask vector is used to mask active taps generated by the equalizer tap update unit when a masked signal output by the equalizer filter is used to generate the error signal.
摘要:
An analog/digital gain control device avoid some of the requirements associated with the nature of a closed-loop AGC circuits and which meets the remaining requirements without much difficulty uses an analog to digital conversion method that increases the number of effective ADC bits by compressing the baseband input analog signal using a logarithmic circuit. After the compressed analog signal is converted into a digital signal, a digital anti-log process or look-up table (LUT) is used to expand the digital signal back to the original linear scale. The word size of the output of the anti-log process is larger than the input word size due to the nature of the anti-log function. To reduce the word size of the digital signal an open loop normalization technique can be applied.
摘要:
The present invention relates to partially rigid flexible circuits having both rigid portions and flexible portions and methods for making the same.
摘要:
A wireless communication apparatus which uses fast Fourier transforms (FFTs) in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) receiver which incorporates a beam space antenna array. The beam space antenna array may be implemented with a Butler matrix array. The beam space antenna array may be a circular array, vertical array, or a combination of both circular and vertical arrays, for providing the desired angular antenna coverage. In one embodiment, the antenna array is optimized because the FFTs are linear invariant transform operators, whereby the order of operations in the OFDM receiver can be interchanged.
摘要:
Data estimation is performed in a wireless communication system using both oversampling and multiple reception antennas. A receive vector is produced for each antenna at a sampling interval which is a multiple of the chip rate of the received signal. A channel response matrix is produced for each antenna at a preferred multiple of the sampling rate. Each receive vector is processed using a sliding window based approach, where a plurality of successive windows are processed. For each window, a combined circulant channel response matrix is produced using the channel response matrices. Using the combined circulant channel response matrix and a combined received vector comprising each received vector in a discrete Fourier transform based approach to estimate a data vector corresponding to that window; and combining the data vector estimated in each window to form a combined data vector.
摘要:
The invention provides Al2O3 dispersion-strengthened Ti2AlN composites, wherein Ti2AlN matrix and Al2O3 strengthening phase both are reactively formed in situ. The volume fraction of Al2O3 is 5% to 50%; the particle size of Al2O3 ranges from 500 nm to 2 μm, with the mean size of Al2O3 particles about 0.8 μm to 1.2 μm; the shape of Ti2AlN grain is plate-like about 80 nm to 120 nm thick and 0.5 μm to 2 μm long. The composites exhibit excellent deformability at high temperature under compression and flexure stresses, and possess excellent oxidation resistance at 1100° C. to 1350° C. for long time (100 h). The composites show typical metallic conductor behavior and the electrical resistivity at room temperature is 0.3 to 0.8 μΩ·m. The invention also provides a method for preparing the same: First, nanoparticles in Ti—Al binary system were prepared in continuous way by hydrogen plasma-metal reaction (HPMR) using Ti—Al alloy rods with Al content 20% to 60% by atom, or pure Al rods and pure Ti rods. The atmosphere used in HPMR is the mixture atmosphere of nitrogen-containing gas, H2 and Ar, with total pressure of 0.8 to 1.2 atm, wherein volume ratio of H2 and Ar is 1:0.8-1.2, and volume fraction of nitrogen-containing gas is 0 to about 20%. Second, the nanoparticles were compacted by vacuum hot pressing at temperature of 800° C. to 1200° C., pressure of 40 MPa to 60 MPa, time of 4 h to 6 h, and vacuum of 2×10−2 Pa to 5×10−3 Pa.
摘要:
Provided is an article comprising a first polymeric substrate having in its surface at least one open channel comprising walls and a bottom surface and at least one conductive feature on the polymeric substrate surface wherein at least a portion of at least one conductive feature is located in at least one open channel. Also provided is an article comprising a polymeric substrate having on its surface at least one sloped conductive feature.
摘要:
In a time-division duplex (TDD) system, a reliable initialization scheme that is applicable to an automatic gain controller (AGC) at a base station is implemented in various forms depending on the availability of certain information such as signal-to-interference ratio (SIR), spreading factors and other parameters. A more accurate estimation of the initial control word of a gain-adjustable amplifier for one or more time slots is implemented. The scheme is applicable to AGC initialization for each time slot of the TDD system, but is also applicable to other systems of transmission, without limitation.