摘要:
Metal oxide catalysts comprising various dopants are provided. The catalysts are useful as heterogenous catalysts in a variety of catalytic reactions, for example, the oxidative coupling of methane to C2 hydrocarbons such as ethane and ethylene. Related methods for use and manufacture of the same are also disclosed.
摘要:
A catalyst on an oxidic support and processes for selectively hydrogenating unsaturated compounds in hydrocarbon streams comprising them using these catalysts are described.
摘要:
A multi-stage process for the production of hydrocarbon products from syngas, each stage of the process comprising one or more syngas conversion reactors in which syngas is partially converted into hydrocarbon products at conversion conditions, each conversion reactor having a syngas entry stream system which system combines two or more entry streams of syngas and which system delivers the combined syngas to the syngas conversion reactor, the syngas entry system combining at least one entry stream of syngas being a syngas stream obtained in a partial oxidation process (for the first stage) or an exit stream of syngas from the previous stage, together with a reformed syngas (for all stages except the first stage), with another syngas stream being a recycle stream from the conversion reactor and a syngas exit stream system which discharges an exit stream of syngas from the reactor, the exit stream partly being used as the recycle stream to the syngas entry system as mentioned above, and, in the case that there is a further stage in the process, as feed for the next stage.
摘要:
A Composition comprising one or more metal hydroxy salts and a matrix, binder or carrier material, wherein the metal hydroxy salt is a compound comprising (a) as metal either (i) one or more divalent metals, at least one of them being selected from the group consisting of Ni, Co, Ca, Zn, Mg, Fe, and Mn, or (ii) one or more trivalent metal(s), (b) framework hydroxide, and (c) a replaceable anion. This composition has various catalytic applications.
摘要:
The present invention provides a process for the production of olefins by autothermal cracking of a paraffinic hydrocarbon-containing feedstock in the presence of a molecular oxygen-containing gas, wherein said process comprises (a) providing a pre-heated, mixed feedstream comprising said paraffinic hydrocarbon containing feedstock and said molecular oxygen-containing gas, (b) subsequently mixing said pre-heated, mixed feedstream with a diluent, said diluent being pre-heated to a temperature of at least 400° C., to produce a diluted mixed feedstream comprising at least 10% by volume of diluent, and (c) contacting said diluted mixed feedstream with a catalyst capable of supporting combustion beyond the normal fuel rich limit of flammability, to provide a hydrocarbon product stream comprising olefins.
摘要:
Catalysts and methods for alkane oxydehydrogenation are disclosed. The catalysts of the invention generally comprise (i) nickel or a nickel-containing compound and (ii) at least one or more of titanium (Ti), tantalum (Ta), niobium (Nb), hafnium (Hf), tungsten (W), yttrium (Y), zinc (Zn), zirconium (Zr), or aluminum (Al), or a compound containing one or more of such element(s). In preferred embodiments, the catalyst is a supported catalyst, the alkane is selected from the group consisting of ethane, propane, isobutane, n-butane and ethyl chloride, molecular oxygen is co-fed with the alkane to a reaction zone maintained at a temperature ranging from about 250° C. to about 350° C., and the ethane is oxidatively dehydrogenated to form the corresponding alkene with an alkane conversion of at least about 10% and an alkene selectivity of at least about 70%.
摘要:
A fuel cell. The anode of the fuel cell comprises a hydrogen oxidation catalyst comprising a finely divided metal alloy particulate. The metal alloy particulate has an average particle size of less than about 100 Angstroms.
摘要:
CNT materials comprising aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with pre-determined site densities, catalyst substrate materials for obtaining them and methods for forming aligned CNTs with controllable densities on such catalyst substrate materials are described. The fabrication of films comprising site-density controlled vertically aligned CNT arrays of the invention with variable field emission characteristics, whereby the field emission properties of the films are controlled by independently varying the length of CNTs in the aligned array within the film or by independently varying inter-tubule spacing of the CNTs within the array (site density) are disclosed. The fabrication of microelectrode arrays (MEAs) formed utilizing the carbon nanotube material of the invention is also described.
摘要:
The present invention provides a process for the production of olefins by autothermal cracking of a liquid paraffinic hydrocarbon-containing feedstock in the presence of a molecular oxygen-containing gas, wherein said process comprises (a) providing a liquid paraffinic hydrocarbon-containing feedstock, (b) mixing said liquid paraffinic hydrocarbon-containing feedstock with a diluent comprising steam, said diluent being pre-heated to a temperature of at least 300° C., to produce a vaporised diluent liquid paraffinic hydrocarbon-containing feedstream comprising at least 20% by volume of steam, (c) subsequently mixing said vaporised diluted liquid paraffinic hydrocarbon-containing feedstream with a molecular oxygen-containing gas to produce a diluted mixed feedstream, (d) subsequently contacting said diluted mixed feedstream with a catalyst capable of supporting combustion beyond the normal fuel rich limit of flammability, to provide a hydrocarbon product stream comprising olefins.
摘要:
A process for preparing a cobalt-based Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst includes introducing a soluble modifying component precursor of the formula Mc(OR)x, where Mc is a modifying component selected from the group comprising Si, Ti, Cu, Zn, Zr, Mn, Ba, Ni, Na, K, Ca, Sn, Cr, Fe, Li, Tl, Sr, Ga, Sb, V, Hf, Th, Ce, Ge, U, Nb, Ta, W or La, R is an alkyl or acyl group, and x is an integer having a value of from 1 to 5, onto and/or into a cobalt-based Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst precursor, which comprises a porous pre-shaped catalyst support supporting cobalt in an oxidized form. The resultant modified cobalt-based Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst precursor is reduced to obtain a cobalt-based Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst.