公开(公告)号：US09771531B2

公开(公告)日：2017-09-26

申请号：US14952060

申请日：2015-11-25

Applicant: Sundrop Fuels, Inc.

Inventor： Renus C. Kelfkens ,  Wayne W. Simmons ,  Douglas S. Jack ,  Jerrod Wayne Hohman ,  Sidney P. White

IPC: C10G3/00 ,  C10G2/00 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C10G45/44 ,  C10K1/08 ,  C10K1/32 ,  C10K3/02 ,  C10G45/00 ,  C10L1/04 ,  C10K3/00 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10J3/50 ,  C01B3/38 ,  C10J3/48

CPC classification number: C10J3/466 ,  C01B3/38 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/062 ,  C01B2203/1241 ,  C10G2/32 ,  C10G2/34 ,  C10G3/00 ,  C10G45/00 ,  C10G45/44 ,  C10G2300/1011 ,  C10G2400/02 ,  C10G2400/04 ,  C10G2400/08 ,  C10J3/485 ,  C10J3/506 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10J2300/0916 ,  C10J2300/0976 ,  C10J2300/1659 ,  C10J2300/1807 ,  C10J2300/1853 ,  C10K1/08 ,  C10K1/32 ,  C10K3/008 ,  C10K3/023 ,  C10L1/04 ,  C10L2200/0492 ,  C10L2270/023 ,  C10L2270/026 ,  C10L2270/04 ,  C10L2290/04 ,  C10L2290/06 ,  C10L2290/10 ,  C10L2290/42 ,  C10L2290/541 ,  C10L2290/542 ,  C10L2290/543 ,  C10L2290/548 ,  Y02E50/32 ,  Y02P20/145 ,  Y02P20/582 ,  Y02P30/20

Abstract: An integrated plant to generate chemical grade syngas from a steam biomass reforming in a multiple stage bio reforming reactor for use with either a high temperature or low temperature Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process to produce fuel from biomass is discussed. The first stage has a reactor to cause a chemical devolatilization of a biomass feedstock from the biomass feedstock supply lines into its constituent gases of CO, H2, CO2, CH4, tars, chars, and other components into a raw syngas mixture. A second stage performs further reforming of the raw syngas from the first stage into the chemical grade syngas by further applying heat and pressure to chemically crack at least the tars, reform the CH4, or a combination of both, into their corresponding syngas molecules. The second stage feeds the chemical grade syngas derived from the biomass feedstock to the downstream Fischer-Tropsch train to produce the fuel from the biomass. One or more recycle loops supply tail gas or FT product back into the plant.

公开(公告)号：US20170129833A1

公开(公告)日：2017-05-11

申请号：US15414990

申请日：2017-01-25

Applicant: HRD Corporation

Inventor： Abbas Hassan ,  Aziz Hassan ,  Rayford Gaines Anthony ,  Gregory G. Borsinger

IPC: C07C29/151 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C01B3/38 ,  B01F3/04 ,  B01F7/00 ,  B01F13/10 ,  B01F3/12 ,  C10G2/00 ,  C01B3/40

CPC classification number: C07C29/1518 ,  B01F3/04531 ,  B01F3/1221 ,  B01F7/00766 ,  B01F7/00791 ,  B01F13/1013 ,  B01F13/1016 ,  B01F2215/0036 ,  B01F2215/0427 ,  B01F2215/0481 ,  B01J8/008 ,  B01J8/222 ,  B01J19/1806 ,  B01J19/1862 ,  B01J2208/0053 ,  B01J2208/00823 ,  B01J2208/00876 ,  B01J2219/00083 ,  B01J2219/00159 ,  C01B3/38 ,  C01B3/40 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/0244 ,  C01B2203/0283 ,  C01B2203/061 ,  C01B2203/062 ,  C01B2203/1064 ,  C01B2203/107 ,  C01B2203/1241 ,  C01B2203/1247 ,  C07C1/0405 ,  C07C1/041 ,  C07C1/0415 ,  C10G2/32 ,  C10G2/34 ,  C10G2/341 ,  C10G2/342 ,  C10G2/344 ,  C10G2/35 ,  C10G2300/1014 ,  C10G2300/1025 ,  C10G2300/1033 ,  C10G2300/107 ,  C10G2300/1077 ,  C10G2300/42 ,  C10J3/00 ,  C10J3/466 ,  C10J2300/0906 ,  C10J2300/0916 ,  C10J2300/0926 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0943 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0976 ,  C10J2300/0986 ,  C10J2300/0989 ,  C10J2300/1656 ,  C10J2300/1659 ,  C10J2300/1665 ,  Y02P20/582 ,  Y02P30/20

Abstract: Herein disclosed is a system for producing an organic, the system including at least one high shear mixing device having at least one rotor and at least one stator separated by a shear gap, wherein the shear gap is the minimum distance between the at least one rotor and the at least one stator; a pump configured for delivering a fluid stream comprising liquid medium and light gas to the at least one high shear mixing device, wherein the at least one high shear mixing device is configured to form a dispersion of the light gas in the liquid medium; and a reactor comprising at least one inlet and at least one outlet, wherein the at least one inlet of the reactor is fluidly connected to the at least one high shear mixing device, and wherein the at least one outlet is configured for extracting the organic therefrom.

公开(公告)号：US20170081601A1

公开(公告)日：2017-03-23

申请号：US15126589

申请日：2015-04-10

Applicant: ENN COAL GASIFICATION MINING CO., LTD.

Inventor： Feng CHEN ,  Xia PAN

IPC: C10J3/72 ,  C01B3/02 ,  C10J3/46

CPC classification number: C10J3/721 ,  C01B3/02 ,  C10J3/466 ,  C10J3/726 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0969 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/1223

Abstract: A coal co-gasification method, comprising the following steps: 1, fuel and a first pressurised oxygen-containing gas are injected into a gasifier, and the fuel is ignited so as to increase the temperature inside the gasifier; 2, when the temperature increase reaches a temperature capable of igniting powdered coal to be injected, injection of the fuel is stopped, injection of the first pressurised oxygen-containing gas is continued, and a pressurised carbon dioxide gas carrying the powdered coal to be injected is injected into the gasifier so as to perform powdered coal gasification; 3, once the powdered coal gasification has stabilised, coal-water slurry and an oxygen-containing gas are injected into the gasifier to perform co-gasification. The method operates stably, and overcomes cumbersome and time-consuming adjustment steps in the prior art.

公开(公告)号：US20170051217A1

公开(公告)日：2017-02-23

申请号：US15347079

申请日：2016-11-09

Applicant: Thermochem Recovery International, Inc.

Inventor： Ravi CHANDRAN ,  Jonathan A. ZENZ ,  Dave G. NEWPORT ,  Hamilton Sean Michael WHITNEY

IPC: C10J3/72 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C01B3/02 ,  C10J3/48

CPC classification number: C10J3/721 ,  B01J8/004 ,  B01J8/0055 ,  B01J8/26 ,  B01J8/388 ,  B01J2208/00132 ,  B01J2208/00398 ,  B01J2208/00415 ,  B01J2208/00752 ,  B01J2208/00761 ,  C01B3/02 ,  C10J3/466 ,  C10J3/48 ,  C10J3/482 ,  C10J3/485 ,  C10J3/723 ,  C10J2200/09 ,  C10J2300/0916 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/094 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0976 ,  C10J2300/0983 ,  C10J2300/0986 ,  C10J2300/1246 ,  C10J2300/1261 ,  C10J2300/1625 ,  C10J2300/1637 ,  C10J2300/1687 ,  C10J2300/1807 ,  C10J2300/1838 ,  C10J2300/1846 ,  C10J2300/1853 ,  C10J2300/1892 ,  C10K1/026 ,  Y02P20/13

Abstract: A solids circulation system receives a gas stream containing char or other reacting solids from a first reactor. The solids circulation system includes a cyclone configured to receive the gas stream from the first reactor, a dipleg from the cyclone to a second reactor, and a riser from the second reactor which merges with the gas stream received by the cyclone. The second reactor has a dense fluid bed and converts the received materials to gaseous products. A conveying fluid transports a portion of the bed media from the second reactor through the riser to mix with the gas stream prior to cyclone entry. The bed media helps manipulate the solids that is received by the cyclone to facilitate flow of solids down the dipleg into the second reactor. The second reactor provides additional residence time, mixing and gas-solid contact for efficient conversion of char or reacting solids.

Abstract translation: 固体循环系统从第一反应器接收含有焦炭或其它反应固体的气流。 固体循环系统包括被配置为接收来自第一反应器的气流的旋风分离器，从旋风分离器到第二反应器的液体流，以及来自第二反应器的提升管与由旋风分离器接收的气流合并。 第二反应器具有致密的流化床并将接收的材料转化为气态产物。 输送流体将来自第二反应器的床介质的一部分通过提升管输送，以在旋风分离器进入之前与气流混合。 床介质有助于操纵由旋风分离器接收的固体，以促进固体向下流入第二反应器。 第二反应器提供额外的停留时间，混合和气固接触以有效地转化炭或反应固体。

公开(公告)号：US09567538B2

公开(公告)日：2017-02-14

申请号：US14411015

申请日：2013-06-26

Applicant: Lummus Technology Inc.

Inventor： Clifton G. Keeler ,  Chancelor L. Williams ,  Ivan O. Bustamante

IPC: C10J3/72 ,  C10K1/02 ,  C10K3/04 ,  C10J3/48 ,  C10K1/10 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10K1/00 ,  C10K1/04 ,  C10K3/00

CPC classification number: C10J3/721 ,  C10J3/466 ,  C10J3/485 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10J2200/09 ,  C10J2300/0943 ,  C10K1/005 ,  C10K1/024 ,  C10K1/04 ,  C10K1/101 ,  C10K3/003 ,  C10K3/008 ,  C10K3/04 ,  Y02E20/16 ,  Y02E20/18

Abstract: Improved two-stage entrained-flow gasification systems and processes that reduce the cost and complexity of the design and increase the reliability, while maintaining the efficiency by implementing a first chemical quench followed by a second water quench of the produced syngas. The quenched syngas is maintained above the condensation temperature of at least one condensable component of the syngas, allowing residual particulates to be removed by dry particulate filtration.

Abstract translation: 改进的两级夹带气化系统和方法，其降低了设计的成本和复杂性，并提高了可靠性，同时通过实施第一次化学骤冷，然后再生产合成气的第二次骤冷来保持效率。 淬灭的合成气保持在合成气的至少一个可冷凝组分的冷凝温度之上，允许通过干燥颗粒过滤除去残留的微粒。

公开(公告)号：US09458073B2

公开(公告)日：2016-10-04

申请号：US14138635

申请日：2013-12-23

Applicant: Fulcrum BioEnergy, Inc.

Inventor： Stephen H. Lucas ,  Peter G. Tiverios ,  James R. Jones, Jr.

IPC: C07C29/151 ,  C10J3/72 ,  B01J19/00 ,  C10J3/26 ,  C10K1/10 ,  C10K1/16 ,  C10G2/00 ,  C10G47/00 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C10J3/48 ,  C10J3/82 ,  C10K1/00 ,  C10K3/04 ,  C10L1/04

CPC classification number: C10L1/04 ,  B01J19/0006 ,  C07C29/1518 ,  C10G2/32 ,  C10G2/34 ,  C10G47/00 ,  C10J3/26 ,  C10J3/466 ,  C10J3/485 ,  C10J3/721 ,  C10J3/82 ,  C10J2300/0903 ,  C10J2300/0906 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0976 ,  C10J2300/1628 ,  C10J2300/1634 ,  C10J2300/1643 ,  C10J2300/1659 ,  C10J2300/1665 ,  C10J2300/1671 ,  C10J2300/1675 ,  C10J2300/1815 ,  C10J2300/1853 ,  C10K1/004 ,  C10K1/005 ,  C10K1/101 ,  C10K1/16 ,  C10K3/001 ,  C10K3/04 ,  C10L1/08 ,  C10L2200/0469 ,  C10L2200/0492 ,  C10L2270/023 ,  C10L2270/026 ,  C10L2270/04 ,  C10L2290/04 ,  C10L2290/10 ,  C10L2290/42 ,  C10L2290/54 ,  C10L2290/543 ,  Y02E20/16 ,  Y02E50/18 ,  Y02E50/32 ,  Y02E50/343 ,  Y02P20/129 ,  Y02P20/133 ,  Y02P30/10 ,  C07C31/04 ,  C07C31/08

Abstract: Facilities and processes for generating ethanol from municipal solid waste (MSW) in an economical way via generating a syngas, passing the syngas through a catalytic synthesis reactor, separating fuel grade ethanol, extracting energy at particular strategic points, and recycling undesired byproducts.

公开(公告)号：US20160024403A1

公开(公告)日：2016-01-28

申请号：US14875290

申请日：2015-10-05

Applicant: Sundrop Fuels, Inc.

Inventor： Christopher Perkins ,  Zoran Jovanovic ,  Steven Strand ,  Courtland Hilton ,  Donna Kelley

IPC: C10J3/48 ,  C10J3/50 ,  C10G2/00 ,  C10J3/82 ,  C07C29/151 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C10J3/72

CPC classification number: C01B3/384 ,  B01J19/0013 ,  B01J19/0033 ,  B01J19/2445 ,  B01J19/245 ,  B01J2219/00117 ,  B01J2219/00186 ,  C01B3/22 ,  C01B3/34 ,  C01B2203/0216 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/061 ,  C01B2203/0811 ,  C01B2203/1241 ,  C01B2203/1685 ,  C01B2203/84 ,  C07C29/15 ,  C07C29/1518 ,  C10G2/30 ,  C10G2/32 ,  C10G3/00 ,  C10G2300/1014 ,  C10G2300/1025 ,  C10G2300/807 ,  C10J3/00 ,  C10J3/466 ,  C10J3/482 ,  C10J3/485 ,  C10J3/506 ,  C10J3/54 ,  C10J3/56 ,  C10J3/58 ,  C10J3/60 ,  C10J3/62 ,  C10J3/721 ,  C10J3/723 ,  C10J3/82 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10J2200/09 ,  C10J2200/15 ,  C10J2200/158 ,  C10J2300/0906 ,  C10J2300/0909 ,  C10J2300/0916 ,  C10J2300/094 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/0976 ,  C10J2300/0989 ,  C10J2300/0993 ,  C10J2300/1223 ,  C10J2300/123 ,  C10J2300/1284 ,  C10J2300/1292 ,  C10J2300/1621 ,  C10J2300/1659 ,  C10J2300/1665 ,  C10J2300/1693 ,  C10J2300/1853 ,  C10J2300/1861 ,  C10K1/024 ,  C10L1/04 ,  C10L2200/0492 ,  C10L2290/02 ,  C10L2290/04 ,  C10L2290/06 ,  C10L2290/08 ,  C10L2290/28 ,  C10L2290/42 ,  C10L2290/50 ,  C10L2290/52 ,  C10L2290/547 ,  F24S20/20 ,  Y02B40/18 ,  Y02E10/41 ,  Y02E50/18 ,  Y02E50/32 ,  Y02P20/129 ,  Y02P20/134 ,  Y02P20/136 ,  Y02P20/145 ,  Y02P30/20 ,  Y02T50/678 ,  C07C31/04

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and system for a solar-driven chemical plant are disclosed. Some embodiments may include a solar thermal receiver to absorb concentrated solar energy from an array of heliostats and a solar-driven chemical reactor. This chemical reactor may have multiple reactor tubes, in which particles of biomass may be gasified in the presence of a carrier gas in a gasification reaction to produce hydrogen and carbon monoxide products. High heat transfer rates of the walls and tubes may allow the particles of biomass to achieve a high enough temperature necessary for substantial tar destruction and complete gasification of greater than 90 percent of the biomass particles into reaction products including hydrogen and carbon monoxide gas in a very short residence time between a range of 0.01 and 5 seconds.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于太阳能驱动的化学设备的方法，装置和系统。 一些实施例可以包括从日光反射阵列和太阳能驱动的化学反应器阵列吸收集中的太阳能的太阳能热接收器。 该化学反应器可以具有多个反应器管，其中生物质颗粒可以在气化反应中的载气存在下气化以产生氢气和一氧化碳产物。 壁和管的高传热速率可允许生物质颗粒获得足够大的温度，以使大量的焦油被破坏，并将大于90％的生物质颗粒完全气化成包括氢气和一氧化碳气体在内的反应产物 短停留时间在0.01和5秒之间。

公开(公告)号：US09238208B2

公开(公告)日：2016-01-19

申请号：US14371367

申请日：2013-02-08

Applicant: MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.

Inventor： Yoshio Seiki ,  Shuji Fujii ,  Koji Higashino ,  Kaori Yoshida ,  Masaki Yushima

IPC: B01J8/04 ,  B01J8/00 ,  B01J8/02 ,  C10K1/00 ,  C10K3/04 ,  C01B3/16 ,  B01J19/00 ,  B01J19/24 ,  C10K3/02 ,  C10K3/00 ,  C01B3/02 ,  C01B3/06 ,  C01B3/12 ,  C10J3/46

CPC classification number: B01J8/005 ,  B01J8/0278 ,  B01J8/0457 ,  B01J8/0492 ,  B01J2208/00061 ,  B01J2208/00548 ,  B01J2219/002 ,  B01J2219/00213 ,  B01J2219/00231 ,  C01B3/16 ,  C01B2203/0283 ,  C01B2203/0415 ,  C01B2203/0465 ,  C01B2203/0485 ,  C01B2203/146 ,  C10J3/466 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/1653 ,  C10J2300/1678 ,  C10K1/003 ,  C10K3/04 ,  Y02E20/16 ,  Y02E20/18 ,  Y02E60/36

Abstract: A CO shift reaction apparatus 11 according to the present invention includes: adiabatic reactors 31A to 31C, each having CO shift catalyst layers 35A to 35C filled with a CO shift catalyst 34 which reforms CO in gasification gas 15; gas supply lines l11 to l15 which supply the gasification gas 15 to the adiabatic reactors 31A to 31C; first gas flow rate control units 32A and 32B which adjust the amounts of gas supplied to the adiabatic reactors 31A to 31C; gas discharge lines l21 to l25 which discharge processing gas; and second gas flow rate control unit 33A and 33B which adjust flow rates of processing gas 38A-1, 38A-2, 38B-1, and 38B-2.

Abstract translation: 根据本发明的CO转换反应装置11包括：绝热反应器31A至31C，其各自具有填充有气化气体15中的CO的CO变换催化剂34的CO变换催化剂层35A至35C; 将气化气体15供应到绝热反应器31A至31C的气体供应管线111-115; 第一气体流量控制单元32A和32B，其调节供应到绝热反应器31A至31C的气体量; 排气处理气体排气管线l21〜l25; 以及调节处理气体38A-1,38A-2,38B-1和38B-2的流量的第二气体流量控制单元33A和33B。

公开(公告)号：US09212058B2

公开(公告)日：2015-12-15

申请号：US12426266

申请日：2009-04-19

Applicant: Christopher Lawrence de Graffenried, Sr.

Inventor： Christopher Lawrence de Graffenried, Sr.

IPC: B01J7/00 ,  C01B3/34 ,  H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/06 ,  C10J3/46 ,  F26B3/08 ,  H01M8/12 ,  B64D41/00

CPC classification number: C01B3/342 ,  B64D2041/005 ,  C01B2203/0266 ,  C01B2203/066 ,  C01B2203/0861 ,  C01B2203/1241 ,  C01B2203/84 ,  C01B2203/86 ,  C10J3/466 ,  C10J2300/0909 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/1238 ,  C10J2300/1646 ,  F26B3/08 ,  H01M8/04014 ,  H01M8/04097 ,  H01M8/04156 ,  H01M8/0612 ,  H01M8/0662 ,  H01M2008/1293 ,  Y02E20/18 ,  Y02E20/185 ,  Y02E60/50 ,  Y02E60/525 ,  Y02P20/129 ,  Y02P30/30 ,  Y02T90/36

Abstract: A method of producing hydrogen from hydro-carbon feed material is disclosed. A cylindrical plasma reaction region having a temperature greater than 800 C is created in a cylindrical reaction chamber by a cylindrical plasma array. The feed material is introduced into the plasma, where it undergoes plasma pyrolysis and is separated into hydrogen gas and solid carbon. The hydrogen gas is further purified using a hydrogen sieve that allows hydrogen through but retards larger molecules. The hydrogen gas is then feed into a fuel cell where it mixes with oxygen to provide electrical power. The plasma array may have one or more angled plasma arcs such that the plasma reaction region rotates as a vortex. There may also be two or more cylindrical plasma arrays arranged parallel to each other and to the cylindrical reaction chamber such that the feed material is fed through them.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种从氢碳进料中生产氢的方法。 通过圆柱形等离子体阵列在圆柱形反应室中产生温度高于800℃的圆柱形等离子体反应区域。 将进料引入等离子体中，在其中进行等离子体热解，并将其分离成氢气和固体碳。 使用允许氢气通过但延迟较大分子的氢气筛将氢气进一步纯化。 然后将氢气进料到燃料电池中，在其中与氧气混合以提供电力。 等离子体阵列可以具有一个或多个成角度的等离子弧，使得等离子体反应区域作为涡旋旋转。 还可以有两个或更多个圆柱形等离子体阵列彼此平行布置并且与圆柱形反应室配合，使得馈送材料通过它们。

公开(公告)号：US20150299590A1

公开(公告)日：2015-10-22

申请号：US14411015

申请日：2013-06-26

Applicant: Lummus Technology Inc. ,  Catalytic Distillation Technologies

Inventor： Clifton G. Keeler ,  Chancelor L. Williams ,  Ivan O. Bustamante

IPC: C10J3/72 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10K1/04 ,  C10K3/00 ,  C10K1/02 ,  C10K1/00 ,  C10J3/48 ,  C10K3/04

CPC classification number: C10J3/721 ,  C10J3/466 ,  C10J3/485 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10J2200/09 ,  C10J2300/0943 ,  C10K1/005 ,  C10K1/024 ,  C10K1/04 ,  C10K1/101 ,  C10K3/003 ,  C10K3/008 ,  C10K3/04 ,  Y02E20/16 ,  Y02E20/18

Abstract: Improved two-stage entrained-flow gasification systems and processes that reduce the cost and complexity of the design and increase the reliability, while maintaining the efficiency by implementing a first chemical quench followed by a second water quench of the produced syngas. The quenched syngas is maintained above the condensation temperature of at least one condensable component of the syngas, allowing residual particulates to be removed by dry particulate filtration.

Abstract translation: 改进的两级夹带气化系统和方法，其降低了设计的成本和复杂性，并提高了可靠性，同时通过实施第一次化学骤冷，然后再生产合成气的第二次骤冷来保持效率。 淬灭的合成气保持在合成气的至少一个可冷凝组分的冷凝温度之上，允许通过干燥颗粒过滤除去残留的微粒。